Showing papers by "Stephen M. Roth published in 2005"
TL;DR: The androgen receptor CAG repeat polymorphism is associated with FFM in men in two independent cohorts and additional studies are needed to confirm this observation and to clarify the mechanisms involved.
Abstract: The human androgen receptor (AR) gene contains a CAG (glutamine) repeat polymorphism in exon 1 that is inversely associated with transcriptional activity of the AR. We studied the association of AR...
116 citations
TL;DR: Data suggest that the IGF1 promoter polymorphism may influence the strength response to ST, and larger sample sizes should be used in future studies to verify these results.
Abstract: Strength training (ST) is considered an intervention of choice for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. Reports in the literature have suggested that the insulin-like growth factor I protein...
111 citations
TL;DR: The objective is to determine the influence of angiotensinogen (AGT) A–20C, M235 T, and angiotENSin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) A1166C genotypes on resting blood pressure response to strength training (ST) in older men and women.
Abstract: Objectives: To determine the influence of angiotensinogen (AGT) A–20C, M235 T, and angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AGTR1) A1166C genotypes on resting blood pressure (BP) response to strength training (ST) in older men and women.
Design: Prospective intervention study with retrospective genotyping.
Setting: University of Maryland Exercise Physiology Laboratory.
Participants: Seventy sedentary, healthy older men (n=34) and women (n=36).
Intervention: Approximately 23 weeks of ST performed 3 days per week.
Measurements: Resting BP was measured on six separate occasions before and after ST for each subject. AGT and AGTR1 genotyping was performed retrospectively from each subject's genomic deoxyribonucleic acid.
Results: Systolic BP decreased in C-allele carriers at the AGT A–20C locus with ST (122±1 to 116±2 mmHg, P<.05), which was significantly greater than the decrease in the A homozygotes (126±1 to 123±1 mmHg, P<.05). At the AGTR1 A1166C locus, diastolic BP decreased to a greater extent in the C-allele carriers (76±1 to 70±2 mmHg, P<.05) than in the A homozygotes (75±1 to 72±1 mmHg, P<.05).
Conclusion: The AGT A–20C and AGTR1 A1166C genotypes may influence resting BP response to ST, such that C-allele carriers at each of these loci reduce their resting BP in response to ST to a greater extent than A homozygotes.
34 citations
TL;DR: It is indicated that VDR FokI genotype may influence femoral neck BMD response to ST, but not AT, and the heterozygotes in the ST group approached a significantly greater increase in femoralneck BMD compared to f homozygotes.
Abstract: To determine the influence of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene FokI and BsmI genotype on bone mineral density response to two exercise training modalities, 206 healthy men and women (50-81 years old) were studied before and after approximately 5-6 months of either aerobic exercise training (AT) or strength training (ST). A totla of 123 subjects completed AT (51 men, 72 women) and 83 subjects completed ST (40 men, 43 women). DNA was extracted from blood samples of all subjects and genotyping was performed at the VDR FokI and BsmI locus to determine its association to training response. Total body, greater trochanter and femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) were measured before and after both training programmes using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. VDR BsmI genotype was not significantly related to BMD at baseline or after ST or AT. However, VDR FokI genotype was significantly related to ST- but not AT-induced changes in femoral neck BMD (P < 0.05). The heterozygotes (Ff) in the ST group approached a significantly greater increase in femoral neck BMD (P = 0.058) compared to f homozygotes. There were no significant genotype relationships in the AT group. These data indicate that VDR FokI genotype may influence femoral neck BMD response to ST, but not AT.
31 citations
TL;DR: The IL6 genotype is associated with HDL-C response to exercise training in 50- to 75-year-olds studied before and after 24 weeks of aerobic exercise training.
21 citations
TL;DR: Differential motor unit responses were observed between CNTF genotypes at force levels utilized in daily activities, suggesting more efficient motor unit function with increasing muscle force.
Abstract: Background
Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) is important for neuronal and muscle development, and genetic variation in the CNTF gene has been associated with muscle strength. The effect of CNTF on nerve development suggests that CNTF genotype may be associated with force production via its influence on motor unit size and firing patterns. The purpose of this study is to examine whether CNTF genotype differentially affects motor unit activation in the vastus medialis with increasing isometric force during knee extension.
11 citations
TL;DR: The CYP11B2 -344C/T gene appears to influence the responses of hypertensive phenotypes to AEX in middle-aged to older prehypertensives and BP and PA levels appear to be more responsive to Aex in Caucasians compared to AD.
3 citations
1 citations