Results. The incidence rate of significant non-cardiac occlusive stenotic lesions in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), who had to undergo CABG, was 15,84 %. Simultaneous revascularization of coronary and non-coronary arteries was performed in 2,46 % of patients with CAD and PolyVD and multi-stage surgical proced ures were chosen in other cases. Conclusions. The outcomes of CAD surgical treatment were improved in this group of patients due to the implementation of a mul-

Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Научно-исследовательский институт комплексных проблем сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний» Сибирского отделения Российской академии медицинских наук, Кемерово, Россия

O1-7-4-1Genome-wide association study identifies common variants at four loci as genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease

Non-motor symptoms are a key component of Parkinson's disease, possibly representing a clinical biomarker of its premotor phase. The burden of non-motor symptoms can define a patient's health-related quality of life. Non-motor symptoms substantially increase the cost of care—requiring increased hospitalisation and treatment—and pose a major challenge to healthcare professionals. However, clinicians often regard non-motor symptoms and their management as peripheral to that of the motor symptoms. Here, we address the clinical issues and unmet needs of non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

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Non-motor Parkinson's: integral to motor Parkinson's, yet often neglected

Tea is one of the most consumed beverages in the world. Green tea, black tea, and oolong tea are made from the same plant Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze. Among them, green tea has been the most extensively studied for beneficial effects on diseases including cancer, obesity, diabetes, and inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases. Several human observational and intervention studies have found beneficial effects of tea consumption on neurodegenerative impairment, such as cognitive dysfunction and memory loss. These studies supported the basis of tea’s preventive effects of Parkinson’s disease, but few studies have revealed such effects on Alzheimer’s disease. In contrast, several human studies have not reported these favorable effects with regard to tea. This discrepancy may be due to incomplete adjustment of confounding factors, including the method of quantifying consumption, beverage temperature, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and differences in genetic and environmental factors, such as race, sex, age, and lifestyle. Thus, more rigorous human studies are required to understand the neuroprotective effect of tea. A number of laboratory experiments demonstrated the benefits of green tea and green tea catechins (GTCs), such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), and proposed action mechanisms. The targets of GTCs include the abnormal accumulation of fibrous proteins, such as Aβ and α-synuclein, inflammation, elevated expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, and oxidative stress, which are associated with neuronal cell dysfunction and death in the cerebral cortex. Computational molecular docking analysis revealed how EGCG can prevent the accumulation of fibrous proteins. These findings suggest that GTCs have the potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and could be useful for the development of new drugs.

https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/6/1297/pdf

Beneficial Effects of Green Tea Catechins on Neurodegenerative Diseases.

1·8 billion people of diverse ethnicities and cultures live in the Western Pacific Region. The increasing longevity of populations in this region is a major contributor to the exponential increase in Parkinson's disease prevalence worldwide. Differences exist between Parkinson's disease in the Western Pacific Region and in Europe and North America that might provide important insights into our understanding of the disease and approaches to management. For example, some genetic factors (such as LRRK2 mutations or variants) differ, environmental exposures might play differential roles in modulating the risk of Parkinson's disease, and fewer dyskinesias are reported, with some differences in the profile of non-motor symptoms and comorbidities. Gaps in awareness of the disease and inequitable access to treatments pose challenges. Further improvements in infrastructure, clinical governance, and services, and concerted collaborative efforts in training and research, including greater representation of the Western Pacific Region in clinical trials, will improve care of patients with Parkinson's disease in this region and beyond.

Parkinson's disease in the Western Pacific Region

Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in China: A review of the literature

Application of odor identification test in Parkinson's disease in China: a matched case-control study.

Background

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified numerous single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that can modulate the risk of developing Parkinson's disease (PD).



Methods

We investigated the association of previously identified loci in a Mainland Chinese population to identify a possible ethnic-specific effect with GWAS analysis. Seventeen SNPs were genotyped from those loci using case–control methodology to analyze a total of 1,737 individuals.



Results

Strong evidence of an association for reference SNP 894278 (rs894278) and rs11931074 on 4q22 throughout the α synuclein (SNCA) region was observed in our study. The SNP rs894278 confers risk via a dominant model and an additive model, whereas the minor allele G of rs11931074 reduces the risk of PD progression. The minor allele frequency of rs11724635 produced weaker signals for PD, but this was not replicated in the genotype after adjusting for age and sex.



Conclusions

This study yields new clues about GWAS-linked data in patients with PD from Mainland China. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society

Analysis of genome-wide association study-linked loci in Parkinson's disease of Mainland China.

Background: The prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI) and its associated risk factors among elderly peoples in China has been investigated. However, dynamic studies revealing the risk factors associated with cognitive decline from follow-up observations in China are rarely performed. Objective: The present study aimed to identify factors predicting late-life cognitive decline in China. Methods: Participants were 223 community-dwelling residents (≥65 years old) from the urban community of Shanghai with no CI upon comprehensive assessments at baseline. Cognitive decline at 2-year follow-up was defined as a drop of two or more points from baseline score in the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Associations with baseline demographic, lifestyle, health, and medical factors were then determined within the population. Results: After 2 years, cognitive decline and incident CI developed in 75 (33.6%) and 25 (11.2%) participants, respectively. Across all participants, risk factors for cognitive decline included low education, high body mass index, and diabetes mellitus. Among participants with cognitive decline, points were predominantly lost in items relating to time orientation and complex commands in the MMSE. Conclusion: This study confirms the differences in risk factors between cross-sectional and longitudinal studies for cognitive decline among the elderly population in urban Shanghai. Interventions tailored to potential risk factors associated with cognitive decline may offer further benefits.

Risk factors for cognitive decline in elderly people: findings from the two-year follow-up study in a Shanghai urban community.

To compare the efficacy of two stitches versus one stitch in women with emergency cervical cerclage.

Zhi-Min Xu

Papers

Non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in China: A review of the literature

Application of odor identification test in Parkinson's disease in China: a matched case-control study.

Analysis of genome-wide association study-linked loci in Parkinson's disease of Mainland China.

Risk factors for cognitive decline in elderly people: findings from the two-year follow-up study in a Shanghai urban community.

Comparison of two stitches versus one stitch for emergency cervical cerclage to prevent preterm birth in singleton pregnancies