Showing papers by "Surender Singh published in 2015"

Medicinal plants with potential anti-arthritic activity:

Abstract: Ethno pharmacological relevance: Traditional medicinal plants are practiced worldwide for treatment of arthritis especially in developing countries where resources are meagre. This review presents the plants profiles inhabiting throughout the world regarding their traditional usage by various tribes/ethnic groups for treatment of arthritis. Materials and methods: Bibliographic investigation was carried out by analysing classical text books and peer reviewed papers, consulting worldwide accepted scientific databases from the last six decades. Plants/their parts/extracts/polyherbal formulations/toxicity studies for arthritis have been included in the review article. The profiles presented also include information about the scientific name, family, dose, methodology along with mechanism of action and toxicity profile. Research status of twenty potential plant species has been discussed. Further, geographical distribution of research, plants distribution according to families has been given in graphical form. Results: 485 plant species belonging to 100 families, traditionally used in arthritis are used. Among 100 plant families, malvaceae constitute 16, leguminasae 7, fabaceae 13, euphorbiaceae 7, compositae 20, araceae 7, solanaceae 12, liliaceae 9, apocynaceae, lauraceae and rubiaceae 10, and remaining in lesser proportion. It was observed in our study that majority of researches are carried mainly in developing countries like India, China, Korea and Nigeria. Conclusion: This review clearly indicates that list of medicinal plants presented in this review might be useful to researchers as well as practioners. This review can be useful for preliminary screening of potential anti- arthritis plants. Further toxicity profile given in the review can be useful for the researchers for finding the safe dose.

Anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of UNIM-301 (a polyherbal unani formulation) in Wistar rats.

Abstract: Background: UNIM-301 is a polyherbal formulation used in the Unani system of medicine for the treatment of joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Objective: The objective was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of UNIM-301 in carrageenan-induced paw edema and complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis. Materials and Methods: The anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of UNIM-301 was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema and CFA induced animal arthritis models, respectively, in doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg body weight. Anti-inflammatory activity of UNIM-301 was evaluated using carrageenan-induced paw edema model using a digital plethysmometer. Anti-arthritic activity was evaluated using CFA induced arthritis, and joint sizes were measured at regular intervals using a micrometer screw gauge. Serum was collected and subjected to estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokine. Indomethacin 3 mg/kg body weight) was used as a standard drug in both the models. The acute and chronic toxicity study was carried out to evaluate the safety of the test drug. Results: UNIM-301 treatment produced a dose-dependent reduction in paw edema and paw thickness in carrageenan-induced paw edema and CFA-induced arthritis, respectively, as compared to control. UNIM 301 also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory mediator in a dose-dependent manner as compared to control. Conclusion: The result of the present study suggests that anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activity of UNIM-301, which might be accredited to inhibitory activity on pro-inflammatory cytokines to its various individual constituents.

In vivo antiarthritic activity of Rosa centifolia L. flower extract.

Abstract: Introduction:Rosa centifolia L. (Rosaceae) have been used for the treatment of joint pain and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the traditional system of medicine. Aim: In this study, the antiarthritic activity of the alcoholic extract from the floral parts of R. centifolia was investigated. Materials and Methods: The anti-inflammatory and antiarthritic activity of R. centifolia alcoholic extract (RCAE: 32, 64, and 128 mg/kg) was evaluated using the carrageenan-induced paw edema and complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis model. Serum from arthritic rats was collected for the estimation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Further, the safety of RCAE was evaluated in an acute and sub-acute (28-day) oral toxicity study. Results: RCAE (64 and 128 mg/kg) significantly (P < 0.01) inhibited carrageenan-induced paw edema at 1, 3, and 6 h post carrageenan challenge and demonstrated significant (P < 0.01) antiarthritic activity on days 3, 7, 14, and 21 day following CFA immunization. Further, RCAE (128 mg/kg) treatment also produced a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in circulating pro-inflammatory cytokine levels as compared with control. Further, no toxicologically significant treatment-related effects were observed in the oral sub-acute toxicity study conducted with the extract. Conclusion: The result of study demonstrates the antiarthritic activity of R. centifolia and validates its traditional use for the treatment of RA.

Role of homoeopathic mother tinctures in rheumatoid arthritis: An experimental study

Abstract: Objectives: The objective of present preliminary study was to assess the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and anti-arthritic effect of some homoeopathic mother tinctures viz. Ricinus communis (RCMT), Rauwolfia serpentina (RSMT), Bellis perennis (BPMT), Curcuma longa (CLMT), Terminalia arjuna (TAMT) and Tribulus terresteris (TTMT). Materials and Methods: Paw oedema was induced by administration of 0.1ml 1% carrageenan in normal saline into right hind paw. Degree of inflammation was evaluated according to paw swelling. Arthritis was induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) injection in metatarsal footpad of Wistar albino rats. Result: Curcuma longa and Tribulus terresteris mother tinctures reduced hind paw swelling decreased the paw volume in Carrageenan treated rats. Thus, revealed potent activity against inflammation. All homoeopathic mother tinctures showed peripheral analgesic activities in hot plate induced thermal algesia in mice.

Safety and efficacy of hydroalcoholic extract from Lawsonia inermis leaves on lipid profile in alloxan-induced diabetic rats.

Abstract: Introduction: Dyslipidemia is one of the most common risk factor for cardiac-related disorders in diabetes mellitus. Diabetic dyslipidemia is characterized by hypertriglyceridemia, low high density lipoprotein and elevated low density lipoprotein concentration. Aim: To explore the effect of Lawsonia inermis hydroalcoholic extract (LIHE) for diabetic dyslipidemic activity along with its safety profile. Materials and Methods: LIHE administered at doses of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg in rats after induction of hyperglycemia by alloxan. Insulin (1 IU/kg), glibenclamide (2.5 mg/kg), and metformin (100 mg/kg) were used as positive control and 1% gum acacia as normal control. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance, followed by Dunnett's t-test. Results: The percentage reduction in blood glucose level of LIHE at dose of 400 mg/kg was 39.08% on day 21 when compared to baseline (day 0), which is comparable to glibenclamide (44.77%) and metformin (46.30%). Decrease in blood glucose level exhibited significant improvement in lipid profile, plasma albumin, total plasma protein and serum creatinine. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated that LIHE significantly improved lipid and lipoprotein pattern observed in diabetic rats and this could be due to improvement in insulin secretion or action, thus has potential to be used in treatment of diabetes mellitus associated dyslipidemia.

To Evaluate the Effect of Nasal Packing on Blood Oxygen Saturation

Abstract: Objective: To study the effect of nasal packing on blood oxygen saturation. Materials and methods: Study was conducted on 30 patients of deviated nasal septum, who underwent septoplasty under local anesthesia followed by anterior nasal packing. The pulse oximetry was carried out three times on each patient to record the blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) by using digital pulse oximeter. The first reading of SpO2 was taken before nasal packing, second after 24 hours of nasal packing and third 3 weeks after surgery. Statistical analysis was done by Chi-square test and paired t-test. Results: A total of 33.3% patients were below 20 years of age, whereas 60% were between 20 and 30 years of age and 6.7% were above 30 years. Males were 80%. It was observed that preoperative mean SpO2 was 98.3 ± 0.794%, after 24 hours of nasal packing was 97.17 ± 1.744% and 3 weeks after surgery was 98.87 ± 0.629%. On statistical analysis, the difference in SpO2 was highly significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The application of nasal packs can be risky in old patients, more so having cardiopulmonary disease. The use of packs with airflow is recommended in these patients who should ideally be monitored with pulse oximetry.

Enhanced Neurobehavioral Effects of Jadwar (Delphinium denudatum) Aqueous Fraction by Applying Nanotechnology Based Approach

Abstract: Delphinium denudatum Wall. (Ranunculaceae) is an indigenous medicinal herb popularly known as ‘Jadwar ’widely used in traditional Unani system of medicine for the treatment of a variety of human ailments including epilepsy. In order to increase the bioavailability, the nanophytosome of the Delphinium denudatum root aqueous fraction (DNP) was prepared, characterized and evaluated.

Gastro protective potential of chloroform leaves extract of Barleria prionitis Linn. : From traditional use to scientific approach

Abstract: Aim and objective: Barleria prionitis L. (Acanthaceae) popularly known as Vajradanti is a medicinal plant found road side in India and used traditionally for various treatments like toothache, inflammation, boils and glandular swellings. The leaves are used in the treatment of gastric ulcer in folk medicine. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the gastro protective activity of chloroform extract of leaves of Barleria prionitis Linn., using experimental in-vivo models. Methods: Gastroprotection of B. prionitis was evaluated in rodent experimental models (indomethacin and pylorus ligation). In order to evaluate the effect of extracts on nitric oxide, ulcer was induced by ethanol in L -NAME pretreated animals. Results: Results showed that B. prionitis chloroform extract (BPC), as well as ethyl acetate (EABP) fraction provided significant gastroprotection at tested doses in indomethacin method. Thereby, following protocols were performed using the lowest dose capable of producing the most effective gastroprotection, which were the EABP (125 and 250 mg/kg). The gastroprotective effect of EABP was not reversed by pretreatment with L -NAME. Conclusion: Our study of gastroprotective effect of B. prionitis reinforces its traditional medicinal uses. B. prionitis may serve as a promising alternative therapy both by cytroprotective and antisecretory methods.

Effect of different preservatives on the storage of ber pulp

Abstract: The pulp of ber cv Kaithali was pasteurized and stored with addition of preservatives viz KMS (potassium metabisulphite) @ 2000 ppm SO2, SB (sodium benzoate) @ 2000 ppm SO2, KMS + SB @ 1000 ppm SO2 each and sugar equivalent to 70°B. Initial acidity of pulp was maintained at 0.2 per cent by adding citric acid and it was stored in glass bottles for three months at ambient temperature. Observations on TSS, acidity, sugars (reducing and non-reducing), ascorbic acid and non-enzymatic browning were recorded in each treatment at monthly intervals. After the storage of three months sugar equivalent to 70°B resulted in maximum TSS, total sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and non-enzymatic browning whereas minimum ascorbic acid. Among the chemical treatments KMS had highest TSS, ascorbic acid and reducing sugars followed by KMS + SB and sugar equivalent to 70°B. Reverse trend was observed in non-reducing sugars and non-enzymatic browning. Total soluble solids, total sugars, reducing sugars and non-enzymatic browning increased with increase in storage period whereas acidity, ascorbic acid and non-reducing sugars decreased with increase in storage period of pulp.