The unabated flurry of research activities to augment various mobile devices by leveraging heterogeneous cloud resources has created a new research domain called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC). In the core of such a non-uniform environment, facilitating interoperability, portability, and integration among heterogeneous platforms is nontrivial. Building such facilitators in MCC requires investigations to understand heterogeneity and its challenges over the roots. Although there are many research studies in mobile computing and cloud computing, convergence of these two areas grants further academic efforts towards flourishing MCC. In this paper, we define MCC, explain its major challenges, discuss heterogeneity in convergent computing (i.e. mobile computing and cloud computing) and networking (wired and wireless networks), and divide it into two dimensions, namely vertical and horizontal. Heterogeneity roots are analyzed and taxonomized as hardware, platform, feature, API, and network. Multidimensional heterogeneity in MCC results in application and code fragmentation problems that impede development of cross-platform mobile applications which is mathematically described. The impacts of heterogeneity in MCC are investigated, related opportunities and challenges are identified, and predominant heterogeneity handling approaches like virtualization, middleware, and service oriented architecture (SOA) are discussed. We outline open issues that help in identifying new research directions in MCC.

Heterogeneity in Mobile Cloud Computing: Taxonomy and Open Challenges

In addition to the actual content Web pages consist of navigational elements, templates, and advertisements. This boilerplate text typically is not related to the main content, may deteriorate search precision and thus needs to be detected properly. In this paper, we analyze a small set of shallow text features for classifying the individual text elements in a Web page. We compare the approach to complex, state-of-the-art techniques and show that competitive accuracy can be achieved, at almost no cost. Moreover, we derive a simple and plausible stochastic model for describing the boilerplate creation process. With the help of our model, we also quantify the impact of boilerplate removal to retrieval performance and show significant improvements over the baseline. Finally, we extend the principled approach by straight-forward heuristics, achieving a remarkable detection accuracy.

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Boilerplate detection using shallow text features

In some embodiments, a device displays content on a touch screen display and detects input by finger gestures. In response to the finger gestures, the device selects content, visually distinguishes the selected content, and/or updates the selected content based on detected input. In some embodiments, the device displays a command display area that includes one or more command icons; detects activation of a command icon in the command display area; and, in response to detecting activation of the command icon in the command display area, performs a corresponding action with respect to the selected content. Exemplary actions include cutting, copying, and pasting content.

Methods and graphical user interfaces for editing on a multifunction device with a touch screen display

An effective approach to phishing Web page detection is proposed, which uses Earth mover's distance (EMD) to measure Web page visual similarity. We first convert the involved Web pages into low resolution images and then use color and coordinate features to represent the image signatures. We use EMD to calculate the signature distances of the images of the Web pages. We train an EMD threshold vector for classifying a Web page as a phishing or a normal one. Large-scale experiments with 10,281 suspected Web pages are carried out to show high classification precision, phishing recall, and applicable time performance for online enterprise solution. We also compare our method with two others to manifest its advantage. We also built up a real system which is already used online and it has caught many real phishing cases

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Detecting Phishing Web Pages with Visual Similarity Assessment Based on Earth Mover's Distance (EMD)

The bias in the news media is an inherent flaw of the news production process. The resulting bias often causes a sharp increase in political polarization and in the cost of conflict on social issues such as Iraq war. It is very difficult, if not impossible, for readers to have penetrating views on realities against such bias. This paper presents NewsCube, a novel Internet news service aiming at mitigating the effect of media bias. NewsCube automatically creates and promptly provides readers with multiple classified viewpoints on a news event of interest. As such, it effectively helps readers understand a fact from a plural of viewpoints and formulate their own, more balanced viewpoints. While media bias problem has been studied extensively in communications and social sciences, our work is the first to develop a news service as a solution and study its effect. We discuss the effect of the service through various user studies.

NewsCube: delivering multiple aspects of news to mitigate media bias

Mobile devices have already been widely used to access the Web. However, because most available web pages are designed for desktop PC in mind, it is inconvenient to browse these large web pages on a mobile device with a small screen. In this paper, we propose a new browsing convention to facilitate navigation and reading on a small-form-factor device. A web page is organized into a two level hierarchy with a thumbnail representation at the top level for providing a global view and index to a set of sub-pages at the bottom level for detail information. A page adaptation technique is also developed to analyze the structure of an existing web page and split it into small and logically related units that fit into the screen of a mobile device. For a web page not suitable for splitting, auto-positioning or scrolling-by-block is used to assist the browsing as an alterative. Our experimental results show that our proposed browsing convention and developed page adaptation scheme greatly improve the user's browsing experiences on a device with a small display.

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Detecting web page structure for adaptive viewing on small form factor devices

We propose a page-adaptation technique that splits existing Web pages into smaller, logically related units. To do this, we must first solve two technical problems: how to detect an existing Web page's semantic structure, and how to split a Web page into smaller blocks based on that structure. To date, we've implemented our technique in Web browsers for mobile devices, in a proxy server for adapting Web pages on the fly, and as an authoring tool plug-in for converting existing Web pages. The Web page can then be adapted to form a two-level hierarchy with a thumbnail representation at the top level for providing a global view and an index to a set of subpages at the bottom level for detailed information.

Yu Chen

Papers

Detecting web page structure for adaptive viewing on small form factor devices

Adapting Web pages for small-screen devices

Thermal Management for Internet Data Centers

System und Verfahren zur Bereitstellung von inhaltsorientierten Diensten an Inhaltsanbieter und Inhaltskunden