Yihua Yang

TL;DR: The Q-biotype B. tabaci is supplanting the B- biotype which used to be ubiquitous in China and has developed high levels of resistance to imidacloprid and thiamethoxam.

TL;DR: It is shown that the most common resistance alleles in field populations of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, selected with Bt cotton in northern China, had recessive cadherin mutations, including the deletion mutation identified via laboratory selection, which suggests that resistance management strategies must account for diverse resistance allele in field-selected populations, including nonrecessive alleles.

TL;DR: It is implied that natural refuges delayed resistance, but were not as effective as an equivalent area of non-Bt cottonRefuges, which could slow further increases in resistance.

TL;DR: Responsibility to Cry1Ac was significantly lower in 13 field populations from northern China, where Bt cotton has been planted intensively, than in two populations from sites in northwestern China where exposure to Bt Cotton has been limited, implying that resistance toCry1Ac in northern China is a specific adaptation caused by exposure to this toxin in Btotton.

TL;DR: Wang et al. identifies CYP6AEs from cotton bollworm involved in detoxifying plant toxins and chemical insecticides through the CRISPR-Cas9-based reverse genetics approach in conjunction with in vitro metabolism.