Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan listrik di Desa Mahalona Wilayah Kecamatan Towuti adalah penyediaan sumber energi baru dan terbarukan yang ramah lingkungan sebagai alternatif untuk penambahan suplai listrik yaitu sistem kelistrikan PLTS Off Grid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang system kelistrikan PLTS Off Grid dengan Kapasitas 1000 Watt di desa Mahalona  kecamatan Towuti  Kabupaten Luwu Timur agar nantinya dapat mengatasi permasalahan kelistrikan yang terjadi di wilayah ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa peralatan yang dibutuhkan untuk mendukung sistem kelistrikan.PLTS Off Grid 1000 Watt adalah  Photovoltaic ( PV ) atau sel Surya berjumlah 4 buah dengan spesifikasi teknis; type cell monocrytalline , effisiensi cell > 15 %, daya maksimum 260 Wp. Solar Charge Controller yang menggunakan teknologi MPPT dengan spesifikasi teknis; tegangan kerja PV max 140 VDC, tegangan kerja baterai 48 VDC, Arus Output max 60 A, efisiensi >97 %, dan kapasitas 1000 Watt. Battery bank Deep cycle dengan spesifikasi teknis; type baterai  Deep Cycle OPzV, tegangan nominal 2 V/cell, Cycle life >1200, DOD 80 %, dan kapasitas 160 Ah. Dan Bidirectional inverter dengan Spesifikasi teknis; DC input Volt (nominal) 50,4 V, input Voltage limit 40-64 V, input Current 131 A, Charging Current 100 A, Type of signal True Sine Wave 50 Hz, Continous Output Power 1 KVA. Kata Kunci: PLTS Off Grid, kelistrikan, photovoltaic, spesifikasi

Rancangan sistem kelistrikan plts off grid 1000 watt di desa mahalona kecamatan towuti

The pandemic that has been unleashed all over the world has forced us to change our way of life, this includes to avoid face-to-face classes. Therefore, an important question arises: how to carry out the online classes of a subject in which the main focus is on developing projects such as the Mechatronics course? This document presents the platforms used in the online course that include: Factory I/O, Overleaf, Tinkercad and FluidSIM, for replacing face-to-face practices. The course development, its characteristics and even the practices that have been done during the online course on the platforms are explained. The main idea is to show that it is possible to substitute the face-to-face practices, using appropriate online tools for each topic within the course. The use of online platforms and simulation software allows obtaining new skills of teaching regarding laboratory subjects. In general, online platforms allow having an alternative and new tools to transform the most of the course to the online mode.

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Mechatronics Teaching through Virtual Platforms for Home Confinement due to COVID-19

The Microstrip Antenna Log Periodic Dipole Array has been design and create as measuring device for electromagnetic field on base transceiver station (BTS). Before it use for measuring device, characterictics of antenna must be known from return loss and radiation pattern. The design of antenna has special specification which it use τ = 0.88 and σ = 0.12 as parameter. Material of antenna from FR 4 dielectric material as substrate and element from chopper. Measuring return loss with networ analyzer and radiation pattern in 3 m semi anechoic chamber at frequencies 850, 900, 1800, 2100, and 2300 MHz. The result of return loss from each frequencies is good because the values is below than -10 dB. Whereas the radiation pattern is directional type to each frequency. Frequency antena at 850 and 900 MHz, back lobes that exist in the radiation pattern generated sizeable value approaching the value of the main lobes. While in the 2100 MHz frequency, side lobes that is closer to the value of the main lobes. This is less than the maximum results, so that the antenna LPDA made pretty good use in the frequency of 1800 MHz and 2300 MHz. Keywords : Microstrip antenna LPDA , return loss, and radiation pattern Abstra k — Telah dilakukan rancang bangun antena mikrostrip log periodic dipole antenna (LPDA) yang akan digunakan sebagai alat ukur radiasi medan elektromagnetik pada base trransceiver station (BTS). Sebelum dijadikan alat ukur radiasi medan elektromagnetik BTS, karakteristik antena dilihat terlebih dahulu dari sisi return loss, dan pola radiasi yang dihasilkan. Desain antena LPDA menggunakan spesifikasi khusus dengan parameter τ = 0.88 dan σ = 0.12. Pembuatan antena secara mikrostrip dengan bahan dielektrik berupa FR4 sebagai substrat dan elemen antena berupa tembaga. Pengukuran return loss menggunakan network analyzer dan pola radiasi diukur di semi anechoic chamber 3 m di frekuensi operasi kerja BTS Indonesia (frekuensi 850, 900, 1800, 2100, dan 2300 MHz). Hasilnya pada setiap frekuensi nilai return loss yang didapat baik karena bernilai dibawah -10 dB. Sedangkan pola radiasinya yang dihasilkan berbentuk direksional pada setiap frekuensi. Pada frekuensi 850 dan 900 MHz back lobes yang ada pada pola radiasi yang dihasilkan cukup besar nilainya mendekati nilai main lobes . Sedangkan pada frekuensi 2100 MHz, side lobes yang ada mendekati nilai main lobes . Hal ini merupakan hasil yang kurang maksimal, sehingga antena LPDA yang dibuat cukup baik digunakan di frekuensi 1800 MHz dan 2300 MHz. Kata Kunci : antena mikrostrip LPDA , return loss, dan pola radiasi

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Rancang Bangun Antena Log Periodic Dipole Array untuk Pengukuran Radiasi Elektromagnetik BTS

Electro-magnetic compatibility (EMC) is the important parameter to guarantee that electronic and electrical products are electronically compatible with their environments. Radiated immunity (RI) testing, also called radiated susceptibility (RS) testing, requires a high field strength to illuminate the equipment under test (EUT). The crucial and important components of a susceptibility test system are the indispensable and high-cost power amplifier, an anechoic chamber (AC) and a proper antenna. The challenge and topic of this thesis is to make the RS test more effective to lower the cost of equipment, and more efficient by saving test time, while maintaining or improving the quality of the test results. There are three major techniques for creating high field strength for RS testing: an antenna inside the AC, an enclosed coaxial structure like the transverse electromagnetic (TEM) cell, or the reverberation chamber (RC). This thesis studies two methods: the antenna structure as a transmitting transducer inside the AC and the RC structure for creating high field strength for EMI testing. First, the antenna technique has been investigated by exploring and improving our understanding of the power required by the antennas and resulting field obtained in the uniform field area (UFA). By means of measurements (empirical) and numerical simulation it is shown that a double-ridged guide horn (DRGH) is comparable to a double log-periodic dipole array (LPDA) antenna in terms of power-to-field-strength and is slightly better in creating good field uniformity. Additionally, two different RS test methods have been studied showing that the size of the EUT affects the field strength. This research result supported the change in some standards where pre-calibration (or substitution) is now preferred above closed-loop-levelling when testing large EUT. Radiated electromagnetic (EM) field measurements in different environments, using the AC antenna technique, the TEM method, and the RC method have been investigated to analyze the relationship between the receive- radiation-pattern of an EUT and the test technique. Focusing on RS, this research could have been using an EUT with indication of the perceived field strength. In this work, such a fictitious EUT was replaced by a field strength sensor. By adding a box with different holes and hole patterns, a real-life EUT could be replicated. Although using this validation approach is very valid, it is cumbersome and costly, as high-power amplifiers are needed for all test environments. By using the reciprocity concept, the validity of comparing test environments is performed using radiated emission measurements where a broadband emitter was used as source. One major issue in applying the RC technique is the slow readout of electric field strength probes, and a key limiting factor in a widespread use of RCs. Furthermore, the number of sensors is often limited. In some standards, the field strength is monitored and/or measured using a single antenna (polarization). In various measurements described in this thesis fast three-dimensional (3D) sensors which allows time-efficient RS testing. Moreover, the fast and very sensitive field probe are best suited for vibrating intrinsic reverberation chamber (VIRC) measurements, which have rapid and time-varying electric field (E-field) behavior inside the chamber. To prove these advantages, a major automotive company has applied the VIRC and the fast multi-probe system that allows closed-loop EMC evaluation of large and complex systems. Finally, the RS test inside AC and VIRC with the box with field probe inside to represent EUTs were investigated to analyze the EUTs behavior and its susceptibility to the high E-field coming from various directions. The results showed that at higher frequencies, with thirty-six points in rotation increments, the probe inside the box received higher E-field strength than the target field. This implies that there is a high probability that in this frequency range the worst-case interference is coupled into the box and hitting the most susceptible part of the EUT. In the VIRC, with lower power and faster measurement time, the same results are also obtained. In conclusion, the classic antenna technique in the AC method is expensive mainly due to the necessary EM absorbers and expensive power amplifiers. Furthermore, the current AC method has limited robustness, since a few incident directions and field polarizations are tested, and thus does not resemble actual living and working environments. The (VI)RC has much lower costs for equipment, and illuminates an EUT from all directions, thus resembling actual living and working environments. Further research is suggested and could be focused on the behavior of EUT for directivity and in time-varying fields. The directivity becomes important at higher frequencies. Time-varying fields play a role in the dwell time, which is the time an EUT is illuminated.

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High strength electromagnetic field generation for radiated EMI measurements

In this paper shows modified circuit of class-c amplifier as transmitter part and comparison of four resonant tank topologies as state of the art. The circuit design and power efficiency calculation using LTspice simulation software. The transmitter circuit is consist of 5 volt as input voltage, class-c amplifier, modified circuit LTC6992 as a gate drive n-mosfet and resonant tank. On the other hand, the receiver circuit consist of resonant tank, full wave rectifier with diode schottky which is a high efficiency diode and resistor variable as load which the value changed from 1 to $\mathbf{2, k}\Omega$ . The result shows resonant tank parallel in transmitter and series in receiver has the highest power efficiency and output voltage compared to the other topology with value 32.74% when resistance around $\mathbf{63}, \Omega$ and coupling coefficient 0.99. In addition the circuit design has resonant frequency transmitter and receiver in 250 kHz which included in power matters alliance regulation and broadband wireless forum Japan guidelines.

Comparison Topologies of Resonant Tank from Class-C Wireless Power Transfer

A remote system for controlling and monitoring the temperature inside the compartment's infant incubator on a mobile device is developed. The system composed of an Arduino Uno, an HC 05 module, a DHT 11 sensor, a relay, and a heater. The system has advantages on providing more sterile compartment's environment and easier control/monitor infant incubator. The developed system is proven to be used for controlling and monitoring infant incubator remotely. The average temperature response of the developed system is 0.397 °C/mins, and maximum communication distance between the developed system and the mobile phone is 12.25 m.

Infant Incubator Temperature Controlling and Monitoring System by Mobile Phone Based on Arduino

The conducted emission noise caused by the inverter in the off-grid photovoltaic (PV) system has been characterized. Noise that propagates in the conduction path was generated from the phenomenon of inverter switching for the power conversion process from direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC). The IEC 62920: 2017 and CISPR 25: 2016 standards were used to measure the noise generated by the inverter on the DC side. The conducted emission noise measurements for the inverter were carried out in three conditions, namely no-load condition, connected to a 60 W incandescent lamp load, and connected to the incandescent lamp load and dimmer for power variation. Measurements were made on five inverters with different power capacities and output types. The 200 W, 300 W, and 700 W outputs were for the modified sine wave output voltage, while the 500 W and 1,000 W were for pure sine wave output voltage. The measurement results show that when the inverter is connected to the load of the incandescent lamp and the dimmer, the 500 W and 1,000 W pure sine wave inverters have a low peak noise level and less potential to cause electromagnetic interference on the DC side.

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Karakterisasi Conducted Emission Noise pada Inverter di Sistem Photovoltaic Off-Grid

Infant incubator is one of the most important medical devices for newborn survival, especially preterm. However, aside from its benefits, some irregularities can be found on the devices that could lead to infant mortality, such as temperature deviations. The problem can be minimized by testing the infant incubator temperature parameter in accordance with IEC 60601-2-19 standard. However, there are various types of temperature sensors for related tests. Therefore K-Type and T-Type Thermocouples are compared in order to provide recommendations for infant incubator testing. The measurement technique used were referred to the instructions stated in IEC 60601-2-19 sub-clause Stability (with tolerance ±0.5 o C) and sub-clause Uniformity (with tolerance ±0.8 o C). For K-type thermocouples, the highest stability results at 32 o C is -0.2 o C and at 36 o C is -0.4 o C, while the highest uniformity results at 32 o C is -0.1 o C and at 36 o C is -1.6 o C, with the uncertainty of 1.7 o C. For T-type thermocouples, the highest stability results at 32 o C is 0.4 o C and at 36 o C is -0.4 o C, while the highest uniformity results at 32 o C is 0.7 o C and at 36 o C is 0.8 o C, with the uncertainty of 0.3 o C. The results of the independent t-test showed a different average, where the T-type thermocouples was higher than the K-type thermocouples. In other words, T-type thermocouples could be recommended for infant incubators testing.

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Comparison of k-type and t-type thermocouples for stability and uniformity of infant incubator temperature testing based on iec 60601-2-19

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1742-6596/1528/1/012057/pdf

New insight of the implication blood pressure detection differences using aneroid sphygmomanometer and digital blood pressure on medical examination

Two important parts of wireless power transfer are transmitter circuit and receiver circuit. Previous research has been completed which use CMOS H-Bridge in transmitter and full wave rectifier in receiver. This paper presented simple design of transmitter circuit and optimization of receiver circuit in rectifier circuit with transient analysis and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) from LT spice software. The simple transmitter circuit used an integrated circuit (IC) NE555 with push-pull as oscillator circuit and LC resonant, while the receiver circuit used LC resonant, rectifier circuit, CLC filter for smoothing direct current (DC) output and 500 Ohm as load. The circuit design had resonant frequency of 250 kHz on both of transmitter and receiver, which comply with Power Matters Alliance (PMA) standard. The optimization of rectifier circuit had been done by comparing output of power load when it used basic rectifier (full wave), voltage doubler (dickson circuit and Villard circuit) and voltage multiplier (cockcroft-walton circuit). The results showed the receiver with Dickson circuit as rectifier has the highest efficiency compared to other rectifier circuits with efficiency of 10.93 % when it used coupling coefficient of 0.99, because Dickson rectifier has resonant frequency that is closest to 250 kHz and the highest level power, compared to other rectifier circuits.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/166/1/012033/pdf

Siddiq Wahyu Hidayat

Papers

Infant Incubator Temperature Controlling and Monitoring System by Mobile Phone Based on Arduino

Karakterisasi Conducted Emission Noise pada Inverter di Sistem Photovoltaic Off-Grid

Comparison of k-type and t-type thermocouples for stability and uniformity of infant incubator temperature testing based on iec 60601-2-19

New insight of the implication blood pressure detection differences using aneroid sphygmomanometer and digital blood pressure on medical examination

Simple Design of Transmitter Circuit and Optimization Design of Receiver Circuit for Wireless Power Transfer