Showing papers by "Rajasthan Technical University published in 2017"

Optimal placement and sizing of capacitor using Limaçon inspired spider monkey optimization algorithm

Abstract: The power system is a complex interconnected network which can be subdivided into three components: generation, distribution, and transmission. Capacitors of specific sizes are placed in the distribution network so that losses in transmission and distribution is minimum. But the decision of size and position of capacitors in this network is a complex optimization problem. In this paper, Limacon curve inspired local search strategy (LLS) is proposed and incorporated into spider monkey optimization (SMO) algorithm to deal optimal placement and the sizing problem of capacitors. The proposed strategy is named as Limacon inspired SMO (LSMO) algorithm. In the proposed local search strategy, the Limacon curve equation is modified by incorporating the persistence and social learning components of SMO algorithm. The performance of LSMO is tested over 25 benchmark functions. Further, it is applied to solve optimal capacitor placement and sizing problem in IEEE-14, 30 and 33 test bus systems with the proper allocation of 3 and 5-capacitors. The reported results are compared with a network without a capacitor (un-capacitor) and other existing methods.

Floating solar photovoltaic systems: An overview and their feasibility at Kota in Rajasthan

Abstract: Floating solar power plant is an innovative approach of using photovoltaic modules on water infrastructures to conserve the land along with increase in efficiency of the module. Additionally, the water is also conserved due to reduction in evaporation of water from the water body. The plant can be installed on a pond, lake, reservoir, or on any other water body. This paper focuses on the floating PV technology, describing the types of floating PV plant along with studies carried out on some floating solar plants. India, with huge energy demand and scarcity of waste land for solar photovoltaic plant in cities, can harness solar energy through floating PV plant technology for sustainable energy production. In this paper, some of the floating PV plants installed in India are reviewed. Feasibility of installing 1 MW floating PV plant each at Kota barrage and Kishore Sagar lake in Kota, Rajasthan are also presented. Energy that could be produced by the two plants along with amount of water saved from evaporation and reduction in CO 2 emissions are also calculated in this paper. 1 MW floating plant at Kota barrage could produce 18,38,519 kWh energy per year and could save 37 million litres of water and can reduce about 1,714 tonnes of CO 2 emissions annually. 1 MW floating plant at Kishore Sagar lake could produce 18,58,959 kWh electrical energy per year and could save 37 million litres of water and can reduce about 1,733 tonnes of CO 2 emissions annually.

A modified PID control with adaptive fuzzy controller applied to DC motor

Abstract: This paper represents a modified PID control using adaptive fuzzy controller A critique of performance of conventional PID and Adaptive fuzzy logic tuned PID controller applied to DC motor is provided A fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is evolved for tuning the three terms of PID controller automatically as per the fuzzy rules The adaptive FLC produces correction values for conventional PID controller, that are varying online with the system output The complete system consisting of adaptive fuzzy PID controller along with DC motor model is simulated using MATLAB/Simulink A comparison of conventional PID with adaptive fuzzy PID controller is demonstrated for reference speed tracking and load disturbance The results show that, the adaptive fuzzy tuned PID controller provides better dynamic behavior of DC motor with low rise time, low settling time, minimum overshoot and low steady-state error in speed and thus provides superior performance

Power law-based local search in spider monkey optimisation for lower order system modelling

Abstract: The nature-inspired algorithms NIAs have shown efficiency to solve many complex real-world optimisation problems. The efficiency of NIAs is measured by their ability to find adequate results within a reasonable amount of time, rather than an ability to guarantee the optimal solution. This paper presents a solution for lower order system modelling using spider monkey optimisation SMO algorithm to obtain a better approximation for lower order systems and reflects almost original higher order system's characteristics. Further, a local search strategy, namely, power law-based local search is incorporated with SMO. The proposed strategy is named as power law-based local search in SMO PLSMO. The efficiency, accuracy and reliability of the proposed algorithm is tested over 20 well-known benchmark functions. Then, the PLSMO algorithm is applied to solve the lower order system modelling problem.

Selection of Membership Functions Based on Fuzzy Rules to Design an Efficient Power System Stabilizer

Abstract: This paper presents an evaluation of membership functions on a single-machine infinite-bus and two-area four-machine ten-bus power system with power system stabilizers (PSSs). The PSS is added to an excitation system to enhance the damping during low-frequency oscillations. In this paper, the system is analysed for fuzzy logic power system stabilizer (FPSS) with different membership functions (MFs). The speed deviation ( $$\Delta \omega$$ ) and acceleration ( $$\Delta \dot{\omega }$$ ) of the rotor of a synchronous generator are taken as the input to the fuzzy logic controller to improve small signal stability by enhancing damping. The effect of these variables on damping at the generator shaft mechanical oscillation is very significant. The stabilizing signals were computed using the different fuzzy membership functions in the Mamdani inference system. The general membership functions under consideration are triangular, trapezoidal, Gaussian, bell, sigmoid and polynomial types. The performance of the fuzzy logic PSS with different membership functions is compared to get best-suited MF to design an FPSS. The best-performing MF is found based on simulation study with both power systems and with varying no. of linguistic variables as well. It is found that, If the number of linguistic variables is 3 or 5, the preferred best-suited membership function appears as the Gaussian type, while with increased linguistic variables as 7 or above, then the triangular MF is preferable as the performance is better in comparison with Gaussian MF.

Comparison of floating photovoltaic plant with solar photovoltaic plant for energy generation at Jodhpur in India

Abstract: Floating Photovoltaic (FPV) power plant on any water body is a Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) plant that is installed on water, instead of land. The water body may be lake, pond, river, canal etc. This paper attempts to calculate and compare energy generation from 1 MW SPV and FPV power plants at Jodhpur city in India using Excel spreadsheet. FPV power plant has numerous advantages over SPV plant. Some of them are: i) Higher electrical energy generation due to low module temperature; ii) Reduction in water evaporation from the water body and thereby conserving valuable potable water; iii) No land requirement for installing the power plant as FPV system floats on the water; and iv) Reduction in the length of power transmission lines as water bodies such as ponds are always close to inhabited areas. However, cost of installation of FPV increases due to need of floating platform on the water body. The solar radiation data for Jodhpur city are taken from National Institute of Wind Energy (NIWE) Wind-Solar data portal. The annual global horizontal radiation for the period of January 01st, 2016 to December 31st, 2016 is estimated as 1.98 MWh/m2. The annual performance ratio and capacity utilization factor for 1 MW SPV are estimated as 79.52% and 19.11% respectively. The annual performance ratio and capacity utilization factor for 1 MW FPV are estimated as 81.49% and 19.58% respectively. 1 MW FPV could save 191.174 million litres of water from being evaporated annually. FPV system compared to SPV system is found to have 2.48% higher energy generation annually with 14.56% reduction in average module temperature.

Sentiment analysis of smart phone product review using SVM classification technique

Abstract: There is a massive increase in number of people who access various social networking and micro-blogging websites that gives new shape to the impression of today's generation. Several reviews for a specific product, brand, individual personality, forum sand movies etc. are very helpful in directing the perception of people. Hence the analysts are commenced to create algorithms to automate the classification of distinctive reviews on the basis of their polarities particularly: Positive, Negative and Neutral. This automated classification mechanism is referred as Sentiment Analysis. The ultimate aim of this paper is to apply Support Vector Machine (SVM) classification technique to classify the sentiment sand texts for smart phone product review that analyses different datasets used for classification of sentiments and texts. Furthermore, various data sets have been utilized for training as well as testing and implemented using Support Vector Machine (SVM) to investigate polarity of the ambiguous tweets. The experimental work includes three performance features such as Precision, Recall and F-measure. On the basis of these features, the accuracy of the different products has been computed. The obtained result approves high accuracy as predicted on the basis of smart phone reviews.

A robust PID controller for load frequency control of single area re-heat thermal power plant using elephant herding optimization techniques

Abstract: This paper presented a novel known as Elephant Herding Optimization for designing a load frequency controller for single area reheat thermal power plant to damping the oscillations of system frequency The PID controller parameters are employed to search using Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) techniques The proposed controller for the power system is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK for a step change in load demand The proposed method improves the performances of the power system in terms of time specifications such as settling time, overshoot and undershoot Furthermore, it shows the robustness of the proposed PID controller under variation of system parameters The performance is compared with the PID controllers in literature and found to be robust in performance

A novel Elephant Herding Optimization based PID controller design for Load frequency control in power system

Abstract: This paper presented a new approach known as Elephant Herding Optimization for designing a load frequency controller for single-area non-reheat power system to damping the oscillations of the frequency response in the power system. Elephant Herding Optimization Algorithm is employed to search the parameters of the PID controllers. The PID controller tuned using Elephant Herding Optimization (EHO) techniques. The proposed controller is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK for a single area power system with step change in load demand. The proposed method based PID controller improves the performances of the power system in terms of time specifications such as undershoot, overshoot and settling time. The performance is compared with the PID controllers in literature and found to be superior in performance.

Potential of floating photovoltaic system for energy generation and reduction of water evaporation at four different lakes in Rajasthan

Abstract: Floating Photovoltaic systems (FPV) or floating solar photovoltaic power plants are gaining popularity and are now slowly being installed on large scale. FPV systems provides green energy with conservation of water and land simultaneously. Such a system can help resolve energy, land, and water crisis of a state like Rajasthan, India. The feasibility study of installing FPV system at Ana Sagar lake (Ajmer), Kaylana lake (Jodhpur), Kishore Sagar lake (Kota), and Man Sagar lake (Jaipur) are presented in this paper. The AC energy produced by FPV system, by covering 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% of lake's area are calculated for each of the lakes using RETScreen Expert software. Estimated savings in water by reduction in evaporation due to FPV are calculated by using five different empirical relations for each case of 5% to 20% area coverage for all the four lakes. The potential of FPV system is highest for Man Sagar lake (Jaipur) followed by Kaylana lake (Jodhpur), Ana Sagar lake (Ajmer), and least for Kishore Sagar lake (Kota).

Optimal power flow analysis using Lévy flight spider monkey optimisation algorithm

Abstract: Optimal power flow OPF is the most requisite tool in the power system analysis. The OPF is relatively a difficult constrained optimisation problem and broadly solved by conventional as well as modern intelligent methods. In this paper the authors proposed a Levy flight spider monkey optimisation LFSMO algorithm to solve the standard OPF problem for IEEE 30-bus system, which is proposed to improve the exploitation capability of spider monkey optimisation SMO algorithm. The performance of LFSMO is evaluated by testing it over 25 benchmark functions.

Reliability Improvement of Distribution System by Optimal Sitting and Sizing of Disperse Generation

Abstract: Recent studies have publicized that renewable energy resources are the only answer to trim down energy crisis and also able to diminish green house gases. Thats why disperse generation is very significant for sustainable development in power sector. This paper presents an analytical algorithm to find optimal location and a best suitable size of distributed generator (DG) to minimize system losses. Authors also prove that scatter generation is used not only to reduce the gap between demand and supply of power with minimum amount losses, but it can also improve the reliability of distribution system. The results obtained from a case study of 34 bus radial distribution system have proved the efficiency of algorithms for loss minimization and competency of DG to enhance the reliability indices of the conventional distribution system.

Application of SFS algorithm in control of DC motor and comparative analysis

Abstract: The authors present an application of Stochastic Fractal Search (SFS) algorithm in control of DC motor. SFS algorithm uses the concept of Fractal. Here, integration of time multiplied absolute error (ITAE) has been taken as an objective function for tuning the parameters of PID controller by SFS algorithm. Comparison of proposed scheme (SFS/PID) with other existing techniques has also been shown. It has been observed that proposed SFS/PID approach with ITAE as an objective function gives no overshoot and other parameters such as; settling time and rise time are also comparable with other existing techniques. Also, the robustness analysis of proposed SFS/PID scheme has also been carried out with parameters' variation of DC motor along with the comparative analysis.

Design and implementation of a smart solid waste monitoring and collection system based on Internet of Things

Abstract: Solid waste generated is an ever growing problem at local regions or at global levels. There is proper disposal of solid wastes pollute all the components of the green environment (i.e., air, land and water) at regional and global levels. Since there is rapid increase in producing or consumptions, quantity of wastes generated by the urban society has increased. The problem is more faced in the developing countries than in developed countries, as the economic growth as well as urbanization is more rapid. The continuous flow of garbage in all places where public people move around creates the unhygienic situations. It may invoke several injurious diseases among the nearby people. To avoid such a situation and to improve the cleaning, ‘smart waste management system’ is proposed. In the proposed system, the completeness of waste in the dustbins is checked with the help of Sensors used in the system, and information is sent to the required control room through GSM/GPRS system. Renesas Microcontroller is used to communicate the sensor system with GSM system. An android application is been designed to monitor the information related to the waste for different selected locations. Through this the collection of garbage can be made efficiently.

Review on Inertia Weight Strategies for Particle Swarm Optimization

Abstract: In the category of swarm intelligence based algorithms, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is an effective population-based metaheuristic used to solve complex optimization problems. In PSO, global optima is searched with the help of individuals. For the efficient search process, individuals have to explore whole search space as well as have to exploit the identified search area. Researchers are continuously working to balance these two contradictory properties i.e. exploration and exploitation and have been modified the PSO in many different ways to improve its solution search capability in the search space. In this regard, incorporation of inertia weight strategy in PSO is a significant modification and after that many researchers have been developed different inertia weight strategies to improve the solution search capability of PSO. This paper presents an analysis of the developed inertia weight strategies in respect to problem-solving capability and their effect in the solution search process of PSO. The effect of 30 recent inertia weight strategies on PSO is measured while comparing over ten well known test functions of having different degree of complexity and modularity.

Facial expression recognition using Gabor filter and multi-layer artificial neural network

Abstract: This paper deciphers the Facial Expression Recognition (FER) using Gabor Filter and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), extracts the facial expression using Gabor filter and then classify the facial expressions using the multi-layer artificial neural network. Recognizing facial expressions of human beings in an image processing by a computer is an interesting and challenging research work. This paper is based on detection and classification of facial emotion expressions. At first, we design an algorithm to detect the face reason image in the whole image using Viola-Jones detection algorithm, then by using Gabor filter extracts the facial features in the spatial domain. The Gabor filter is used to capture the whole frequency spectrum in all directions. And then extract meaningful facial features using Gabor Filter. Finally, they have been successfully classified the facial expressions using the extracted Gabor features of face image used as an input to the Artificial Neural Network classifier. The experimental results on database images of JAFFE show the robustness and better recognition rates of the proposed approach.

A Review on Optimal Inclination Angles for Solar Arrays

Abstract: The knowledge of solar radiation falling on horizontal surface is the fundamental requirement for installing and monitoring the solar technologies. Due to variable nature of sun radiation, the power production of solar photovoltaic is fluctuating as compare to conventional power plant that’s why the cost of power is increase. During the many decades, in order to estimate the horizontal components of solar radiation on hourly, daily and monthly mean basis have been estimated by different empirical models. There is one possible solution to improve the power production cost by changing the tilt angle and orientation angle on the basis of different factors such as time, season and location. To capture the maximum solar radiation inclination angle play an important role. The purpose of this study is to provide a review of different diffuse models proposed in past and provides the optimal tilt angle for different locations around the world on the basis of monthly, seasonally, bi-annually and yearly. This review would be beneficial for the further research in solar energy in term of, to identify the optimal tilt angle and collection of radiation for different location in the globe. Additionally, to get the proper accuracy and reliability of orientation angle and tilt angle to get the strong correlation with solar radiation for different time periods such as monthly, seasonally, half yearly and yearly at desired location.

Marichev-Saigo-Maeda fractional calculus operators, Srivastava polynomials and generalized Mittag-Leffler function

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to evaluate four theorems for generalized fractional integral and derivative operators, applied on the product of Srivastava polynomials and generalized Mittag-Leffler function. The results are expressed in terms of generalized Wright function. Further, we also point out their relevance with the known results.

Grid connected solar PV system design and calculation by using PV∗SOL premium simulation tool for campus hostels of RTU Kota

Abstract: This paper present a study for solar PV system designing and calculation for Hostel buildings in the campus of Rajasthan Technical University(RTU), Kota, Rajasthan, India. This study shows a 234 kW grid connected solar photovoltaic system, can generate sufficient amount of electrical power as compare to consumption and mitigate the energy consumption from grid supply as well as reduce the grid dependence. Financial analysis of these systems by assuming some parameters is also done in this study.

A Novel Fuzzy Rule Matrix Design for Fuzzy Logic-based Power System Stabilizer

Abstract: In this paper, fuzzy logic-based power system stabilizer (FPSS) is designed to have effective damping. As to achieve impressive performance of a controlled plant, the rule base/fuzzy rule matrix (FRM) of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) is designed by trial–error method, which is a time-consuming process. In this paper, a systematic procedure is given to design FRM for effective damping of single-machine infinite-bus (SMIB) and two-area four-machine ten-bus power system. To design the novel FRM, the existing rule tables, proposed by different researchers, are tested with SMIB system, and empirical relationships have been drawn. The response validity and rule justification is carried out using linguistic phase-plane trajectory method. Finally, the contribution to design FRM is made to get effective damping for SMIB as well as a multi-machine system. The effectiveness of the FPSS based on the proposed FRM over a wide range of operating conditions on SMIB system and the comparison of system response wi...

Viability of grid-connected solar PV system for a village of rajasthan

Abstract: In this study, financial and environmental assessment is done for a solar PV system for a village of Jhalawar, Rajasthan, India In this paper, PV system's capital cost, payback period, discount rate and internal rate of return of the system are calculated According to the electrical energy demand of village, the photovoltaic system of 5877 kW is calculated In this study, performance, financial, and emission analysis of 600 kW grid connected system photovoltaic system is done by using RETScreen Expert The annual energy production from 600 kW SPV plant is evaluated by using PVGIS and PVWatts online tool The results of this study encourage the use of PV systems in terms of cost and to electrify the village by clean energy source

Speed control of DC servo motor using genetic algorithm

Abstract: In this article, the speed and position control of a DC servo motor using a new approach known as Genetic Algorithm (GA) tuned PID controller The parameters of PID controller are optimized by using Genetic Algorithm (GA) The Simulink model of a DC servo motor (DCSM) is reflected as a third order system This article contains two types of control strategies such as GA tuned PID controller and ZN tuned PID controller The prototype of DC servo motor is simulated in MATLAB/SIMULINK platform DC servo motor's performance with proposed GA-PID and ZN-PID is equated with the performances of the PID controller in literature The proposed GA tuned PID controller give better results as compared to the proposed ZN-PID and PID controller in literature The main motive of this article is to controlling the speed and position of DC servo motor using soft computing techniques and the result of proposed technique gives better results as fewer number of iterations The proposed GA tuned PID provides improved performance as compared to PID controller in literature in terms of time specification such as settling time and rise time

Optimal design of fuzzy logic controller for automatic voltage regulator

Abstract: In this research, the application of Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) based Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) system is presented. The AVR is a device to control the reactive power and hold the terminal voltage of the synchronous generator at safer limits. In this paper FLC based, AVR system is analyzed with Triangular membership functions (MF). Two inputs, error voltage and change in error voltage are considered as inputs of the FLC. In this study, triangular MF is considered and checked the performance of fuzzy AVR system with different proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers in literature. It is found that the proposed FLC based AVR system reflects better performance in comparison to PID controller based AVR system.

Design of digital PID controller for voltage mode control of DC-DC converters

Abstract: DC/DC converters are massively used for switchmode regulated power supply, renewable energy conversion systems and electrical drives. Conventionally analog methods were popular for control of these converters. This paper elucidates a digital controller using digital filter architecture, which supports fixed-point algorithm. Digital controller application to DC/DC converters has always been considered because of their superiority over analog controller. In digital controller, the control strategy can be altered or reprogrammed without the need of significant hardware changes. The digital controller improves response of DC-DC converter by varying loop-gain, cross-over frequency and phase margin. Closed loop digital control of buck and boost converter is presented and the results are obtained for varying operating conditions and verified using MATLAB/Simulink.

Subordination conditions for a class of non-bazilevič type defined by using fractional q-calculus operators

Abstract: In this article, we introduce and investigate a new class of non-Bazilevic functions with respect to k-symmetric points defined by using fractional q-calculus operators and q-differentiation. Several interesting subordination results are derived for the functions belonging to this class in the open unit disc. Furthermore, we point out some new and known consequences of our main result.

Image watermarking using IWT-SVD and its comparative analysis with DWT-SVD

Abstract: In this era of internet, protection of digital images has become an important concern. Digital image watermarking is a scheme that has been developed to protect confidential digital images from illegal copy and manipulations. There are various methods of watermarking but to achieve good imperceptibility and robustness, a combined image watermarking algorithm based on Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT) and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) has been developed here. Another aim of this paper is to compare the performance of IWT-SVD algorithm at different scaling factors with DWT-SVD technique. The experimental results have been shared for both the techniques and different evaluation parameters such as; Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) have been calculated & compared in tabular forms.

PSO based optimal distributed generation placement and sizing in power distribution networks: A comprehensive review

Abstract: Integration of the distributed energy resources in power distribution network has emerged as a significant method to optimize the operation and planning of the power distribution network. The optimal distributed generation placement comprises of obtaining the optimal size and location of the DGs to be placed. Various methods and techniques have been used to obtain the best possible results for optimal DG placement so far with varying objectives and outcomes. This paper gives an overview of the research and development of the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm for the optimal distributed generation placement (ODGP) problems, examining and segregating the several models and methods in this field. Future possibilities in modifying the application of PSO for ODGP have also been discussed in this paper.