The energy insecurity from oil and natural gas and increased CO2 emission from fossil fuels is driving societies to look for sustainable and renewable energy supply. The huge coal resources can serve as a potential source for fuels. Bio-energy from biomass has been recognized as renewable energy to reduce CO2 emission. Although fast pyrolysis has emerged as the most promising technology to convert organic materials to liquid fuels at shorter duration but it still faces some technical challenges in improving product yield, its quality and process energy efficiency. Microwave assisted pyrolysis of coal and biomass in the presence of microwave absorber provides distinctive environment to resolve these challenges. The microwave absorber can indirectly heat coal and biomass particles which are relatively microwave transparent and influence product yield and its quality by contributing as a catalytic precursor. The microwave heating of coal or biomass particles with microwave absorber shows efficient heating and sufficient contact of volatile or gas phase species with specific microwave absorber can improve fuel quality.

A review on microwave assisted pyrolysis of coal and biomass for fuel production

Non-woody biomass, having a lower lignin content than woody materials, is a common waste material found in agricultural processing plants and fields. Non-woody biomass is often bulky and has a comparatively low energy content. However, non-woody materials sourced from agricultural waste are abundant and cheap. Experimental studies into gasification of non-woody biomass have been conducted by various researchers. This paper reviews feedstock characteristics, pre-treatments, gasification methods, and future directions of this technology. Due to the heterogeneous nature of non-woody biomass, it is critical to apply suitable pre-treatments prior to gasification. Combining non-woody biomass with a small percentage of high grade carbon sourced from biochar or coal into fuel pellets for co-gasification has the potential to improve fuel quality. Synergistic effects of non-woody biomass-coal/charcoal co-gasification can also reduce tar formation and increase the occurrence of mineral based catalytic reactions. Factors influencing these effects are often complex and require further investigation. 15–20% of the energy content of fuel pellets may be needed to power the biomass pre-treatment process. The gasification of pelletised non-woody waste provides an attractive alternative fuel source to achieve agricultural energy self-sufficiency and off-grid operation.

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Gasification of non-woody biomass: A literature review

From the conventional use of biomass in the form of heating to the modern day use of biomass in the form of electricity generation and biofuel production, biomass has always been part of the evolution of mankind Modern day use of biomass is gradually becoming more complex, and engineering played an important role in defining different directions This review provides an overall view of biomass utilization through thermal treatment including combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification Efficient use of biomass with the desired output and minimizing the drawbacks are the core of the research, and marginal focus is being held on developing new techniques The variety of composition and uptake of different elements throughout the lifespan of biomass produces a mixture of results In general, it can be seen that the optimization was observed either in the form of chemical looping combustion to prevent greenhouse gas emission or in upgrading of bio-oil to produce biofuels The significant factor is the reaction co

A Combined Overview of Combustion, Pyrolysis, and Gasification of Biomass

An overview of inorganic particulate matter emission from coal/biomass/MSW combustion: Sampling and measurement, formation, distribution, inorganic composition and influencing factors

This review summarizes how the carbon cycle occurs and how to reduce CO2 emissions in highly efficient carbon utilization from the most abundant carbon source, coal. Nowadays, more and more attention has been paid to CO2 emissions and its myriad of sources. Much research has been undertaken on fossil energy and renewable energy and current existing problems, challenges and opportunities in controlling and reducing CO2 emission with technologies of CO2 capture, utilization, and storage. The coal chemical industry is a crucial area in the (CO2 value chain) Carbon Cycle. The realization of clean and effective conversion of coal resources, improving the utilization and efficiency of resources, whilst reducing CO2 emissions is a key area for further development and investigation by the coal chemical industry. Under a weak carbon mitigation policy, the value and price of products from coal conversion are suggested in the carbon cycle.

Carbon cycle in advanced coal chemical engineering.

Ash contents and ash-forming elements of biomass and their significance for solid biofuel combustion

Pathway of biomass-potassium migration in co-gasification of coal and biomass

Impact of biomass on energy and element utilization efficiency during co-gasification with coal

Thermodynamic feasibility for molybdenum-based gaseous oxides assisted looping coal gasification and its derived power plant

The invention relates to a catalyst for coal gasification, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the catalyst for coal gasification comprises the step of carrying out co-pyrolysis on feed coal and biomass rich in alkali metal K and Na. The invention provides a preparation method of the catalyst for coal gasification. The preparation method has simple process, is low-cost, and is green and environment-friendly. In addition, technical problems in the prior art, such as alkali metal recovery, recycling and cost, which restrain the catalytic coal gasification process, are solved.

Song Yuncai

Papers

Ash contents and ash-forming elements of biomass and their significance for solid biofuel combustion

Pathway of biomass-potassium migration in co-gasification of coal and biomass

Impact of biomass on energy and element utilization efficiency during co-gasification with coal

Thermodynamic feasibility for molybdenum-based gaseous oxides assisted looping coal gasification and its derived power plant

Catalyst for coal gasification, preparation method and application thereof