The talk with present the key results of the IPCC Working Group III 5th assessment report. Concluding four years of intense scientific collaboration by hundreds of authors from around the world, the report responds to the request of the world's governments for a comprehensive, objective and policy neutral assessment of the current scientific knowledge on mitigating climate change. The report has been extensively reviewed by experts and governments to ensure quality and comprehensiveness.

Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change

Rural land system reforms in China: History, issues, measures and prospects

This report lays out three steps for a smooth transition to a zero-carbon future and provides data, examples and policy advice to help countries makes the shift. Overview Getting to zero net emissions and stabilizing climate change starts with planning for the long-term future and not stopping at short-term goals. It means getting prices right as part of a broad policy package that can trigger changes in both investments and behaviors, and it requires smoothing the transition for those most affected. A new World Bank report walks policymakers through those three steps with data, examples and policy advice to help put countries on a path to decarbonizing their development in a smooth and orderly way. The solutions exist, and they are affordable – if governments take action today, the report says.

/pdf/decarbonizing-development-three-steps-to-a-zero-carbon-2d658ekuq3.pdf

Decarbonizing Development: Three Steps to a Zero-Carbon Future

REDD+ is one of the leading near-term options for global climate change mitigation More than 300 subnational REDD+ initiatives have been launched across the tropics, responding to both the call for demonstration activities in the Bali Action Plan and the market for voluntary carbon offset creditsThis book describes 23 initiatives in six different countries, including their:diverse biogeographic and socioeconomic contextsstrategies to reduce emissions over the three or more years that they have been in operationlocal populations of smallholders, whose agricultural activities are important drivers of deforestation in most sites and who are thus key stakeholders in these initiativesefforts to overcome or work around challenges in financing, implementing and monitoring REDD+Early expectations of significant funding for REDD+ encouraged proponent organizations to test a wide range of strategies to reduce emissions while also delivering co-benefits Only some have chosen the strategy of direct payments conditional on actions to reduce deforestation or degradation, and only a very few have sold carbon credits, demonstrating how REDD+ on the ground is actually a mix of old and new strategiesFaced with enormous challenges, proponents have developed a menu of ways to: secure financial support; clarify forest tenure; cooperate and act across scales; measure, report and verify emissions; and respond to the imperative of safeguarding local livelihoodsWhile subnational initiatives have successfully piloted and generated lessons for REDD+, many now face the choice of either ending or transforming into something else, due to the political uncertainty and funding constraints stemming from the failure to reach a global climate change agreement This book highlights both the critical importance of such an agreement and in its absence, the creative ways that subnational initiatives are operating on the groundContentsExecutive summaryPart 1 Introduction1 REDD+ on the ground: The need for scientific evidencePart 2 Case reportsBRAZIL2 Acre's State System of Incentives for Environmental Services (SISA), Brazil3 Bolsa Floresta, Brazil4 Cotriguacu Sempre Verde, Brazil: Conservation and sustainable management of natural resources5 Jari/Amapa REDD+ Project, Brazil6 Sustainable Landscapes Pilot Program in Sao Felix do Xingu, Brazil7 Sustainable Settlements in the Amazon, BrazilPERU8 The REDD Project in Brazil Nut Concessions in Madre de Dios, Peru9 Valuation of Environmental Services in the Managed Forests of Seven Indigenous Communities in Ucayali, PeruCAMEROON10 REDD+ around Mount Cameroon, southwest region of Cameroon11 Community Payments for Ecosystem Services in the south and east regions of CameroonTANZANIA12 Building REDD Readiness in the Masito Ugalla Ecosystem Pilot Area in Support of Tanzania’s National REDD Strategy13 Piloting REDD in Zanzibar Through Community Forest Management, Tanzania14 Making REDD Work for Communities and Forest Conservation in Tanzania15 Mpingo Conservation and Development Initiative: Combining REDD, PFM and FSC certification in southeastern Tanzania16 Pilot project on Community-Based REDD Mechanisms for Sustainable Forest Management in Semiarid Areas: The Case of Ngitilis in the Shinyanga Region, TanzaniaINDONESIA17 Kalimantan Forests and Climate Partnership, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia18 Katingan Peatland Restoration and Conservation Project, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia19 Ketapang Community Carbon Pools, West Kalimantan, Indonesia20 Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve Project, Central Kalimantan, Indonesia21 TNC's initiative within the Berau Forest Carbon Program, East Kalimantan, Indonesia22 Ulu Masen REDD+ initiative, Aceh, IndonesiaVIETNAM23 Cat Loc Landscape – Cat Tien National Park Pro-Poor REDD+ Project, VietnamPart 3 Synthesis24 REDD+ on the ground: Global insights from local contexts

REDD+ on the ground: A case book of subnational initiatives across the globe

The agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector is responsible for approximately 25% of anthropogenic GHG emissions mainly from deforestation and agricultural emissions from livestock, soil and nutrient management. Mitigation from the sector is thus extremely important in meeting emission reduction targets. The sector offers a variety of cost-competitive mitigation options with most analyses indicating a decline in emissions largely due to decreasing deforestation rates. Sustainability criteria are needed to guide development and implementation of AFOLU mitigation measures with particular focus on multifunctional systems that allow the delivery of multiple services from land. It is striking that almost all of the positive and negative impacts, opportunities and barriers are context specific, precluding generic statements about which AFOLU mitigation measures have the greatest promise at a global scale. This finding underlines the importance of considering each mitigation strategy on a case-by-case basis, systemic effects when implementing mitigation options on the national scale, and suggests that policies need to be flexible enough to allow such assessments. National and international agricultural and forest (climate) policies have the potential to alter the opportunity costs of specific land uses in ways that increase opportunities or barriers for attaining climate change mitigation goals. Policies governing practices in agriculture and in forest conservation and management need to account for both effective mitigation and adaptation and can help to orient practices in agriculture and in forestry towards global sharing of innovative technologies for the efficient use of land resources. Different policy instruments, especially economic incentives and regulatory approaches, are currently being applied however, for its successful implementation it is critical to understand how land-use decisions are made and how new social, political and economic forces in the future will influence this process.

/pdf/co-benefits-trade-offs-barriers-and-policies-for-greenhouse-18ze54oyhh.pdf

Co-benefits, trade-offs, barriers and policies for greenhouse gas mitigation in the agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU) sector.

A number of international donors, national governments and project proponents have begun to lay the groundwork for REDD+, but tenure insecurity - including the potential risks of land grabbing by outsiders and loss of local user rights to forests and forest land - is one of the main reasons that many indigenous and other local peoples have publicly opposed it. Under what conditions is REDD+ a threat to local rights, and under what conditions does it present an opportunity? This article explores these issues based on available data from a global comparative study on REDD+, led by the Center for International Forestry Research, which is studying national policies and processes in 12 countries and 23 REDD+ projects in 6 countries. The article analyses how tenure concerns are being addressed at both national and project level in emerging REDD+ programs. The findings suggest that in most cases REDD+ has clearly provided some new opportunities for securing local tenure rights, but that piecemeal interventions by project proponents at the local level are insufficient in the absence of broader, national programs for land tenure reform. The potential for substantial changes in the status quo appear unlikely, though Brazil - the only one with such a national land tenure reform program - offers useful insights. Land tenure reform - the recognition of customary rights in particular - and a serious commitment to REDD+ both challenge the deep-rooted economic and political interests of ‘business as usual'.

http://www.umb.no/statisk/ior/land_tenure_and_redd.pdf

Land tenure and REDD+: The good, the bad and the ugly

https://www.cifor.org/publications/pdf_files/articles/ASunderlin1801.pdf

Creating an appropriate tenure foundation for REDD+: The record to date and prospects for the future

Transparency in climate finance mechanisms, such as Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), relies on the transfer of information within a complex global web of state ...

Making REDD+ Transparent: Opportunities for Mobile Technology

............................................................................................................................................................ v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................................................ vi About the author ............................................................................................................................................. vi About the REDD Integrity project ............................................................................................................. v

/pdf/development-success-in-perspective-a-political-economy-of-3vdixhvjkv.pdf

Thu Ba Huynh

Papers

Land tenure and REDD+: The good, the bad and the ugly

Creating an appropriate tenure foundation for REDD+: The record to date and prospects for the future

Making REDD+ Transparent: Opportunities for Mobile Technology

Development success in perspective: A political economy of REDD+ and corruption in Vietnam