Showing papers by "Scott P. Runyon published in 2012"
TL;DR: The data show that it is possible to design multiple immunogens from a small molecule such as nicotine which elicit independent immune responses and could be applicable to other addiction vaccines or small molecule targets as well.
65 citations
TL;DR: It is suggested that studies using SB-334867 (and any other 2-methylbenzoxazole-containing compound) should be performed with great care to avoid the confounding effects of the rapid hydrolytic decomposition of this susceptible structure.
56 citations
TL;DR: Reduced circulating apelin peptides may be associated with preeclampsia, and the apelinergic system should be further investigated to elucidate its role in preClampsia and other hypertensive maternal disorders.
Abstract: Background. Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder that complicates 3–7% of pregnancies. The development of preeclampsia has not been completely elucidated and current therapies are not broadly efficacious. The apelinergic system appears to be involved in hypertensive disorders and experimental studies indicate a role of this system in preeclampsia. Thus, an epidemiological evaluation of apelin protein concentration in plasma was conducted in case–control study of pregnant women. Methods. Data and maternal plasma samples were collected from pregnant women with confirmed preeclampsia (n = 76) or normotensive controls (n = 79). Concentrations of apelin peptides were blindly measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Data were subjected to statistical analyses. Results. Plasma apelin concentrations, measured at delivery, were lower in preeclampsia cases compared with controls (mean ± standard deviation: 0.66 ± 0.29 vs. 0.78 ± 0.31 ng/mL, p = 0.02). After controlling for confounding by maternal age, s...
35 citations
TL;DR: A small-molecule NPSR antagonist (RTI-118) was developed and tested and supported the hypothesis that antagonism of the neuropeptide S receptor may ultimately show efficacy in reducing cocaine use and relapse.
Abstract: Neuropeptide S (NPS) is a neuromodulatory peptide, acting via a G-protein-coupled receptor to regulate sleep, anxiety and behavioral arousal. Recent research has found that intracerebroventricular NPS can increase cocaine and alcohol self-administration in rodents, suggesting a key role in reward-related neurocircuitry. It is hypothesized that antagonism of the NPS system might represent a novel strategy for the pharmacological treatment of cocaine abuse. To this end, a small-molecule NPSR antagonist (RTI-118) was developed and tested in animal models of cocaine seeking and cocaine taking. Male Wistar rats (n=54) trained to self-administer cocaine and food under a concurrent alternating FR4 schedule exhibited specific dose-dependent decreases in cocaine intake when administered RTI-118. RTI-118 also decreased the reinstatement of extinguished cocaine-seeking behavior induced by conditioned cues, yohimbine and a priming dose of cocaine. These data support the hypothesis that antagonism of the neuropeptide S receptor may ultimately show efficacy in reducing cocaine use and relapse.
25 citations
Patent•
10 Dec 2012TL;DR: In this article, compounds represented by the formula: where R, Y3, R 1, R 2, R 3, R 4, R 6, G, R 7, E1, E2, A, B, W, X, Y and Z are as defined herein.
Abstract: Provided are compounds represented by the formula: where R, Y3, R1,R2, R3, R4, R6, G, R7, E1, E2, A, B, W, X, Y and Z are as defined herein.
4 citations