THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

The author details the reactions of various concretes on steel reinforcement. Although portland cements, slag cements and high alumina cements are all hydraulic binders, each possess special properties which are examined. The discussion of causes and methods of preventing the corrosion of steel reinforcement covers such aspects as galvanised steel reinforcement, effects of concrete composition, corrosion of steel reinforcments in concrete and prestressed reinforcement. It is concluded that the most significant influences on the corrosion of prestressing wire in concrete are: the presence of chloride; the presence of nitrates; the composition of the concrete; the degree of carbonation of the concrete; concrete compaction and, chlorides and sulphates should be used as far as possible when steel is embedded. (TRRL)

Corrosion of steel by concrete

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Hydraulic Control Systems

Computer vision for SHM of civil infrastructure: From dynamic response measurement to damage detection – A review

Bridges are vulnerable to the fatigue damage accumulation caused by traffic loading over the service period. A continuous growth in both the vehicle weight and the traffic volume may cause a safety hazard to existing bridges. This study presented a computational framework for probabilistic modeling of the fatigue damage accumulation of short to medium span bridges under actual traffic loading. Stochastic truck-load models were simulated based on site-specific weigh-in-motion measurements. A response surface method was utilized to substitute the time-consuming finite element model for an efficient computation. A case study of a simply supported bridge demonstrated the effectiveness of the computational framework. Numerical results show that the simulated fatigue stress spectrum captures the probability density functions of the heavy traffic loading. The equivalent fatigue stress range increases mostly linearly in the good road roughness condition with the growth of the gross vehicle weight. The vehicle typ...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1687814017695047

Lifetime fatigue reliability evaluation of short to medium span bridges under site-specific stochastic truck loading

Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridge details integrating weigh-in-motion data and probabilistic finite element analysis

Experimental and numerical study of a self‐centering prestressed concrete moment resisting frame connection with bolted web friction devices

Experimental study of a self-centering prestressed concrete frame subassembly

A precast segmental pier using posttensioning technique has become a desirable candidate to realize rapid, environment-friendly bridge construction and minimal residual deformation. To avoid structural corrosion and to facilitate the replacement of energy dissipators (EDs), a self-centering precast concrete (SCPC) pier with external EDs and enhanced durability is proposed and experimentally evaluated. In this study, the self-centering capacity is provided through posttensioned basalt fiber–reinforced polymer (BFRP) tendons, and the bottom of the pier is encased in a glass fiber–reinforced polymer (GFRP) jacket so as to mitigate concrete spalling or crushing as the pier rocks. Aluminum bars with modified material properties are used as external EDs, in which the weakened part is filled in a confining tube with epoxy. Fifteen cyclic load tests with the maximum drift of 4% were conducted on three SCPC piers and one monolithic pier, and the influence of various design parameters on the pier behavior i...

Cyclic Load Tests on Self-Centering Concrete Pier with External Dissipators and Enhanced Durability

Bridge performance undergoes time-varying changes when exposed to aggressive environments. While much work has been done on bridge reliability under corrosion, little is known about the effects of creep and shrinkage on the reliability of concrete bridges. In this paper, the CEB-FIP model for creep and shrinkage is applied by using finite-element (FE) analysis in conjunction with probabilistic considerations. Verification is made by comparing the analytical findings with existing test data. More specifically, a time-dependent reliability assessment is made for a composite prestressed concrete (PSC) box-girder bridge exposed to a chloride environment. This realized via an advanced probabilistic FE method. The postcracking behavior of the thin-walled box girder is described using composite degenerated shell elements, and importance sampling is used to improve the efficiency of the reliability analyses. It is shown that concrete creep and shrinkage dominate during the early stages of bridge structure deterio...

Tong Guo

Papers

Fatigue reliability assessment of steel bridge details integrating weigh-in-motion data and probabilistic finite element analysis

Experimental and numerical study of a self‐centering prestressed concrete moment resisting frame connection with bolted web friction devices

Experimental study of a self-centering prestressed concrete frame subassembly

Cyclic Load Tests on Self-Centering Concrete Pier with External Dissipators and Enhanced Durability

Time-Dependent Reliability of PSC Box-Girder Bridge Considering Creep, Shrinkage, and Corrosion