Showing papers by "Georgia State University published in 1977"
TL;DR: In this article, a technique for detecting long-term dependence, called R/S analysis, was used to analyze 200 daily stock return series and found that many series are characterized by longterm dependence and the distribution of security returns is non-normal stable Paretian as opposed to Gaussian.
480 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a behavioral dialogue approach to assess the style of mother-infant interaction without regard to the specific content of that interaction, which is viewed as a behavioural dialogue, the elements of which are not just vocalization but the many communicating acts that mother and infant engage in.
Abstract: BAKEMAN, ROGER, and BROWN, JOSEPHINE V. Behavioral Dialogues: An Approach to the Assessment of Mother-Infant Interaction. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1977, 48, 195-203. This report describes a method for objectively assessing the style of mother-infant interaction without regard to the specific content of that interaction. Interaction is viewed as a behavioral dialogue, the elements of which are not just vocalization but the many "communicative acts" that mother and infant engage in. The flow of interaction is then analyzed sequentially and is described with simple and transition probabilities. Applying this method or approach to systematic observations made of 45 mother-infant dyads revealed sex and parity effects. Because reasonable and interpretable differences were detected, this approach is most probably valid. Since this approach relies on classes of behaviors and not on specific behaviors, it should be especially useful for developmental studies of interaction.
143 citations
TL;DR: Rats that ate during hypothalamic stimulation were trained to press a lever for food only while receiving light signals from head-mounted lights.
Abstract: Rats that ate during hypothalamic stimulation were trained to press a lever for food only while receiving light signals from head-mounted lights. During stimulation, they pressed if the signal was visible to the eye contralateral to the electrode, but ignored the signal if it was visible only to the ipsilateral eye.
85 citations
01 Jan 1977
75 citations
TL;DR: The high incidence of recurrent corneal ulceration in cases of Pseudomonas-induced keratitis indicates that initial chemotherapy should be intensive and maintained until the lesion stabilizes.
71 citations
TL;DR: The National Reference Scale (NRS) for reading is the Rasch model's log-ability scale in a disguised form, and a discussion of the properties and interpretations of the NRS scores will, in principle, generalize to scores on any test that is calibrated using Raschmodel procedures.
Abstract: In this paper we will report on the development of the National Reference Scale (NRS) for reading (Rentz and Bashaw, 1975). The NRS is the result of analyses of data from the equating phase of the Anchor Test Study (Loret, et al, 1974), using item analysis and scaling methods of the Rasch model. The larger study on which this paper is based was designed to determine whether the Rasch model could be used to equate tests of the sort used in the Anchor Test Study (ATS). Although the Rentz and Bashaw study attempted to replicate the raw-score-to-raw-score equating tables of the ATS, the preferred equating procedure was to equate each test to a common reference scale. This procedure avoids a major source of error involved in raw-score-to-raw-score equating, that will be delineated later. The particular reference scale used was the log-ability scale of the Rasch model, transformed by a simple linear function to a scale of threedigit integers. Thus, the NRS is the Rasch model's log-ability scale in a disguised form. Consequently, a discussion of the properties and interpretations of the NRS scores will, in principle, generalize to scores on any test that is calibrated using Rasch model procedures. Our primary concern is the practical use and interpretation of the ability scale of the Rasch model. An understanding of the nature of this ability scale should help test developers and users when they are considering application of the Rasch model, since it has some interesting and desirable features. For example, the log-ability scale of the Rasch model has as its units, the same units used for estimating item difficulties. It also has units of equal intervals (in a sense to be discussed in the section on direct odds comparisons).
64 citations
61 citations
53 citations
TL;DR: The older behavior-disordered children were more reflective on the error measure than the younger behavior- Disordered children and had equivalent error scores to both age groups of normals, which suggested a lag in the development of reflection in behavior- disordered children.
Abstract: The primary index of reflection- impulsivity is Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFF), which yields both a latency and an error score. To evaluate further the construct validity of these measures, both the latency and error scores of 9- and 15-year-old normal and “acting-out” behavior-disordered children were compared. Young behavior-disordered children were found to be more impulsive than the other groups on the MFF error measure. No differences occurred on the MFF latency measure. This result is consistent with previous findings with normal children in supporting the construct validity of the MFF error score and raising questions about the construct validity of the MFF latency score. Findings were inconsistent with Kagan's assertion that normal children become more reflective with age. The older behavior-disordered children were more reflective on the error measure than the younger behavior-disordered children and had equivalent error scores to both age groups of normals. This finding suggested a lag in the development of reflection in behavior-disordered children.
53 citations
TL;DR: The interaction of berberinium chloride with DNA has been investigated using spectrophotometry, viscometric titrations with sonicated and closed circular superhelical DNA, and flow polarized fluorescence and the binding results for berber inium were found to fit the neighbor exclusion model.
Abstract: The interaction of berberinium chloride with DNA has been investigated using spectrophotometry, viscometric titrations with sonicated and closed circular superhelical DNA, and flow polarized fluorescence. The binding results for berberinium were found to fit the neighbor exclusion model. The two viscometric titrations and flow polarized fluorescence results exclusion model. The two viscometric titrations and flow polarized fluorescence results also indicated that berberinium binds to DNA by intercalation. Titration of sonicated DNA with berberinium produced viscosity increases which were less than those obtained with quinacrine and the titration of superhelical DNA indicated a significantly smaller unwinding angle for intercalation of berberinium than for quinacrine. These results can be interpreted in terms of a model in which (i) berberinium is partially intercalated into the double helix, or (ii) the alkaloid is more completely intercalated into the double helix, but causes bending of the helix due to the slight nonplanarity of the berberinium ring system, or (iii) a combination of (i) and (22).
53 citations
TL;DR: Mace's arguments concerning the love-anger cycle in marriage are criticized on philosophical (theoretical) and technical (clinical) grounds as discussed by the authors, underneath the smoke-screen of anger there is the fire of hurt feelings.
Abstract: Mace's arguments concerning the love-anger cycle in marriage are criticized on philosophical (theoretical) and technical (clinical) grounds. Underneath the smoke-screen of anger there is the fire of hurt feelings. Dealingwith these feelings decreases the expression of anger and helps the couple reach “real” intimacy: the sharing of hurt feelings. Victories we can sharewith anybody. Anybody is willing to share victories with us. Hurt feelings, on the other hand, belong within the marriage.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare their use with that of industry generally in terms of energy efficiency and energy efficiency, and show that their use is comparable to that of the industry generally.
Abstract: How does your use compare with that of industry generally?
TL;DR: Three methods for programming the differential reinforcement of low rate were explained, labeled, illustrated by research studies, and analyzed, but not compared, but an analysis of their differences and similarities was discussed.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: Lana has demonstrated her competence in answering more and less questions directed toward discrete numbers of variable sizes of washers, and it is probable that such operations as addition, subtraction, and intersection can be taught to her as these operations have their correlates in environmental actions and linguistic operations.
Abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter provides an overview of acquisition and use of mathematical skills by a linguistic chimpanzee. As of summer, 1976, Lana has demonstrated her competence in answering more and less questions directed toward discrete numbers of variable sizes of washers. As surface area and mass were randomly varied in the selection of the washers on any trial, Lana was only consistently rewarded for correctly labeling number. Lana's high test performance at the 89% level also suggested that number was the cue to which she was responding, especially as her errors occurred on the ratios with large numbers of washers or on the ratios with very similar component portions. The results from the two control tests further suggested that Lana was making her responses based on number of washers. Future mathematical research with Lana includes teaching her the names of precise numbers and the ordinal relationships involved among the numbers 1–10. It is conceivable that mental number manipulation in terms of summing (addition) might already be in Lana's repertoire of mathematical skills. If it is not, it is probable that such operations as addition, subtraction, and intersection can be taught to her as these operations have their correlates in environmental actions and linguistic operations. As Lana is also a language project chimpanzee, it may be possible to delimit the meanings involved in the linguistic operations of and by the mathematical operations of addition and intersection.
TL;DR: The neutral protease activity copurified with esterase activity during ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-150 and was sensitive to ethylenediaminetetraacetate and was significantly activated by divalent ions.
Abstract: Saccharomycopsis lipolytica 37-1 produced two inducible extracellular proteases, one under neutral or alkaline growth conditions and the second under acid conditions. Secretion of the neutral protease was repressed in the presence of glycerol or glucose, both of which supported rapid growth of the organism. Ammonium ions also repressed the secretion of the enzyme. The neutral protease activity copurified with esterase activity during ammonium sulfate fractionation, chromatography on diethylaminoethyl-cellulose, and gel filtration on Sephadex G-150. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 42,000 by sucrose density gradient centrifugation and 38,500 by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The purified enzyme had a pH optimum of 6.8. Phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride inhibited both protease and esterase activities, indicating the presence of a serine residue in the active center. Protease, but not esterase, activity was sensitive to ethylenediaminetetraacetate and was significantly activated by divalent ions. Dithiothreitol inhibited both protease and esterase activities, indicating the presence of a critical disulfide bridge. The enzyme hydrolyzed casein (Km = 25.6 μM) and hemoglobin as well as the nitrophenyl esters of tyrosine (Km = 2.4 mM), glycine, tryptophan, and phenylalanine.
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the photoelectron angular distribution of electrons in an open-shell atom, having outer configuration $n{s}^{2}n{p}^{q}$, is not described by the asymmetry parameter $\ensuremath{\beta}=2$, as predicted by more approximate theories, but has dramatic variations with energy even within the coupling.
Abstract: It is shown that the photoelectron angular distribution of $s$ electrons in an open-shell atom, having outer configuration $n{s}^{2}n{p}^{q}$, is not described by the asymmetry parameter $\ensuremath{\beta}=2$, as predicted by more approximate theories, but has dramatic variations with energy even within $\mathrm{LS}$ coupling. Calculations for the $3s$ subshell in Cl are presented as an example.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this article, male and female subjects evaluated a male after watching a videotape of him with his girlfriend, and found that the attractiveness and intelligence of the girlfriend was varied, and that the male was evaluated more favorably when his partner was more attractive or more intelligent.
Abstract: Male and female subjects evaluated a male after seeing a videotape of him with his girlfriend. The attractiveness and intelligence of the girlfriend was varied. A multivariate analysis of variance on 10 dependent measures showed the male to be evalu ated more favorably when his partner was more attractive or more intelligent. Univariate analysis showed attractiveness affected all of the dependent measures. Intelligence affected a more select group of attributes--talent, self-confidence, and intelli gence--but affected this group about as much as attractiveness did. Intelligence and beauty have special and different places in the interpersonal marketplace.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: Lana progressed rapidly in her training and mastered the system more readily than had been anticipated, and she spontaneously began using stock sentences for purposes different from those she had originally been taught were appropriate, and yet her novel uses of these sentences were completely suitable to the situations at hand.
Abstract: Publisher Summary
This chapter discusses Lana's acquisition of many critical language skills. Lana progressed rapidly in her training and mastered the system more readily than had been anticipated. All of these spontaneous innovations reveal a considerable degree of abstracting and generalizing ability; Lana's performances on occasion involved transferring information learned in one situation to another and generalizing skills learned in limited contexts to deal with broader problems. The first instance of Lana's spontaneous acquisition of linguistic-type skills was the most crucial—her learning to read lexigrams. Without specific training, Lana did learn how to read the projected lexigrams, and she also grasped the importance of their serial order to the point that she could complete valid sentences begun for her or erase invalid sentence beginnings presented to her by the experimenter. Lana's novel use of stock sentences reflects in a different way her mastery of the abstract concepts that underlie language use. In response to a problem situation, she spontaneously began using stock sentences for purposes different from those she had originally been taught were appropriate, and yet her novel uses of these sentences were completely suitable to the situations at hand. Subsequently, Lana moved beyond the stock-sentence phase and began composing entirely novel and appropriate sentences on her own.
01 Jan 1977
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of drug use among the elderly: A Review of Drug Use Among the Elderly: A review of the effects of psychedelics on the elderly is presented.
Abstract: (1977). Drug Use Among the Elderly: A Review. Journal of Psychedelic Drugs: Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 25-37.
TL;DR: A core temperature telemetry system is described which includes a transmitter and circuitry for signal reception, noise elimination and computer interfacing, and has proven to be sensitive to rapid fluctuations in core temperature.
TL;DR: Isolates of Candida albicans with sparse filamentation and weak fermentation were isolated from the surface microlayer of the North Sea, but not from subsurface waters, which may be misidentified by using normal taxonomic procedures.
Abstract: Isolates of Candida albicans with sparse filamentation and weak fermentation were isolated from the surface microlayer of the North Sea, but not from subsurface waters Such atypical isolates may be misidentified by using normal taxonomic procedures
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01 Sep 1977TL;DR: How do females compare with males in one industry with unusually heavy participation by saleswomen?
Abstract: How do females compare with males in one industry with unusually heavy participation by saleswomen?