Emerging photodynamic nanotherapeutics for inducing immunogenic cell death and potentiating cancer immunotherapy.

Incremental use of the antibiotics is now posing pollution problem in aquatic system. Therefore, it is necessary to decompose this class of harmful component existing in wastewater. The metal-organic frameworks...

A new 3D 8-connected Cd(II) MOF as a potent photocatalyst for oxytetracycline antibiotic

The regulation research of topology and magnetic exchange models of CPs through Co(II) concentration adjustment

Despite the merits of high tissue-penetrating depth, no ionizing radiation, and low cost, sonodynamic therapy (SDT) still suffers from a low quantum yield of reactive oxygen species (ROS), limited delivery efficiency, and potential toxicity of sonosensitizers. Different from the direct delivery of sonosensitizers into tumor tissue for SDT, this work reports the fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) nanosonosensitizers/nanocatalysts (Ti3C2/CuO2@BSA) for the in situ generation of nanosonosensitizers by responding to the tumor microenvironment, achieving the high-performance and synergistic sonodynamic/chemodynamic tumor therapy. CuO2 nanoparticle integration on 2D Ti3C2 MXene achieved in situ H2O2 generation in an acidic tumor microenvironment for oxidizing Ti3C2 to produce TiO2 nanosonosensitizers, accompanied by the enhanced separation of electrons (e-) and holes (h+) by the carbon matrix after oxidation, further augmenting the SDT efficacy. Ultrasound irradiation during the sonodynamic process also enhanced the Cu-initiated Fenton-like reaction to produce more ROS for synergizing the sonodynamic tumor therapy. The experimental results confirm and demonstrate the synergistic therapeutic effects of chemodynamic and sonodynamic nanotherapy both in vitro and in vivo. The antitumor mechanisms of synergistic chemodynamic and sonodynamic therapies are associated with the upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation, ROS generation, and apoptosis as demonstrated by RNA sequencing. This work thus provides a distinct paradigm of 2D MXene-originated in situ nanosonosensitizer generation for augmented and synergistic sonodynamic tumor nanotherapy.

Two-Dimensional MXene-Originated In Situ Nanosonosensitizer Generation for Augmented and Synergistic Sonodynamic Tumor Nanotherapy.

Currently, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), basically inorganic-organic hybrid materials, have gained tremendous attention due to their vast applications. MOFs have shown enormous applications in almost every research field. However, the area of designing MOF materials for their biological applications is still an emerging field that needs attention. Titanium-based metal-organic framework (Ti-MOF) materials are used in many research areas due to their structural advantages, such as small particle size and large effective surface area. On the other hand, they have also shown unique advantages such as good biocompatibility, excellent catalytic oxidation and photocatalytic properties and ease of functionalization. This study reviews the recent research progress on Ti-MOFs in therapeutic areas such as antibacterial, oncology, anti-inflammation, and bone injury, which will provide new directions for further research in this biomedical field. Therefore, this article will help scientists working in the particular field to enhance their understanding of Ti-based MOFs for functional biomedical applications.

Recent advances in Ti-based MOFs in biomedical applications.

Noninvasively immunogenic sonodynamic therapy with manganese protoporphyrin liposomes against triple-negative breast cancer

Bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) possess two different metal ions as nodes in their molecular frameworks. They are prepared by either using one-pot syntheses wherein different metals are mixed with suitable...

Recent advances on bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (BMOFs): Syntheses, applications and challenges

Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is a highly attractive therapy due to its advantages of being non-invasive and having good penetration depth, but tumor hypoxia extremely restricts its therapeutic effect. Here, a novel oxygen-enhanced hybrid protein nanosonosensitizer system (MnPcS@HPO) is designed using human serum albumin (HSA) and hemoglobin (Hb) through disulfide reconfiguration, followed by encapsulating Mn-phthalocyanine (MnPcS), aiming to develop O2 self-supplementing nanoparticles (NPs) for enhanced SDT. Benefitting from the O2-carrying ability of Hb and the tumor-targeting property of HSA, the MnPcS@HPO NPs are able to target tumor sites and alleviate hypoxia. Meanwhile, as a sonosensitizer, MnPcS is excited under US irradiation and activates dioxygen to generate abundant singlet oxygen (1O2), resulting in oxidative damage of tumor cells. Guided by photoacoustic and magnetic resonance dual-modal imaging, the MnPcS@HPO NPs alleviate tumor hypoxia and achieve good SDT efficiency for suppressing tumor growth. This work presents a novel insight into enhanced SDT antitumor activity through natural protein-mediated tumor microenvironment improvement.

Hypoxia-alleviated sonodynamic therapy based on a hybrid protein oxygen carrier to enhance tumor inhibition.

Certain anaerobic microbes with the capability to colonize the tumor microenvironment tend to express the heterologous gene in a sustainable manner, which will inevitably compromise the therapeutic efficacy and induce off‐tumor toxicity in vivo. To improve the therapeutic precision and controllability of bacteria‐based therapeutics, Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), engineered to sense blue light and release the encoded flagellin B (flaB), is conjugated with lanthanide upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) for near‐infrared (NIR) nano‐optogenetic cancer immunotherapy. Upon 808 nm photoirradiation, UCNPs emit at the blue region to photoactivate the EcN for secretion of flaB, which subsequently binds to Toll‐like receptor 5 expressed on the membrane of macrophages for activating immune response via MyD88‐dependent signal pathway. Such synergism leads to significant tumor regression in different tumor models and metastatic tumors with negligible side effects. These studies based on the NIR nano‐optogenetic platform highlight the rational of leveraging the optogenetic tools combined with natural propensity of certain bacteria for cancer immunotherapy.

Yuzhi Qiu

Papers

Noninvasively immunogenic sonodynamic therapy with manganese protoporphyrin liposomes against triple-negative breast cancer

Recent advances on bimetallic metal-organic frameworks (BMOFs): Syntheses, applications and challenges

Hypoxia-alleviated sonodynamic therapy based on a hybrid protein oxygen carrier to enhance tumor inhibition.

Near‐Infrared Nano‐Optogenetic Activation of Cancer Immunotherapy via Engineered Bacteria

Sulfate-reducing bacteria loaded in hydrogel as a long-lasting H2S factory for tumor therapy.