A critical review of recent research on functionally graded plates

Recent development in modeling and analysis of functionally graded materials and structures

Over the past decades there has been a considerable development in the modeling of car-following (CF) behavior as a result of research undertaken by both traffic engineers and traffic psychologists While traffic engineers seek to understand the behavior of a traffic stream, traffic psychologists seek to describe the human abilities and errors involved in the driving process This paper provides a comprehensive review of these two research streams It is necessary to consider human-factors in CF modeling for a more realistic representation of CF behavior in complex driving situations (for example, in traffic breakdowns, crash-prone situations, and adverse weather conditions) to improve traffic safety and to better understand widely-reported puzzling traffic flow phenomena, such as capacity drop, stop-and-go oscillations, and traffic hysteresis While there are some excellent reviews of CF models available in the literature, none of these specifically focuses on the human factors in these models This paper addresses this gap by reviewing the available literature with a specific focus on the latest advances in car-following models from both the engineering and human behavior points of view In so doing, it analyses the benefits and limitations of various models and highlights future research needs in the area

Incorporating human-factors in car-following models: A review of recent developments and research needs

Free vibration of functionally graded rectangular plates using first-order shear deformation plate theory

Size-dependent elastic behavior of FGM ultra-thin films based on generalized refined theory

Benchmark solutions for functionally graded thick plates resting on Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations

The vast majority of car-following models are lack of the consideration of human drivers’ characteristics. Based on the fact that each driver of a following vehicle perceives closing-in or shying-away a leading vehicle in front of him/her, primarily due to changes in the apparent size of the leading vehicle, we improved the full velocity difference (FVD) model and presented a visual angle car-following model. This model is in view of the stimulus–response framework and uses the visual angle and the change rate of the visual angle as stimulus. Results from linear analysis showed that the neutral stability line is asymmetry and the width of the leading vehicle has a great impact on the stability of traffic flow. Numerical simulations obtained the same results as theoretical analysis clearly such as density wave, shrinking hysteresis, asymmetry and wide scattering. Thus, the introducing of the visual angle can explain some complex nature of traffic flow and contribute to the design of more realistic car-following models.

Visual angle model for car-following theory

Staggered car-following induced by lateral separation effects in traffic flow

An experimental investigation of flame retardant mechanism of hydrated lime in asphalt mastics

A two-dimensional (2D) fast multipole boundary element analysis of magneto-electro-elastic media has been developed in this paper. Fourier analysis is employed to derive the fundamental solution for the plane-strain magneto-electro-elasticity. The final formulations are very similar to those for the 2D potential problems, and hence it is quite easy to implement the fast multipole boundary element method. The results are verified by comparison with the analytical solutions to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the approach. The numerical examples of multi-inclusion magneto-electro-elastic composites are considered to show the versatility of the proposed approach in smart structure applications.

Zhiyi Huang

Papers

Benchmark solutions for functionally graded thick plates resting on Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations

Visual angle model for car-following theory

Staggered car-following induced by lateral separation effects in traffic flow

An experimental investigation of flame retardant mechanism of hydrated lime in asphalt mastics

Fast multipole boundary element analysis for 2D problems of magneto-electro-elastic media