Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants

Effect of exogenous salicylic acid under changing environment: a review

Heavy metal contamination of soil and water causing toxicity/stress has become one important constraint to crop productivity and quality. This situation has further worsened by the increasing population growth and inherent food demand. It have been reported in several studies that counterbalancing toxicity, due to heavy metal requires complex mechanisms at molecular, biochemical, physiological, cellular, tissue and whole plant level, which might manifest in terms of improved crop productivity. Recent advances in various disciplines of biological sciences such as metabolomics, transcriptomics, proteomics etc. have assisted in the characterization of metabolites, transcription factors, stress-inducible proteins involved in heavy metal tolerance, which in turn can be utilized for generating heavy metal tolerant crops. This review summarizes various tolerance strategies of plants under heavy metal toxicity, covering the role of metabolites (metabolomics), trace elements (ionomics), transcription factors (transcriptomics), various stress-inducible proteins (proteomics) as well as the role of plant hormones. We also provide a glance at strategies adopted by metal accumulating plants also known as “metallophytes”.

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Heavy Metal Tolerance in Plants: Role of Transcriptomics, Proteomics, Metabolomics, and Ionomics.

Effects of brassinosteroids on the plant responses to environmental stresses.

Brassinosteroids (BRs) are a group of polyhydroxylated plant steroid hormones crucial for many aspects of plant life. BRs were originally characterized for their function in cell elongation, but it is becoming clear that they play major roles in plant growth, development and responses to several stresses such as temperature and drought. A BR signaling pathway from cell surface receptors to central transcription factors has been well characterized. Here we summarize recent progress towards understanding the BR pathway including BR perception and the molecular mechanisms of BR signaling. Next, we discuss the roles of BRs in development and stress responses. Finally, we show how knowledge of the BR pathway is being applied to manipulate the growth and stress responses in crops. These studies highlight the complex regulation of BR signaling, multiple points of crosstalk between BRs and other hormones or stress responses, and finely tuned spatiotemporal regulation of BR signaling.

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Brassinosteroids: Multidimensional Regulators of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses.

A role for brassinosteroids in the amelioration of aluminium stress through antioxidant system in mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

Plants of Lycopersicon esculentum L. cv. K-25 were subjected to water stress by withholding water for 10 days at 20 (WS I) and 30 (WS II) days after sowing (DAS). Seedlings were sprayed with double distilled water (DDW) or 10−5M salicylic acid (SA) at 45 DAS. The water stress at earlier stage of growth (20 day stage) was more inhibitory as compared to the later stage (30 day stage). The plants exposed to water stress exhibited a significant (p<0.05) decline in photosynthetic parameters, membrane stability index (MSI), leaf water potential, activity of nitrate reductase (NR), carbonic anhydrase (CA), chlorophyll and relative water content (RWC). A follow-up treatment with SA protected against the stress generated by water and significantly improved the above parameters. However, proline content and antioxidant enzymes increased under drought as well as under SA treatments.

Growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in response to salicylic acid under water stress

28-homobrassinolide protects chickpea (Cicer arietinum) from cadmium toxicity by stimulating antioxidants.

Effect of 28-homobrassinolide on photosynthesis, fluorescence and antioxidant system in the presence or absence of salinity and temperature in Vigna radiata

Syed Aiman Hasan

Papers

A role for brassinosteroids in the amelioration of aluminium stress through antioxidant system in mung bean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek)

Growth of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) in response to salicylic acid under water stress

28-homobrassinolide protects chickpea (Cicer arietinum) from cadmium toxicity by stimulating antioxidants.

Effect of 28-homobrassinolide on photosynthesis, fluorescence and antioxidant system in the presence or absence of salinity and temperature in Vigna radiata

Brassinosteroids protect photosynthetic machinery against the cadmium induced oxidative stress in two tomato cultivars.