March 5, 2019 e1 WRITING GROUP MEMBERS Emelia J. Benjamin, MD, ScM, FAHA, Chair Paul Muntner, PhD, MHS, FAHA, Vice Chair Alvaro Alonso, MD, PhD, FAHA Marcio S. Bittencourt, MD, PhD, MPH Clifton W. Callaway, MD, FAHA April P. Carson, PhD, MSPH, FAHA Alanna M. Chamberlain, PhD Alexander R. Chang, MD, MS Susan Cheng, MD, MMSc, MPH, FAHA Sandeep R. Das, MD, MPH, MBA, FAHA Francesca N. Delling, MD, MPH Luc Djousse, MD, ScD, MPH Mitchell S.V. Elkind, MD, MS, FAHA Jane F. Ferguson, PhD, FAHA Myriam Fornage, PhD, FAHA Lori Chaffin Jordan, MD, PhD, FAHA Sadiya S. Khan, MD, MSc Brett M. Kissela, MD, MS Kristen L. Knutson, PhD Tak W. Kwan, MD, FAHA Daniel T. Lackland, DrPH, FAHA Tené T. Lewis, PhD Judith H. Lichtman, PhD, MPH, FAHA Chris T. Longenecker, MD Matthew Shane Loop, PhD Pamela L. Lutsey, PhD, MPH, FAHA Seth S. Martin, MD, MHS, FAHA Kunihiro Matsushita, MD, PhD, FAHA Andrew E. Moran, MD, MPH, FAHA Michael E. Mussolino, PhD, FAHA Martin O’Flaherty, MD, MSc, PhD Ambarish Pandey, MD, MSCS Amanda M. Perak, MD, MS Wayne D. Rosamond, PhD, MS, FAHA Gregory A. Roth, MD, MPH, FAHA Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson, MD, MBA, MPH, FAHA Gary M. Satou, MD, FAHA Emily B. Schroeder, MD, PhD, FAHA Svati H. Shah, MD, MHS, FAHA Nicole L. Spartano, PhD Andrew Stokes, PhD David L. Tirschwell, MD, MS, MSc, FAHA Connie W. Tsao, MD, MPH, Vice Chair Elect Mintu P. Turakhia, MD, MAS, FAHA Lisa B. VanWagner, MD, MSc, FAST John T. Wilkins, MD, MS, FAHA Sally S. Wong, PhD, RD, CDN, FAHA Salim S. Virani, MD, PhD, FAHA, Chair Elect On behalf of the American Heart Association Council on Epidemiology and Prevention Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2019 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Each chapter listed in the Table of Contents (see next page) is a hyperlink to that chapter. The reader clicks the chapter name to access that chapter.

Each chapter listed here is a hyperlink. Click on the chapter name to be taken to that chapter. 

Each year, the American Heart Association (AHA), in conjunction with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and other government agencies, brings together in a single document the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and the cardiovascular risk factors listed in the AHA’s My Life Check - Life’s Simple 7 (Figure1), which include core health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, diet, and weight) and health factors (cholesterol, blood pressure [BP], and glucose control) that contribute to cardiovascular health. The Statistical Update represents …

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2018 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports on the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovas...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2020 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association

Background: The American Heart Association, in conjunction with the National Institutes of Health, annually reports the most up-to-date statistics related to heart disease, stroke, and cardiovascul...

Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2021 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association.

https://www.commed.vcu.edu/Chronic_Disease/2012/cochranrvwrschbias.pdf

The Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials

Importance
Subclinical leaflet thrombosis affects approximately 15% of patients after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The pathophysiology and clinical significance of leaflet thrombosis remain incompletely understood. Defining the optimal management strategy in patients who are asymptomatic, including the role for oral anticoagulation (OAC), is a key challenge for the field.


Observations
Three recent randomized trials have evaluated the role of OAC in patients after TAVR. These studies have confirmed prior observational data suggesting that OAC is effective at prevention of subclinical leaflet thrombosis. Overall, however, OAC does not lead to a clinical benefit over the period studied, and in some patients may be harmful owing to bleeding risk.


Conclusions and Relevance
Strategies for identification of patients in whom the benefit of OAC outweighs the risks are required for optimization of long-term outcome after TAVR. This requires clearer insights into the mechanisms of asymptomatic leaflet thrombosis, its clinical significance, and patient-specific risks of bleeding and structural valve degeneration.

Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis and Anticoagulation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review.

Infective Endocarditis After Invasive Medical and Surgical Procedures.

Percutaneous closure of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) reduces stroke in appropriately selected patients ([1][1]). PFO screening typically employs agitated saline injection into the brachiocephalic vein, which drains via the superior vena cava (SVC) to the right atrium. Bubbles bypassing the lungs are

Serial Shunt Evaluation Reveals Limitations of Contemporary Screening Studies for Patent Foramen Ovale.

Safety and operational efficiency of restructuring and redeploying a transcatheter aortic valve replacement service during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Oxford experience.

The Israel–Palestine conflict remains one of the most intractable and polarizing conflicts in the world. Originating with the formation of Israel in 1948 from the British Mandate of Palestine, the ...

The Palestinian territories: barriers to healthcare and medical education and the strategic role of distance-learning partnerships in education systems strengthening.

Thomas J. Cahill

Papers

Subclinical Leaflet Thrombosis and Anticoagulation After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review.

Infective Endocarditis After Invasive Medical and Surgical Procedures.

Serial Shunt Evaluation Reveals Limitations of Contemporary Screening Studies for Patent Foramen Ovale.

Safety and operational efficiency of restructuring and redeploying a transcatheter aortic valve replacement service during the COVID-19 pandemic: The Oxford experience.

The Palestinian territories: barriers to healthcare and medical education and the strategic role of distance-learning partnerships in education systems strengthening.