Praxis

About: Praxis is a nonprofit organization based out in Tallinn, Estonia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Medicine. The organization has 5311 authors who have published 6645 publications receiving 105752 citations.

Sequential Versus Combination Therapy of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Using Fluoropyrimidines, Irinotecan, and Bevacizumab: A Randomized, Controlled Study-XELAVIRI (AIO KRK0110).

Abstract: PurposeThe XELAVIRI trial investigated the optimal treatment strategy for patients with untreated metastatic colorectal cancer. We tested the noninferiority of initial treatment with a fluoropyrimi...

Apps in sleep medicine

Abstract: Users of mobile devices such as iPhones or iPads are offered a wide range of applications (apps) regarding sleep and sleep medicine. This article will give an overview about the apps that are available. Moreover, it will present how they work and determine if they can be used in therapy. The apps’ competence to count snoring noises had to be evaluated. This was done with a three-piece test set-up to analyze the apps’ ability to distinguish between snoring sounds and disturbing noises such as cars driving past the window, conversations in the bedroom, or even just the rustling of sheets and blankets. The tested apps monitor and record snoring noises well as long as they are used in a soundproof environment. In a real-life environment with various disturbing noises, the apps show difficulties in telling snoring sounds and other noises apart. The tested apps are not accurate enough to replace the common diagnostic standard in therapy. However, they can be a helpful addition. Especially, singles could use them who do not know if their snoring has improved with an OA and do not have anybody to ask.

Bacterial translocation in cultured enterocytes: Magnitude, specificity, and electron microscopic observations of endocytosis

Abstract: Previous in vivo evidence has shown that bacterial phagocytosis by enterocytes may be an initial step in bacterial translocation across the intestinal epithelium This study analyzed the interactions of cultured enterocytes, namely Caco-2 cells, with nine strains of enteric bacteria, tested in pure culture and in mixed culture These nine strains had a spectrum of invasive potential and included Salmonella typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes (three strains), Escherichia coli (three strains), Proteus mirabilis, and Enterococcus faecalis Numbers of viable intracellular bacteria recovered from Caco-2 cells were: L monocytogenes > S typhimurium > P mirabilis > E coli > E faecalis Uptake of a given microbe by enterocytes was strain-specific and was not influenced by the presence of another strain, regardless of the invasive ability of the coinfecting strain Electron microscopic visualization of bacterial adherence and uptake by Caco-2 cells indicated that the epithelial interactions of normal enteric bacteria were similar to these observed with invasive strains of salmonella and listeria

Development of distributed problem solving systems for dynamic environments

Abstract: As knowledge-based techniques are introduced in supervision and control applications, the need for a structured, methodological approach in the development of these systems increases. Current knowledge-based systems development methodologies are founded on individualistic models of expertise, and cannot face the challenge of interacting with humans or other systems in dynamic application environments. This article introduces a development method that combines models of expertise with interaction-based distributed artificial intelligence. The applicability of the method is demonstrated on an example of supervision of a power transmission network. The analysis of the proposed system is based on the KADS methodology. The design phase is structured in a series of steps: first, the domain description is used to select a model of distributed problem solving. Then, problem constraints and a set of design rules guide the mapping of the analysis' entities to a design solution. Design decisions are justified at every step. Alternative design proposals are experimentally compared with the aid of a multi-agent platform and a simulator. The experimental results indicate possible design refinements. Finally, the generality of the approach is discussed and future research directions are indicated. >