Victor Alvarez

TL;DR: A highly asymmetric pattern of mating in early Antioquia, involving mostly immigrant men and local native women is indicated, with the frequency of the four Amerind founder lineages being closest to Native Americans currently living in the area.

TL;DR: Interestingly, despite a nearly complete Native American mtDNA background, Antioquia has a markedly predominant European ancestry at the autosomal and X chromosome level, which suggests that, after foundation, continuing admixture with Spanish men (but not with native women) increased the European nuclear ancestry of Antioqia.

TL;DR: Drainage plus urokinase instillation is as effective as video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery as first-line treatment of septated PPE in children.

TL;DR: The pattern of influences suggests that fetal and neonatal hypothyroidism have different effects on brain maturation sites during the first 2 years of life and that some subtle neurocognitive deficits are probably unavoidable.