To use solar irradiation or interior lighting efficiently, we sought a photocatalyst with high reactivity under visible light. Films and powders of TiO 2- x N x have revealed an improvement over titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) under visible light (wavelength 2 has proven to be indispensable for band-gap narrowing and photocatalytic activity, as assessed by first-principles calculations and x-ray photoemission spectroscopy.

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Visible-Light Photocatalysis in Nitrogen-Doped Titanium Oxides

Titanium Dioxide Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties, Modifications, and Applications

[Yang, Hua Gui; Sun, Cheng Hua; Qiao, Shi Zhang; Liu, Gang; Smith, Sean Campbell; Lu, Gao Qing] Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Funct Nanomat, Sch Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Yang, Hua Gui; Sun, Cheng Hua; Qiao, Shi Zhang; Liu, Gang; Smith, Sean Campbell; Lu, Gao Qing] Univ Queensland, Australian Inst Bioengn & Nanotechnol, Ctr Computat Mol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Zou, Jin] Univ Queensland, Ctr Microscopy & Microanal, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Zou, Jin] Univ Queensland, Sch Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia. [Liu, Gang; Cheng, Hui Ming] Chinese Acad Sci, Met Res Inst, Shenyang Natl Lab Mat sci, Shenyang 110016, Peoples R China.;Lu, GQ (reprint author), Univ Queensland, ARC Ctr Excellence Funct Nanomat, Sch Engn, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia;s.qiao@uq.edu.au maxlu@uq.edu.au

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Anatase TiO(2) single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets

Fujishima and Honda (1972) demonstrated the potential of titanium dioxide (TiO2) semiconductor materials to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in a photo-electrochemical cell. Their work triggered the development of semiconductor photocatalysis for a wide range of environmental and energy applications. One of the most significant scientific and commercial advances to date has been the development of visible light active (VLA) TiO2 photocatalytic materials. In this review, a background on TiO2 structure, properties and electronic properties in photocatalysis is presented. The development of different strategies to modify TiO2 for the utilization of visible light, including non metal and/or metal doping, dye sensitization and coupling semiconductors are discussed. Emphasis is given to the origin of visible light absorption and the reactive oxygen species generated, deduced by physicochemical and photoelectrochemical methods. Various applications of VLA TiO2, in terms of environmental remediation and in particular water treatment, disinfection and air purification, are illustrated. Comprehensive studies on the photocatalytic degradation of contaminants of emerging concern, including endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, pesticides, cyanotoxins and volatile organic compounds, with VLA TiO2 are discussed and compared to conventional UV-activated TiO2 nanomaterials. Recent advances in bacterial disinfection using VLA TiO2 are also reviewed. Issues concerning test protocols for real visible light activity and photocatalytic efficiencies with different light sources have been highlighted.

/pdf/a-review-on-the-visible-light-active-titanium-dioxide-2qg81s4yao.pdf

A review on the visible light active titanium dioxide photocatalysts for environmental applications

We demonstrate very high efficiency electrophosphorescence in organic light-emitting devices employing a phosphorescent molecule doped into a wide energy gap host. Using bis(2-phenylpyridine)iridium(III) acetylacetonate [(ppy)2Ir(acac)] doped into 3-phenyl-4(1′-naphthyl)-5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazole, a maximum external quantum efficiency of (19.0±1.0)% and luminous power efficiency of (60±5) lm/W are achieved. The calculated internal quantum efficiency of (87±7)% is supported by the observed absence of thermally activated nonradiative loss in the photoluminescent efficiency of (ppy)2Ir(acac). Thus, very high external quantum efficiencies are due to the nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency of (ppy)2Ir(acac) coupled with balanced hole and electron injection, and triplet exciton confinement within the light-emitting layer.

Nearly 100% internal phosphorescence efficiency in an organic light emitting device

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a protective film with a high shielding property of moisture and oxygen in the air and a high resistance to high temperature and to high humidity. SOLUTION: An organic EL element has at least one organic compound layer 30 interposed between a first electrode 12 and a second electrode 18, thus forming an element region, the element region being covered with the protective film 20 composed of at least amorphous carbon nitrite. Since the amorphous carbon nitrite film has a dense film structure similar to an inorganic film while being flexible and having an stress relieving ability as an organic protective film, the amorphous carbon nitrite film can protect the organic EL element from moisture and oxygen without degrading even at a high temperature and a high humidity. A laminated structure with the amorphous carbon nitrite film and an inorganic film such as SiN film may be provided. Such a protective film can be disposed between a substrate and the organic EL element. COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Organic electroluminescent element, its manufacturing device, and electron device

We have developed plasma-CVD SiNx / plasma-polymerized CNx:H multi-layer films to improve the longevity of passivated OLEDs for automobile applications. The films had high barrier against moisture even at high temperatures, because the thermal stress of the films was released by the soft CNx:H layers and no crack was produced.

LP-5: Late-News Poster: Plasma-CVD SiNx / Plasma-Polymerized CNx:H Multi-layer Passivation Films for Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Thermogravimetric study of the sulfurization of TiO2 nanoparticles using CS2 and the decomposition of their sulfurized product

Chromium thin films were prepared by a sputter‐deposition system in which substrates were arranged semicircularly against a chromium target Structures and compositions of the films were investigated by x‐ray diffractometer, x‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electron probe microanalyzer, and scanning electron microscope It was found that oxygen content in the films was highest at the opposite side of the target and was lowest at the position of 60° or 75° off with respect to the target normal At the latter position, (110)‐preferred orientation and enlargement of the bcc chromium lattice were observed Although cracks were generated in the films deposited at the opposite side of the target, no cracks were generated in the films deposited at the oblique direction These results on the chromium films could be explained in terms of the bombardment effect by the reflected argon atoms whose energy was a function of the scattering angle

Yasunori Taga

Papers

Organic electroluminescent element, its manufacturing device, and electron device

LP-5: Late-News Poster: Plasma-CVD SiNx / Plasma-Polymerized CNx:H Multi-layer Passivation Films for Organic Light Emitting Diodes

Thermogravimetric study of the sulfurization of TiO2 nanoparticles using CS2 and the decomposition of their sulfurized product

Structures and properties of chromium thin films prepared by anisotropic‐emission‐effect sputter deposition

Geometrical factors of argon incorporation in SiO2 films deposited by ion beam sputtering