National Institute of Technology, Raipur

About: National Institute of Technology, Raipur is a education organization based out in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Computer science & Fault (power engineering). The organization has 1549 authors who have published 3229 publications receiving 25258 citations. The organization is also known as: NIT Raipur & Govt. College of Mining & Metallurgy.

PPSF: A Privacy-Preserving and Secure Framework Using Blockchain-Based Machine-Learning for IoT-Driven Smart Cities

Abstract: With the evolution of the Internet of Things (IoT), smart cities have become the mainstream of urbanization. IoT networks allow distributed smart devices to collect and process data within smart city infrastructure using an open channel, the Internet. Thus, challenges such as centralization, security, privacy (e.g., performing data poisoning and inference attacks), transparency, scalability, and verifiability limits faster adaptations of smart cities. Motivated by the aforementioned discussions, we present a Privacy-Preserving and Secure Framework (PPSF) for IoT-driven smart cities. The proposed PPSF is based on two key mechanisms: a two-level privacy scheme and an intrusion detection scheme. First, in a two-level privacy scheme, a blockchain module is designed to securely transmit the IoT data and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique is applied to transform raw IoT information into a new shape. In the intrusion detection scheme, a Gradient Boosting Anomaly Detector (GBAD) is applied for training and evaluating the proposed two-level privacy scheme based on two IoT network datasets, namely ToN-IoT and BoT-IoT. We also suggest a blockchain-InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) integrated Fog-Cloud architecture to deploy the proposed PPSF framework. Experimental results demonstrate the superiority of the PPSF framework over some recent approaches in blockchain and non-blockchain systems.

Antibiotic resistance and wastewater: Correlation, impact and critical human health challenges

Abstract: The spread of bacterial antibiotic resistance (due to over and non-judicious use of antibiotics) is an apprehensive subjects matter and the role of wastewater treatment plants has been attracting particular interest. These stations are a reservoir of resistant bacteria, and the amount of bacteria released into the environment is very high and dangerous. The reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation is a practical solution for surmounting scarcity of water, but there are several health-related and environmental risks associated with this practice. It may increase antibiotic resistance (AR) levels in soil and water. Wastewater treatment plant effluents have been recognised as significant environmental AR reservoirs due to selective pressure generated by antibiotics that are frequently discharged in water. It also enhanced the possibility of horizontal gene transfer by increasing the abundance of the resistance gene. This review focuses on the emergence of antibiotic resistance in waste water, waste water treatment, challenges and their impact on human health. Based on the current state of the art, we conclude that the improvements in wastewater treatment technologies are required that not only remove solids, organic matter, and nutrients but also they could remove AR element and bacteria.