Institution
Bronglais General Hospital
Healthcare•Aberystwyth, United Kingdom•
About: Bronglais General Hospital is a healthcare organization based out in Aberystwyth, United Kingdom. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Deoxycytidylate Deaminase & dCMP deaminase. The organization has 77 authors who have published 61 publications receiving 1690 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: These results demonstrate that modern analytical spectroscopies of high intrinsic dimensionality can provide rapid accurate microbial characterization techniques, but only when combined with appropriate chemometrics.
Abstract: Three rapid spectroscopic approaches for whole-organism fingerprinting-pyrolysis mass spectrometry (PyMS), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and dispersive Raman microscopy - were used to analyse a group of 59 clinical bacterial isolates associated with urinary tract infection. Direct visual analysis of these spectra was not possible, highlighting the need to use methods to reduce the dimensionality of these hyperspectral data. The unsupervised methods of discriminant function and hierarchical cluster analyses were employed to group these organisms based on their spectral fingerprints, but none produced wholly satisfactory groupings which were characteristic for each of the five bacterial types. In contrast, for PyMS and FT-IR, the artificial neural network (ANN) approaches exploiting multi-layer perceptrons or radial basis functions could be trained with representative spectra of the five bacterial groups so that isolates from clinical bacteriuria in an independent unseen test set could be correctly identified. Comparable ANNs trained with Raman spectra correctly identified some 80% of the same test set. PyMS and FT-IR have often been exploited within microbial systematics, but these are believed to be the first published data showing the ability of dispersive Raman microscopy to discriminate clinically significant intact bacterial species. These results demonstrate that modern analytical spectroscopies of high intrinsic dimensionality can provide rapid accurate microbial characterization techniques, but only when combined with appropriate chemometrics.
398 citations
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TL;DR: Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries and should also address the need for safe perioperative care.
Abstract: Background
As global initiatives increase patient access to surgical treatments, there remains a need to understand the adverse effects of surgery and define appropriate levels of perioperative care.
Methods
We designed a prospective international 7-day cohort study of outcomes following elective adult inpatient surgery in 27 countries. The primary outcome was in-hospital complications. Secondary outcomes were death following a complication (failure to rescue) and death in hospital. Process measures were admission to critical care immediately after surgery or to treat a complication and duration of hospital stay. A single definition of critical care was used for all countries.
Results
A total of 474 hospitals in 19 high-, 7 middle- and 1 low-income country were included in the primary analysis. Data included 44 814 patients with a median hospital stay of 4 (range 2–7) days. A total of 7508 patients (16.8%) developed one or more postoperative complication and 207 died (0.5%). The overall mortality among patients who developed complications was 2.8%. Mortality following complications ranged from 2.4% for pulmonary embolism to 43.9% for cardiac arrest. A total of 4360 (9.7%) patients were admitted to a critical care unit as routine immediately after surgery, of whom 2198 (50.4%) developed a complication, with 105 (2.4%) deaths. A total of 1233 patients (16.4%) were admitted to a critical care unit to treat complications, with 119 (9.7%) deaths. Despite lower baseline risk, outcomes were similar in low- and middle-income compared with high-income countries.
Conclusions
Poor patient outcomes are common after inpatient surgery. Global initiatives to increase access to surgical treatments should also address the need for safe perioperative care.
364 citations
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TL;DR: Patients infected by HEV indigenous to England and Wales tended to belong to a distinct demographic group, there were multiple sources of infection, and pigs might have been a viral reservoir.
Abstract: Between 1996 and 2003, 186 cases of hepatitis E were serologically diagnosed. Of these, 17 (9%) were not associated with recent travel abroad. Patients were >55 years old (range, 56-82 years old) and tended to be male (76%). Two patients presented with fulminant hepatitis. A total of 129 (69%) cases were associated with recent travel to countries where hepatitis E virus (HEV) is hyperendemic. Compared with patients with travel-associated disease, patients with non-travel-associated disease were more likely to be older, living in coastal or estuarine areas, not of South Asian ethnicity, and infected by genotype 3 strains of HEV. The genotype 3 subgenomic nucleotide sequences were unique and closely related to those from British pigs. Patients infected by HEV indigenous to England and Wales tended to belong to a distinct demographic group, there were multiple sources of infection, and pigs might have been a viral reservoir.
227 citations
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TL;DR: This was the first paper in which diffuse reflectance absorbance FT-IR spectroscopy was used with a supervised learning method in the form of artificial neural networks, and showed that this combination could succeed in discriminating a series of closely related, clinically relevant, Gram-positive bacterial strains.
Abstract: Diffuse reflectance-absorbance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) was used to analyse 19 hospital isolates which had been identified by conventional means to one Enterococcus faecalis, E faecium, Streptococcus bovis, S mitis, S pneumoniae, or S pyogenes Principal components analysis of the FT-IR spectra showed that this 'unsupervised' learning method failed to form six separable clusters (one of each species) and thus could not be used to identify these bacteria base on their FT-IR spectra By contrast, artificial neural networks (ANNs) could be trained by 'supervised' learning (using the back-propagation algorithm) with the principal components scores of derivatised spectra to recognise the strains from their FT-IR spectra These results demonstrate that the combination of FT-IR and ANNs provides a rapid, novel and accurate bacterial identification technique
165 citations
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TL;DR: What stresses you at work are you finding difficult to deal with?
115 citations
Authors
Showing all 77 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Emmanuel S. Antonarakis | 59 | 443 | 18018 |
Suhad Bahijri | 21 | 70 | 6632 |
David M. Williams | 14 | 50 | 573 |
Paul J. Rooney | 5 | 6 | 624 |
D. D. Jones | 4 | 7 | 89 |
G. F. Williams | 4 | 6 | 86 |
Khalid Bashir | 4 | 47 | 88 |
Maria Hobrok | 3 | 3 | 317 |
T Ahmed | 3 | 5 | 127 |
Diana Duke | 3 | 3 | 128 |
T Lazim | 3 | 5 | 132 |
Talat Ahmed | 2 | 2 | 70 |
S.V. Sonanis | 2 | 2 | 21 |
Debbie Stone | 2 | 2 | 5 |
A.D. Meredith | 2 | 2 | 14 |