Institution
South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control
Government•Columbia, South Carolina, United States•
About: South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control is a government organization based out in Columbia, South Carolina, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Public health. The organization has 334 authors who have published 315 publications receiving 11187 citations.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
More filters
••
15 citations
••
TL;DR: Using 3 definitions of rurality, statistically significant differences were found in demographic characteristics, timing of HIV diagnosis and the proportion of rural residents diagnosed with HIV in SC.
Abstract: Purpose
To gain a better understanding of the HIV epidemic in rural South Carolina (SC) by contrasting 3 definitions of rural and urban areas.
Methods
The sample included newly diagnosed HIV cases aged ≥18 years in SC between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2011. Each individual was assigned a rural or urban status as defined by the Office of Management and Budget (OMB), Census Bureau (CB), and Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) classifications. Descriptive statistics were conducted to compare sociodemographic characteristics, CD4 counts, viral loads, and time to AIDS diagnosis between rural and urban populations. Kappa statistics measured the agreement between the 3 definitions of rurality.
Findings
Depending on the definition used, the proportion of newly diagnosed HIV cases in rural areas varied from 23.3% to 32.0%. Based on the OMB and RUCA definitions, rural residents with HIV were more likely to be older, women, black, and non-Hispanic, report heterosexual contact, and have an AIDS diagnosis within 1 year of their HIV diagnosis. The OMB and RUCA definitions had a nearly perfect agreement (kappa = 0.8614; 95% CI = 0.8457, 0.8772), while poor agreements were noted between the OMB and CB or the RUCA and CB definitions.
Conclusion
When examining the rural HIV epidemic, how “rural” is defined matters. Using 3 definitions of rurality, statistically significant differences were found in demographic characteristics, timing of HIV diagnosis and the proportion of rural residents diagnosed with HIV in SC. The findings suggest possible misclassification biases that may adversely influence services and resource distribution.
15 citations
••
TL;DR: The preliminary data suggest that this unqiue black allele marker may be of potentially significance in studies of human lipid metabolism and in microevolution.
Abstract: Human apolipoprotein A-IV (apoA-IV) exhibits a genetically determined structural polymorphism amenable to analysis by isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting techniques. We have determined the allele frequency and molecular basis of a unique ApoA-IV*5 allele which is widely distributed among blacks but is absent in other populations. The frequency of the ApoA-IV*5 allele in blacks (N = 308) was estimated to be 3.2%. In comparison to the common ApoA-IV*1 allele, analysis of coding and non-coding sequences of the ApoA-IV*5 allele revealed an in-frame insertion of 12 nucleotides near the carboxyl terminal region of the mature protein. The insertion involves an exact duplication of the second of the four repeats and codes for 4 amino acids glutamic acid (GAA), glutamine (CAG), glutamine (CAG), and glutamine (CAG) and is responsible for the charge shift of the the apoA-IV 5 isoform slightly toward the anode as compared to the wild type apoA-IV 1 isoform on the isoelectric focusing gel. This in-frame insertion occurs in a region which is highly conserved among rat, mouse, and humans. In addition to the 12 nucleotide insertion, the four individuals sequenced for the ApoA-IV*5 allele also revealed a same-sense mutation by replacing G to T at the third position of codon 316. Our preliminary data suggest that this unqiue black allele marker may be of potentially significance in studies of human lipid metabolism and in microevolution. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
15 citations
••
University of Illinois at Chicago1, Arizona Department of Health Services2, Illinois Department of Public Health3, Michigan Department of Community Health4, Nebraska Department of Health & Human Services5, North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services6, South Carolina Department of Health and Environmental Control7, Washington State Department of Health8, Wisconsin Department of Health Services9
TL;DR: This multistate analysis revealed differences in the epidemiology of yersiniosis by race/ethnicity that may be useful for future research and prevention efforts.
Abstract: Objectives.Yersiniosis, a foodborne infection of zoonotic origin caused by the bacteria Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, is a reportable disease in 38 states. Both sporadic ...
15 citations
••
TL;DR: This commentary evaluates the reliability of treatment decisions made on the basis of fever as currently defined, interprets temperature measurements, reviews functions and causes of fever, suggests objectives, options, and recommendations for fever management, and describes tools for screening and for protocol development.
Abstract: espite evidence to the contrary,' clinicians perpetuate the presumption that body temperature above 38°C universally defines fever. Such definitive numbers should be assigned on the basis of evidence so that children at high risk are appropriately evaluated and children at low risk do not receive unnecessary tests, procedures, or treatment. To help practicing pediatricians appropriately manage fever in infants, children, and adolescents, this commentary evaluates the reliability of treatment decisions made on the basis of fever as currently defined. This review also interprets temperature measurements, reviews functions and causes of fever, suggests objectives, options, and recommendations for fever management, and describes tools for screening and for protocol development. Definitions
15 citations
Authors
Showing all 336 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Ann L. Coker | 50 | 173 | 14097 |
Daniel Hunkeler | 42 | 174 | 5724 |
Maureen Sanderson | 41 | 133 | 7025 |
Marion A. Kainer | 28 | 96 | 6210 |
Erik R. Svendsen | 23 | 78 | 1767 |
Pamela L. Ferguson | 22 | 43 | 1489 |
Wayne A. Duffus | 21 | 49 | 1792 |
James J. Gibson | 18 | 33 | 1067 |
Jelani Kerr | 14 | 40 | 514 |
Pallavi Balte | 11 | 31 | 420 |
Daniela Nitcheva | 11 | 17 | 341 |
Khosrow Heidari | 10 | 23 | 307 |
Frances C. Wheeler | 9 | 20 | 421 |
Virginie G. Daguisé | 9 | 13 | 258 |
Nathan Hale | 9 | 30 | 393 |