Background
During the COVID-19 pandemic general medical complications have received the most attention, whereas only few studies address the potential direct effect on mental health of SARS-CoV-2 and the neurotropic potential. Furthermore, the indirect effects of the pandemic on general mental health are of increasing concern, particularly since the SARS-CoV-1 epidemic (2002–2003) was associated with psychiatric complications.

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COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence.

OVERVIEW The GRA Marketing Internship Program is offered to students who are interested in gaining valuable work experience through efforts in marketing, membership, sales, and events. Interns work directly to assist the Director of Marketing and Communications on various tasks relating to upcoming GRA events. During this internship, students will work a minimum of 10 hours a week and a maximum of 20 hours a week. Students are encouraged to earn credit for their internship, however this is a paid internship. Students interested in obtaining credit for their internship must consult their academic advisor or the intern coordinator at their academic unit.

Role of WHO.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused enormous psychological impact worldwide. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on the psychological and mental impact of COVID-19 among healthcare workers, the general population, and patients with higher COVID-19 risk published between 1 Nov 2019 to 25 May 2020. We conducted literature research using Embase, PubMed, Google scholar and WHO COVID-19 databases. Among the initial search of 9207 studies, 62 studies with 162,639 participants from 17 countries were included in the review. The pooled prevalence of anxiety and depression was 33% (95% confidence interval: 28%-38%) and 28% (23%-32%), respectively. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was the highest among patients with pre-existing conditions and COVID-19 infection (56% [39%-73%] and 55% [48%-62%]), and it was similar between healthcare workers and the general public. Studies from China, Italy, Turkey, Spain and Iran reported higher-than-pooled prevalence among healthcare workers and the general public. Common risk factors included being women, being nurses, having lower socioeconomic status, having high risks of contracting COVID-19, and social isolation. Protective factors included having sufficient medical resources, up-to-date and accurate information, and taking precautionary measures. In conclusion, psychological interventions targeting high-risk populations with heavy psychological distress are in urgent need.

The psychological and mental impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on medical staff and general public - A systematic review and meta-analysis.

How mental health care should change as a consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown has brought about a sense of fear and anxiety around the globe. This phenomenon has led to short term as well as long term psychosocial and mental health implications for children and adolescents. The quality and magnitude of impact on minors is determined by many vulnerability factors like developmental age, educational status, pre-existing mental health condition, being economically underprivileged or being quarantined due to infection or fear of infection. Aims This paper is aimed at narratively reviewing various articles related to mental-health aspects of children and adolescents impacted by COVID-19 pandemic and enforcement of nationwide or regional lockdowns to prevent further spread of infection. Methodology We conducted a review and collected articles and advisories on mental health aspects of children and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. We selected articles and thematically organized them. We put up their major findings under the thematic areas of impact on young children, school and college going students, children and adolescents with mental health challenges, economically underprivileged children, impact due to quarantine and separation from parents and the advisories of international organizations. We have also provided recommendations to the above. Conclusion There is a pressing need for planning longitudinal and developmental studies, and implementing evidence based elaborative plan of action to cater to the psycho social and mental health needs of the vulnerable children and adolescents during pandemic as well as post pandemic. There is a need to ameliorate children and adolescents’ access to mental health support services geared towards providing measures for developing healthy coping mechanisms during the current crisis. For this innovative child and adolescent mental health policies policies with direct and digital collaborative networks of psychiatrists, psychologists, paediatricians, and community volunteers are deemed necessary.

Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations.

Exposure to pornography is not an uncommon and unusual phenomenon in the digital era, with teens being no exception. Exposure to pornography among teens may happen accidentally, out of curiosity, or intentionally to derive sexual excitement. Many individuals exposed to pornography may later develop pornography addiction. Most parents who are aware that their children view pornography are often worried about such behavior and sometimes seek help from mental health professionals. So, it can be certainly said that exposure to pornography among teens may cause significant distress in them and their parents. As pornography is a major source of sex education for a large number of teens, lots of myth and misguided information are harbored from watching pornography. This article focuses on the mental health aspects of pornography exposure among teens and the possible remedial measures.

Teen Pornography: An Emerging Mental Health Challenge

Background: Mass media has a diverse effect on suicidal behavior and has a significant impact on framing prevention strategies for the general population. However, the quality of news reporting of suicide has not been assessed in Iran adequately specially during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim: The study aimed to evaluate the quality of online news reporting of suicidal behavior in Iran against the World Health Organization (WHO) suicide reporting guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We analyzed the news reports to recognize the reporting characteristics and compared them with the WHO guidelines. A search was carried out in March and April 2021 on Google using the term "suicide news in Iran," and online news stories published in the Farsi language from January to December 2020, were extracted. Results: A total of 125 news reports was retrieved from thirteen newspapers where all the reports were published in Farsi. Among the reports, 50 (40%) mentioned the name, and 62 (49.6%) mentioned the occupation of the deceased. The name of the method was mentioned in 111 (88.9%) reports, mono causality was reported in 49 (39.2%) reports, the word "suicide" was mentioned in the headline in 117 (93.6%) reports, a method was reported in the headline in 34 (27.2%) reports, and 32 (25.6%) reports published the photo of the deceased. Only four (3.2%) reports mentioned psychiatric disorders, 13 (10.4%) disseminated expert opinion, and none of the reports cited prevention program, helpful contact identity, or education material. Conclusion: The study showed Farsi news reports were not firmly compliant with WHO guidelines for reporting suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic. Further studies are warranted considering these findings to change into accountable media reporting and to shape the prevention strategies. 

Quality of Online Media Reporting of Suicidal Behavior in Iran during COVID-19 pandemic in Reference to the World Health Organization Guidelines

This review aims to discuss the role of repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) in schizophrenia for the management of persistent auditory hallucination, along with the predictors of response. Schizophrenia is a chronic, highly disabling, severe mental illness. Antipsychotic medications are the mainstay of treatment in schizophrenia. Despite adequate pharmacotherapy, a considerable number of patients remain symptomatic, for which brain stimulation (neuromodulation) techniques like electroconvulsive therapy, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct current stimulation are being increasingly used. Persistent auditory hallucination resistant to pharmacotherapy (antipsychotic treatment) is a therapeutic challenge. It is found to be due to abnormal hyperactivity of the neurons at the temporo-parietal junction of dominant hemisphere. Commonly, low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation has been used in the treatment of medication-resistant auditory hallucination. Various factors predict the response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in the management of resistant auditory hallucination. Identification of various predictors will guide clinicians in the appropriate selection of rTMS to target auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Persistent Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenia: Predictors of Response

In recent years, the Indian government has been promoting healthcare with an insufficient evidence base, or which is non-evidence-based, alongside delivery of evidence-based care by untrained practitioners, through supportive legislation and guidelines. The Mental Health Care Act, 2017, is a unique example of a law endorsing such practices. In this paper, we aim to highlight the positive and negative implications of such practices for the delivery of good quality mental healthcare in India.

COMMENT: Alternative medicine under the Mental Health Care Act, 2017: Future implications and concerns.

Hypersexuality has been a debated disorder, which has not been able to secure its place into the classificatory systems. This article was aimed to report a female with hypersexuality in Ban...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2631831819898933

Sujita Kumar Kar

Papers

Teen Pornography: An Emerging Mental Health Challenge

Quality of Online Media Reporting of Suicidal Behavior in Iran during COVID-19 pandemic in Reference to the World Health Organization Guidelines

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Persistent Auditory Hallucination in Schizophrenia: Predictors of Response

COMMENT: Alternative medicine under the Mental Health Care Act, 2017: Future implications and concerns.

Hypersexuality in a Bangladeshi Female: A Case Report: