National Institute of Technology, Raipur

About: National Institute of Technology, Raipur is a education organization based out in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Fault (power engineering). The organization has 1549 authors who have published 3229 publications receiving 25258 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Raipur & Govt. College of Mining & Metallurgy.

Artificial neural networks as classification and diagnostic tools for lymph node-negative breast cancers

Abstract: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used to develop a technique to classify lymph node negative breast cancer that is prone to distant metastases based on gene expression signatures. The neural network used is a multilayered feed forward network that employs back propagation algorithm. Once trained with DNA microarray-based gene expression profiles of genes that were predictive of distant metastasis recurrence of lymph node negative breast cancer, the ANNs became capable of correctly classifying all samples and recognizing the genes most appropriate to the classification. To test the ability of the trained ANN models in recognizing lymph node negative breast cancer, we analyzed additional idle samples that were not used beforehand for the training procedure and obtained the correctly classified result in the validation set. For more substantial result, bootstrapping of training and testing dataset was performed as external validation. This study illustrates the potential application of ANN for breast tumor diagnosis and the identification of candidate targets in patients for therapy.

Courtyard houses: An overview

Abstract: In old traditional residences, the courtyard was the focal point of the house. Most, if not all, rooms of the house had a direct connection with the courtyard. Courtyards served privacy purposes where they maximized interior relationships and openness while keeping the outside separate. Not only were courtyards used as social family gathering spaces, they were also a source of air flow and thermal comfort to the residence. Courtyard Houses have been most popular in residential architecture all over the world and in all climatic regions. Courtyard can be square, rectangular, round or amorphous, generated by placement of rooms or buildings around it. In hot arid climates such houses provide a greater measure of comfort. The courtyards supply light and cool air to the rooms around it. Air circulation within this confined space relies largely on the proportions of the surrounding walls and positioning of window openings in the surrounding rooms. Breeze and shading in the courtyard help in creating comfortable living conditions during day and sleeping conditions during night. In this paper various attributes of courtyard houses are discussed. The degree of enclosure, the size and orientation of courtyard in terms of the bioclimatic significance is discussed.

A Survey on IoT-Based Healthcare System: Potential Applications, Issues, and Challenges

Abstract: Advances in information and communication technologies have led to the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT). In the modern healthcare environment, the usage of IoT technologies brings the convenience of physicians and patients, since they are applied to various medical areas (such as real-time monitoring, patient information management, and healthcare management). In the incoming world of the Internet of Things (IoT) for healthcare, diverse, and distributed devices will collect, examine, and transfer real-time medical statistics to open, private or hybrid clouds, making it possible to accumulate, pile, and analyze significant data streams in several new procedures, and activate context-dependent alarms. The current development of the traditional medical model toward the involved medicine can be improved by the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm involving sensors (environmental, wearable, and implanted) spread inside local environments with the objective to monitor the user’s health and initiate remote support. This state-of-the-art data gathering paradigm allows uninterrupted and pervasive medical data access from any connected device over the Internet and a novel health application ecosystem emerges. This paper represents a systematic survey of IoT-enabled healthcare system, their potential applications, issues, and challenges.

Variations in photovoltaic parameters of CdTe/CdS thin film solar cells by changing the substrate for the deposition of CdS window layer

Abstract: Herein, we report on the variation in photovoltaic (PV) parameters of CdTe/CdS thin-film solar cells fabricated by depositing Cadmium sulfide (CdS) window layers on soda lime, indium doped tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) coated glass substrates by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the cubic crystalline structure of the deposited CdS films and the highest diffraction intensity is observed in the film deposited on the FTO substrate. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images confirmed the homogenous, crack-free, and smooth nature of the films. The surface roughness values of the CdS films deposited on soda-lime, ITO, and FTO substrates were found to be 35.87, 27.49, and 14.32 nm, respectively. The band-gap values of the CdS films estimated from Tauc's plots are found to be in the range of 2.27–2.33 eV. The strong blue and green bands in PL spectra are found to peak at 560 nm. The peaks observed in the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra are corresponding to C-S, Cd-S, and S-C-N vibrations. To fabricate a CdTe/CdS cell, the CdTe layer is deposited on the ITO-CdS and FTO-CdS layers separately. A back contact of silver is pasted on the top layer to complete the solar cell structure and the variations in photovoltaic (PV) parameters were recorded and analyzed. The efficiencies of CdTe/CdS cells fabricated with ITO-CdS and FTO-CdS window layers were found as 8.47% and 9.65%, respectively.