Iron-mediated activation of persulfate and peroxymonosulfate in both homogeneous and heterogeneous ways: A review

A review of the innovations in metal- and carbon-based catalysts explored for heterogeneous peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation, with focus on radical vs. non-radical degradation pathways of organic contaminants

Metal-free carbon materials for persulfate-based advanced oxidation process: Microstructure, property and tailoring

Uncertainty and misinterpretation over identification, quantification and transformation of reactive species generated in catalytic oxidation processes: A review.

N-doped carbonaceous materials are promising efficient catalysts for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation In this study, the high-efficient N-doped carbon materials were prepared by direct carbonization of polyaniline (PANI) at 700 °C–1000 °C It was optimized that the CPANI-9 (carbonized polyaniline prepared at 900 °C) exhibited excellent catalytic performance to activate PMS for phenol degradation, which was efficient over a wide pH range (pH 35∼9) In the CPANI-9/PMS system, the PMS adsorption/activation was identified as the key step determining the reaction rate The quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance demonstrated that the non-radical pathway was dominant in phenol degradation and singlet oxygen (1O2) was the main active specie Graphitic N, pyridinic N, defects and ketonic groups (C O) were identified as catalytic sites Interestingly, only the presence of PO43− greatly decreased the phenol degradation rate and PMS decomposition The CPANI-9/PMS system could also degrade effectively various organic pollutants, indicating that it had potential practical application

Carbonized polyaniline activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for phenol degradation: Role of PMS adsorption and singlet oxygen generation

A highly active mediator (Fe@N-doped graphene-like carbon) for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation was prepared by employing g-C3N4 assisting NH2-MIL-53(Fe) as the precursor. The addition of combined nitrogen sources (g-C3N4 and NH2 groups) not only stabilized the phase composition and framework morphology, but also improved PMS activation performance significantly. In addition, the introduction of g-C3N4 increased the surface area. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and radical quenching experiments identified singlet oxygen (1O2), superoxide radicals (O2•−), hydroxyl radicals (•OH), and sulfate radicals (SO4•−) as the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ether (ABEE) degradation via a combination process of nonradical and radical processes. The variable chemical valences of iron nanoparticles and quaternary-N, pyrrolic-N, pyridinic-N, and carbonyl (C=O) groups in the support contributed to the outstanding catalytic activity. A possible mechanism for PMS activation by Fe@N-doped graphene-like carbon for ABEE degradation was proposed, which involved sp2 hybridized carbon and electron-rich sp2 sites of the graphitic domain activating PMS via electron transfer. Intermediates were identified using liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-Q-TOF-MS). The degradation pathway of ABEE was reported for the first time in the advanced oxidation process field. Based on intermediate identification of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) degradation, six intermediates were first reported and a new reaction pathway established. This work provides a promising approach to the rational design of high-performance active mediators for environmental remediation.

Coupling metal–organic frameworks and g-C3N4 to derive Fe@N-doped graphene-like carbon for peroxymonosulfate activation: Upgrading framework stability and performance

Novel carbon based Fe-Co oxides derived from Prussian blue analogues activating peroxymonosulfate: Refractory drugs degradation without metal leaching

The invention relates to the fields of new material science and technology and environmental protection technology and particularly discloses a preparation method of a nitrogen-doped iron-carbon material with a core-shell structure and suitable for magnetic field recovery and an application method thereof in an advanced redox water treatment technology. The nitrogen-doped iron-containing metal organic framework is a high-performance iron-carbon composite material obtained through precursor one-step carbonization. The iron element in the material is mainly fixed in the form of zero-valent ironin the porous carbon material so that a core-shell structure is formed. The nitrogen-doped carbon material shell can protect the zero-valent iron and prolong the service life of the iron-carbon composite material. The iron-carbon composite material has the catalytic oxidation ability of an activated peroxide oxidant, can be applied to the advanced oxidation system, has good interface reducing ability of zero-valent iron and realizes efficient removal of multiple pollutants in the water.

Advanced redox water treatment technology based on nitrogen-doped iron-carbon material with core-shell structure and for magnetic field recovery

The invention discloses a method for preparing a porous carbon coated magnetic nano molten iron treatment composite material from a low-temperature pyrolysis metallic-organic frame (MOF), and an application method of the method in water treatment. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing graphite-phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) from urea, carrying out MOF in-situ coupling with aferric-containing MOF, and finally carrying out low-temperature pyrolysis in an inert atmosphere, thereby obtaining the porous carbon coated magnetic nano molten iron treatment composite material. Inthe composite material prepared by using the method, a ferric element mainly exists in porous carbon in modes of zero-valent iron and gamma-Fe2O3, is excellent in magnetism and easy in magnetic separation. By adopting a porous carbon layer, slow release of activated iron is achieved, iron mud can be avoided, and in addition, interface adsorption, catalytic oxidation and reduction reactions can befacilitated. By adopting the composite material, peroxide oxidants can be efficiently activated, efficient degradation of trace organic pollutants such as medicines and organic personal nursing articles in city living sewage can be achieved, and in addition, purification and detoxification of a plurality of types of oxysalt wastewater can be completed under the action of efficient interface reduction.

Tian Xing

Papers

Coupling metal–organic frameworks and g-C3N4 to derive Fe@N-doped graphene-like carbon for peroxymonosulfate activation: Upgrading framework stability and performance

Novel carbon based Fe-Co oxides derived from Prussian blue analogues activating peroxymonosulfate: Refractory drugs degradation without metal leaching

Advanced redox water treatment technology based on nitrogen-doped iron-carbon material with core-shell structure and for magnetic field recovery

Method for preparing porous carbon coated magnetic nano molten iron treatment composite material from low-temperature pyrolysis metallic-organic frame