http://www.geog.ucl.ac.uk/~mdisney/teaching/PPRS/papers/foody.pdf

Status of land cover classification accuracy assessment

Timely and accurate change detection of Earth's surface features is extremely important for understanding relationships and interactions between human and natural phenomena in order to promote better decision making. Remote sensing data are primary sources extensively used for change detection in recent decades. Many change detection techniques have been developed. This paper summarizes and reviews these techniques. Previous literature has shown that image differencing, principal component analysis and post-classification comparison are the most common methods used for change detection. In recent years, spectral mixture analysis, artificial neural networks and integration of geographical information system and remote sensing data have become important techniques for change detection applications. Different change detection algorithms have their own merits and no single approach is optimal and applicable to all cases. In practice, different algorithms are often compared to find the best change detection results for a specific application. Research of change detection techniques is still an active topic and new techniques are needed to effectively use the increasingly diverse and complex remotely sensed data available or projected to be soon available from satellite and airborne sensors. This paper is a comprehensive exploration of all the major change detection approaches implemented as found in the literature.

/pdf/change-detection-techniques-4g34rgajio.pdf

Change detection techniques

/pdf/remote-sensing-of-the-environment-4yfxjaaswe.pdf

Remote sensing of the environment

Although peatlands cover only 3% of the Earth's land surface, boreal and subarctic peatlands store about 15?30% of the world's soil carbon as peat. Despite their potential for large positive feedbacks to the climate system through sequestration and emission of greenhouse gases, peatlands are not explicitly included in global climate models and therefore in predictions of future climate change. In April 2007 a symposium was held in Wageningen, the Netherlands, to advance our understanding of peatland C cycling through integration across disciplines and research approaches and to develop a more synthetic picture of the present and future role of peatlands in the global C cycle and their interactions with the climate system. This paper aims to synthesize the main findings of the symposium, focusing on (i) small-scale processes, (ii) C fluxes at the landscape scale, and (iii) peatlands and climate. The paper concludes with a summary of the main drivers of the C balance of peatlands, and proposes directions for new research to reduce key uncertainties in our knowledge of C cycling in peatlands in order to facilitate the explicit inclusion of these ecosystems in a new generation of earth system models.

/pdf/peatlands-and-the-carbon-cycle-from-local-processes-to-e7avqndx2e.pdf

Peatlands and the carbon cycle: from local processes to global implications - a synthesis

Making better use of accuracy data in land change studies: Estimating accuracy and area and quantifying uncertainty using stratified estimation

Assessment of erosion hazard with the USLE and GIS : a case study of the Upper Ewaso Ng'iro North basin of Kenya

Remote Sensing of Vegetation: Principles, Techniques and Applications

Summary

1
World-wide, the controlled use of fire is an important ecological management tool and is essential for the continuance of many communities. It is used extensively in upland regions of England to maintain dwarf shrub habitats for game-bird rearing. Inappropriate burning, however, is now cited as the second most important reason for the poor condition of conservation sites in these areas. Despite this there are few data on the extent and frequency of its use to help judge its potential impact on biodiversity.

2
This study, using aerial photography of a 2% sample (208 km2) of the English uplands, surveyed the national scale of fire management for the first time, and used historical photography to identify medium-term trends in its use.

3
Management burning in the English uplands is now widespread on ericaceous-dominated moorland; in the year 2000 17% of the area of this habitat had been burned within the previous 4 years, equivalent to 114 km2 year−1. The present median burn repeat time of consistently managed sites is approximately 20 years.

4
Within most of the English national parks there has been a significant increase in the extent of new burns (from 15·1% to 29·7%) over this period, indicating an intensification of burning regimes in some areas.

5
Synthesis and applications. The extent and frequency of burning, and the habitats in which this management occurs, are contentious issues. Reconciling the differing objectives of conservation, game rearing and agricultural stakeholders to allow the development of both strategic and local management planning to address these issues requires information on the extent and history of burning practices. This study provides a much needed first national estimate of burning practices in England and serves as a baseline against which changes in management regimes and their impacts on habitats can be judged.

https://besjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2006.01222.x

The extent and intensity of management burning in the English uplands

Impact of rapid urban expansion on green space structure

Small glaciers have short response times to climate change and therefore offer a powerful means of climate monitoring. Glacier responses to climate, or their mass change, may be suggested ...

Tim Brewer

Papers

Assessment of erosion hazard with the USLE and GIS : a case study of the Upper Ewaso Ng'iro North basin of Kenya

Remote Sensing of Vegetation: Principles, Techniques and Applications

The extent and intensity of management burning in the English uplands

Impact of rapid urban expansion on green space structure

Improving local estimations and regional trends of glacier equilibrium line altitudes