Institution
European University of Madrid
Education•Madrid, Spain•
About: European University of Madrid is a education organization based out in Madrid, Spain. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 2738 authors who have published 4607 publications receiving 65572 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory1, Buck Institute for Research on Aging2, Lund University3, University of California, San Francisco4, National Institutes of Health5, University College London6, Harvard University7, Columbia University Medical Center8, Emory University9, Queen Mary University of London10, Humanitas University11, University of Milan12, Stanford University13, Albert Einstein College of Medicine14, Veterans Health Administration15, University of California, Los Angeles16, European University of Madrid17
TL;DR: The multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress are described.
Abstract: Although intermittent increases in inflammation are critical for survival during physical injury and infection, recent research has revealed that certain social, environmental and lifestyle factors can promote systemic chronic inflammation (SCI) that can, in turn, lead to several diseases that collectively represent the leading causes of disability and mortality worldwide, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present Perspective we describe the multi-level mechanisms underlying SCI and several risk factors that promote this health-damaging phenotype, including infections, physical inactivity, poor diet, environmental and industrial toxicants and psychological stress. Furthermore, we suggest potential strategies for advancing the early diagnosis, prevention and treatment of SCI.
1,708 citations
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TL;DR: The persistence of AHN during both physiological and pathological aging in humans is demonstrated and evidence for impaired neurogenesis as a potentially relevant mechanism underlying memory deficits in AD that might be amenable to novel therapeutic strategies is provided.
Abstract: The hippocampus is one of the most affected areas in Alzheimer’s disease (AD)1. Moreover, this structure hosts one of the most unique phenomena of the adult mammalian brain, namely, the addition of new neurons throughout life2. This process, called adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN), confers an unparalleled degree of plasticity to the entire hippocampal circuitry3,4. Nonetheless, direct evidence of AHN in humans has remained elusive. Thus, determining whether new neurons are continuously incorporated into the human dentate gyrus (DG) during physiological and pathological aging is a crucial question with outstanding therapeutic potential. By combining human brain samples obtained under tightly controlled conditions and state-of-the-art tissue processing methods, we identified thousands of immature neurons in the DG of neurologically healthy human subjects up to the ninth decade of life. These neurons exhibited variable degrees of maturation along differentiation stages of AHN. In sharp contrast, the number and maturation of these neurons progressively declined as AD advanced. These results demonstrate the persistence of AHN during both physiological and pathological aging in humans and provide evidence for impaired neurogenesis as a potentially relevant mechanism underlying memory deficits in AD that might be amenable to novel therapeutic strategies. Newborn neurons are continuously incorporated into the healthy adult human hippocampus up to the ninth decade of life. However, robust adult hippocampal neurogenesis sharply declines during the progression of Alzheimer’s disease.
959 citations
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TL;DR: The aim of this review is to summarize the incidence, prevalence, trend in mortality, and general prognosis of coronary heart disease and a related condition, acute coronary syndrome, and identify risk groups and areas for possible improvement.
Abstract: The aim of this review is to summarize the incidence, prevalence, trend in mortality, and general prognosis of coronary heart disease (CHD) and a related condition, acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Although CHD mortality has gradually declined over the last decades in western countries, this condition still causes about one-third of all deaths in people older than 35 years. This evidence, along with the fact that mortality from CHD is expected to continue increasing in developing countries, illustrates the need for implementing effective primary prevention approaches worldwide and identifying risk groups and areas for possible improvement.
854 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a review summarizes the current body of knowledge on the main biological mediators (ingredients) of the preventive/therapeutic effects of regular exercise, and summarizes their roles.
Abstract: This review summarizes the current body of knowledge on the main biological mediators (ingredients) of the preventive/therapeutic effects of regular exercise.
574 citations
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TL;DR: Long-term high-intensity (preferably mixed) training, in addition to daytime physical activity, is required to obtain a significant anti-inflammatory effect in patients with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome.
Abstract: Background and aims We investigated the effect of different exercise modalities on high sensitivity-C reactive protein (hs-CRP) and other inflammatory markers in patients with type 2 diabetes and the metabolic syndrome. Methods and results Eighty-two patients were randomized into 4 groups: sedentary control (A); receiving counseling to perform low-intensity physical activity (B); performing prescribed and supervised high-intensity aerobic (C) or aerobic + resistance (D) exercise (with the same caloric expenditure) for 12 months. Evaluation of leisure-time physical activity and assessment of physical fitness, cardiovascular risk factors and inflammatory biomarkers was performed at baseline and every 3 months. Volume of physical activity increased and HbA1c decreased in Groups B–D. VO2max, HOMA-IR index, HDL-cholesterol, waist circumference and albuminuria improved in Groups C and D, whereas strength and flexibility improved only in Group D. Levels of hs-CRP decreased in all three exercising groups, but the reduction was significant only in Groups C and D, and particularly in Group D. Changes in VO2max and the exercise modalities were strong predictors of hs-CRP reduction, independent of body weight. Leptin, resistin and interleukin-6 decreased, whereas adiponectin increased in Groups C and D. Interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ decreased, whereas anti-inflammatory interleukin-4 and 10 increased only in Group D. Conclusion Physical exercise in type 2 diabetic patients with the metabolic syndrome is associated with a significant reduction of hs-CRP and other inflammatory and insulin resistance biomarkers, independent of weight loss. Long-term high-intensity (preferably mixed) training, in addition to daytime physical activity, is required to obtain a significant anti-inflammatory effect.
534 citations
Authors
Showing all 2750 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Francisco Sánchez-Madrid | 102 | 527 | 43418 |
Luis M. Ruilope | 94 | 841 | 97778 |
Alejandro Lucia | 75 | 680 | 23967 |
Carl Foster | 69 | 459 | 20101 |
Maurizio Battino | 69 | 384 | 23299 |
Carlo Castagna | 68 | 200 | 16017 |
Oscar Marín | 65 | 139 | 19578 |
Andrés Esteban | 61 | 178 | 19123 |
Quique Bassat | 61 | 422 | 19713 |
José M. Pingarrón | 56 | 456 | 14523 |
Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas | 55 | 271 | 11324 |
Esther Barreiro | 54 | 263 | 14423 |
José L. Quiles | 52 | 214 | 10149 |
Manuel G. Velarde | 51 | 427 | 10184 |
Alfonso J. Cruz-Jentoft | 51 | 219 | 21576 |