This review presents a holistic analysis of the synthesis and efficacy of nanosorbents towards the waste water purification by the removal of selected heavy metal ions, with special emphasis on the effect of functionalization of nanoadsorbents on certain key properties such as surface area, separation and adsorption capacity. We have compiled enormous data based on the characteristic properties of nanomaterials and their selective affinity towards certain heavy metal ions. The experimental factors like pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, temperature, initial ion concentration and ionic strength affecting metal ion removal have also been explored. Besides, the different adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm models are discussed with the help of various illustrations to have an insight into the adsorption procedure.

Role of nanomaterials as adsorbents in heavy metal ion removal from waste water: A review

Biomimetic Mineralization of Three-Dimensional Printed Alginate/TEMPO-Oxidized Cellulose Nanofibril Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

At present, natural polymers have found applications in clothing, paper, medicine, fuel, etc. The advancement in science and technology has paved the way for nanotechnology, which combines the unique properties of these abundant polymers on a nanoscale to produce novel nanomaterials. Using mechanical or chemical treatment, cellulosic materials can be converted into cellulose nanofibers and nanocrystals which have excellent capabilities compared to microscale native cellulose fibers, especially in water purification applications. This review summarizes the most recent processing methods for nanocellulose and techniques employed for rational surface chemical modification. It also critically assesses the applications of cellulose-based nanomaterials with respect to their functionalization for removal of pollutants such as heavy metals, organic compounds and pharmaceutical residues from water.

A critical review of cellulose-based nanomaterials for water purification in industrial processes

Color is a major attraction component of any fabric regardless of how admirable its constitution. Industrial production and utilization of synthetic dyestuffs for textile dyeing have consequently become a gigantic industry today. Synthetic dyestuffs have introduced a broad range of colorfastness and bright hues. Nonetheless, their toxic character has become a reason of serious concern to the environment. Usage of synthetic dyestuffs has adverse impacts on all forms of life. Existence of naphthol, vat dyestuffs, nitrates, acetic acid, soaping chemicals, enzymatic substrates, chromium-based materials, and heavy metals as well as other dyeing auxiliaries, makes the textile dyeing water effluent extremely toxic. Other hazardous chemicals include formaldehyde-based color fixing auxiliaries, chlorine-based stain removers, hydrocarbon-based softeners, and other non-biodegradable dyeing auxiliaries. The colloidal material existing alongside commercial colorants and oily froth raises the turbidity resulting in bad appearance and unpleasant odor of water. Furthermore, such turbidity will block the diffusion of sunlight required for the process of photosynthesis which in turn is interfering with marine life. This effluent may also result in clogging the pores of the soil leading to loss of soil productivity. Therefore, it has been critical for innovations, environmentally friendly remediation technologies, and alternative eco-systems to be explored for textile dyeing industry. Different eco-systems have been explored such as biocolors, natural mordants, and supercritical carbon-dioxide assisted waterless dyeing. Herein, we explore the different types of dyeing processes, water consumption, pollution, treatment, and exploration of eco-systems in textile dyeing industry.

Textile dyeing industry: environmental impacts and remediation

Dispersion Properties of Nanocellulose: A Review.

Novel method of preparation of tricarboxylic cellulose nanofiber for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution

In the current study, eco-friendly superabsorbent hydrogel based on zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and watermelon peel waste (WPW) was utilized to protect the plant against Fusarium wilt. The designed hydrogel was characterized using IR and XRD, SEM and TGA. Results revealed that, the designed hydrogel exhibited promising antifungal activity towards phytopathogen F. oxysporum in-vitro. The characterization illustrated that the size of ZnO-NPs in range 10–20 nm. Likewise, the hydrogel is highly significantly reduced the wilt disease symptoms incidence caused by F. oxysporum of pepper plant. Additionally, pepper plants treated with hydrogel show variability in number, relative mobility and density of polypeptide polyphenol oxidase in the leaf healthy and infected with F. oxysporum under different levels of irrigation. In conclusion, the designed superabsorbent hydrogel based on ZnO-NPs and WPW has the ability to control of Fusarium wilt disease as well as to decrease the irrigation water for pepper plant to one-third.

Sawsan Dacrory

Papers

Novel method of preparation of tricarboxylic cellulose nanofiber for efficient removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution

Protective role of zinc oxide nanoparticles based hydrogel against wilt disease of pepper plant

Synthesis, anti-proliferative activity, computational studies of tetrazole cellulose utilizing different homogenous catalyst.

Development of microporous cellulose-based smart xerogel reversible sensor via freeze drying for naked-eye detection of ammonia gas.

Smart microfibrillated cellulose as swab sponge-like aerogel for real-time colorimetric naked-eye sweat monitoring.