Singular Integral Equations. By N.I. Muskhelishvili. Translated fromthe 2nd Russian edition by J.R.M. Radok. Pp. 447. F1. 28.50. 1953. (Noordhoff, Groningen)

The Bonn Meson Exchange Model for the Nucleon Nucleon Interaction

Nuclear forces can be systematically derived using effective chiral Lagrangians consistent with the symmetries of QCD. I review the status of the calculations for two- and three-nucleon forces and their applications in few-nucleon systems. I also address issues like the quark mass dependence of the nuclear forces and resonance saturation for four-nucleon operators.

/pdf/modern-theory-of-nuclear-forces-436h635pm0.pdf

Modern theory of nuclear forces

Nowadays it has become customary in nuclear physics to denote by “tradition” the approach that considers nucleons and mesons as the relevant degrees of freedom. It is the purpose of this chapter to review this “traditional” approach in the area of nuclear forces and their applications to nuclear structure.

The Meson Theory of Nuclear Forces and Nuclear Structure

Neutron star observations: Prognosis for equation of state constraints

Two-particle states in 210Pb, 210Bi and 210Po with realistic forces

Structure of finite nuclei and the free nucleon-nucleon interaction: General discussion of the effective force

Nearly degenerate partner bands observed in $A\ensuremath{\sim}130$ odd-odd triaxial nuclei are interpreted as a manifestation of chirality in the intrinsic reference frame. A phenomenological approach, based on a core-particle-hole coupling model, has been developed to address the experimental observables. This laboratory-frame model, in which chiral symmetry has been restored, includes a triaxial core, a particle/hole single-particle Hamiltonian, and quadrupole-quadrupole interactions. The optimal model parameters are investigated. The results of the calculations indicate the existence of pairs of $\ensuremath{\pi}{h}_{11/2}{\ensuremath{\nu}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}{h}_{11/2}$ states with the same spin, parity, and similar excitation energy forming partner bands that are nearly degenerate over a range of spins. These calculated partner bands are consistent with the chiral band interpretation and are in agreement with experimental observations in this region. This model has been applied to excited states in ${}^{132}\mathrm{La},$ which have been studied via the ${}^{123}\mathrm{Sb}{(}^{13}\mathrm{C},4n)$ reaction using \ensuremath{\gamma}-ray spectroscopic techniques. In addition to the yrast $\ensuremath{\pi}{h}_{11/2}{\ensuremath{\nu}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}{h}_{11/2}$ band, the partner band was observed with experimental properties consistent with the same $\ensuremath{\pi}{h}_{11/2}{\ensuremath{\nu}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}{h}_{11/2}$ configuration. These doublet bands resemble those observed systematically for several $N=75$ isotones of ${}^{132}\mathrm{La}.$

Role of chirality in angular momentum coupling for A¨130 odd-odd triaxial nuclei: 132 La

Exploiting certain robust topological inputs from the skyrmion description of compressed baryonic matter with a scale-chiral symmetric Lagrangian, we predict the equation of state that is consistent with the properties of nuclear matter at the equilibrium density, supports the maximum mass of massive compact star $\sim 2 M_\odot$ and surprisingly gives the sound velocity close to the "conformal velocity" $1/\sqrt{3}$ at densities $\gtrsim 3 n_0$. At the core of this result is the observation that parity-doubling occurs in the nucleon structure as density goes above $\sim 2n_0$ with a chiral-singlet mass $m_0 \sim (0.6-0.9) m_N$, hinting at a possible up-to-date unsuspected source of proton mass and an emergence at high density of scale symmetry and flavor local symmetry, both hidden in the QCD vacuum.

T.T.S. Kuo

Papers

Two-particle states in 210Pb, 210Bi and 210Po with realistic forces

Structure of finite nuclei and the free nucleon-nucleon interaction: General discussion of the effective force

Role of chirality in angular momentum coupling for A¨130 odd-odd triaxial nuclei: 132 La

Scale-Invariant Hidden Local Symmetry, Topology Change and Dense Baryonic Matter II

Shell-Model Effective Interactions and the Free Nucleon-Nucleon Interaction