Showing papers by "South Dakota State University published in 1969"
TL;DR: The connection between the dynamics of an object and the algorithmic level has been modified in this paper, based on two-level control, in introducing feedbacks, that is, a system of regulators at the level of the formed typed of gait only.
Abstract: The connection between the dynamics of an object and the algorithmic level has been modified in this paper, based on two-level control. The central modification consists in introducing feedbacks, that is, a system of regulators at the level of the formed typed of gait only. Such a modification originates from the assumption that a very narrow class of gait types needs to be taken into account when generating the gait. In the paper the gait has been formed on the basis of a fixed program having a kinematic-dynamic character. The kinematic part concerns the kinematic programnmed connections for activating the lower extremities, while the dynamic part exposes appropriate changes in the characteristic coordinates of the compensation system. Such a connection with a minimum number of coordinates extends the possibility of solving the problem of equilibrium in motion for one type of gait without any particular algorithm that would take into account the motion coordinates and form out of them a stable motion at a higher algebraic level.
625 citations
TL;DR: It is shown that it is important to take the channel into consideration when designing the quantizer even when the system is not constrained to operate in real time.
Abstract: We consider the transmission of numerical data over a noisy channel. Two sources of error exist. The first is the quantizer where the input data is mapped into a finite set of rational numbers and the second is the channel which includes the encoder, transmitter, transmission medium, receiver, and decoder. For any given probability density on the input data and any given channel matrix, we determine the quantization values and transition levels which minimize the total mean-square error. We also determine the best quantizer structure under the constraint that quantization values and transition levels be equally spaced. For the special case of a noiseless channel both results reduce to those of Max [2]. As an example we consider the case of Gaussian input data and phase-shift keyed (PSK) transmission in additive white Gaussian noise. The transmitter is both peak and average power limited, and the system operates in real time. Both the natural and Gray codes are considered. The mean-square error, quantizer entropy, channel capacity, and information rate are computed for the system using the optimum uniform quantizer. Finally, we show that it is important to take the channel into consideration when designing the quantizer even when the system is not constrained to operate in real time.
165 citations
128 citations
TL;DR: A new selenium metabolite was isolated from the urine of rats injected with Selenite, identified as a trimethylselenonium ion, a normal excretory product of selenite selenum.
121 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the ultraviolet and visible spectra of Mo 2 O 3 (C 5 H 7 O 2 ) 4 and MoO 2 (C 7 O 3 ) 2 have been obtained in a variety of solvents and the electronic transitions assigned.
35 citations
TL;DR: Results of two studies using practical and purified type diets with chickens showed that treatments involving selenium additions at a sub-toxic level, i.e. 2 p.p.m., was found to improve the growth rate of chicks on a practical diet.
30 citations
TL;DR: A 10% protein layer diet supplemented with methionine was adequate for 50 to 60% egg production for 7 months and supplementation with amino acids did not enhance egg production, egg size, Haugh unit values, shell thickness or body weight.
23 citations
TL;DR: Calculations demonstrate that when methionine did not show a response, either in egg numbers, egg weight or feed conversion, that protein intake was generally in excess of 16 gm/hen/day with a methionsine intake in excessof 300 mg./hen/ day.
20 citations
16 citations
TL;DR: Significant changes in the chemical composition of alfalfa due to mold action included lowered dry matter, ether extract, and nitrogen-free extract and higher pH, ash, and ammoniacal nitrogen and lower dry matter intake and body weight gain.
15 citations
TL;DR: A new species of mite, Tetrapolipus hippodamiae belonging to the family Podopolipidae, is described and notes are included on the life history and parasitic nature of the life stages.
Abstract: A new species of mite, Tetrapolipus hippodamiae belonging to the family Podopolipidae, is described and notes are included on the life history and parasitic nature of the life stages. The genus now has a distribution which extends to the Neartic region of the Western Hemisphere.
TL;DR: Little or no difference in cell fluorescence and enterotoxin production with both strains was found between Brain Heart Infusion broth and shrimp slurry cultures, and double gel diffusion for enteringotoxin detection and quantitation was verified.
Abstract: Both Staphylococcus aureus strains 243 and S-6 cells producing enterotoxin B and free enterotoxin in food and culture medium were rapidly demonstrated by using the fluorescent-antibody technique. Comparison of cell fluorescence and enterotoxin B production determined by double gel diffusion showed that an estimation of enterotoxin production could be made by observing the degree of cell fluorescence. The fluorescent-antibody technique was used to determine whether cells were producing enterotoxin under varying nutritional and environmental conditions: NaCl concentration, culture aeration, and time and temperature of incubation in Brain Heart Infusion broth and shrimp slurries. At the various NaCl concentrations, the fluorescence of cells was found positively associated with enterotoxin B production only during the first 12 hr of growth. As the NaCl concentration was increased from 0 to 10%, the fluorescence of cells and toxin production decreased. Maximum for cell fluorescence and enterotoxin production was observed at 37 C. Little or no difference in cell fluorescence and enterotoxin production with both strains was found between Brain Heart Infusion broth and shrimp slurry cultures. All results obtained with the fluorescent-antibody technique were verified with double gel diffusion for enterotoxin detection and quantitation.
TL;DR: In this paper, a theoretical and experimental study of solar radiation passing through a thin semi-transparent slab to heat a fluid is presented; the system of differential equations describing the temperature of the slab and the fluid as a function of time is derived and solved; the theoretical curves generated by the solution for the fluid temperature are compared with experimental readings obtained using water as the fluid and acrylic plastic (methyl-methacrylate) as the semitransparent material.
TL;DR: In this article, the steady, two-dimensional, incompressible laminar boundary-layer flow of power law fluids past a semi-infinite flat plate is studied analytically by the method of series expansion and the Method of steepest descent (Meksyn's method).
Abstract: The steady, two-dimensional, incompressible laminar boundary-layer flow of power law fluids past a semi-infinite flat plate is studied analytically by the method of series expansion and the method of steepest descent (Meksyn's method). The shear stress of the fluids considered is proportional to the nth power of the velocity gradient. The solution obtained is a series of gamma function with the coefficient being a function of the material constant, n. The first ten terms of the series solution are then considered for the sum to determine the velocity gradient at the plate, fηη(0). The results obtained for fηη(0) and the coefficient of skin friction are in excellent agreement with the numerical solutions available in the range of 0.1 ≤ n ≤ 2.5.
TL;DR: This paper considers the possibility of controlling an artificial upper extremity by a special-purpose computer, where the points that the extremity should reach are given in advance.
Abstract: This paper considers the possibility of controlling an artificial upper extremity by a special-purpose computer, where the points that the extremity should reach are given in advance.
TL;DR: In this paper, five varieties of grain, with two varieties planted on two different dates, were harvested with a grain combine with a corn head attachment, and the results indicated that poor ear attachment was a major factor causing very high ear losses for some varieties at kernel moisture below 25%.
TL;DR: The fat of fowl contains a relatively high proportion of unsaturated fatty acids, especially linoleic acid, compared to that of other commercial meat producing animals, so when there is desire to obtain a greater proportion of dietary fatty acid intake in the form of the polyunsaturated type, use of chicken or turkey should be a meat of choice.
TL;DR: To the authors' knowledge, this report is the first recorded isolation of T. gal/mae from wild fowl, although it had been recovered from chickens with favus.
Abstract: The head and neck of a sharp-tailed grouse (Pedioecetes phasianellus), collected in Washabaugh County, South Dakota, were submitted to the diagnostic laboratory for mycologic examination. Dry, yellow lesions 0.4 cm. to 1.3 cm. in diameter were observed on the skin of the neck; smaller lesions were located on the nictitating membrane. Similar lesions were observed on four other male grouse collected from the same breeding ground. Portions of the lesions cultured on Mycobiotic agarLU incubated at room temperature produced colonies of organisms identified as Tricbiopbiyton mentagrophytes. This dermatophyte is considered to be an etiological agent of ringworm disease in man and animals. Patiala (Papers on Game Res., 6: 43, 1961) reported a mycotic disease (favus) in a black-grouse (Tetra teirix) population of Finland. T. gal/mae was cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar inoculated with material from featherless lesions on the neck. This was the first recorded isolation of T. gal/mae from wild fowl, although it had been recovered from chickens with favus (Beach and Halpin, J. of Agr. Res., 15: 415, 1918; King, Agr. Gaz. N.S. Wales, 57: 499-500, 1946; Londero, Fischman and Olivier, Sabouraudia, 3: 233-234, 1964), and turkeys with favus (Menges and Georg, Vet. Med., 50: 293, 1955). Trichophyton gallopavumn, a dermatophyte similar to T. mentagrophytes and T. gallinae, has been isolated from turkeys with favus in France (Metinau, Lucais and Drouhet, Mycopath. Et. Mycolog. Appl., 30: 22-30, 1966). Microsporum gypseum, a geophilic dermatophyte, has been reported as a cause of favus in fowl (Londero, et al., Sabouraudia, 3: 233-234, 1964). Another geophilic dermatophyte, T. terrestre, was isolated from feathers of blackbirds (Turdus mnerula), which exhibited no signs of favus (Pugh, Sabouraudia, 3: 275-278, 1964). To our knowledge, this report is the first recorded isolation of T.
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: In this article, the electric breakdown of air and nitrogen was determined in test cell diameters of 2, 4, and 6 inches using electrode systems of a one-inch-diameter brass sphere to 1 4-inchdiameter square-edged brass plane and also using a sharp-pointed tungsten electrode to the same size brass plane.
Abstract: The electric breakdown of air and nitrogen was determined in test cell diameters of 2, 4, and 6 inches using electrode systems of a one-inch-diameter brass sphere to 1 4-inch-diameter square-edged brass plane and also using a sharp-pointed tungsten electrode to the same size brass plane. Also, these electrode systems were used in free ambient air with no enclosing cell. The electrode spacings used were from 100 to 2000 mils. Field plots of electric flux and equipotential lines were also made using conducting paper and copper-foil electrodes for these cell diameters and electrode systems.
TL;DR: Gehrke and Bowden as mentioned in this paper reported the results of studies on the reactions of several Group VIB compounds using ReOCI 3 MoO 3 or MI2Mo04.
01 Jan 1969
TL;DR: This paper reviewed a number of these and similar studies, and concluded that the Hull-Spence formulation is now confronted with such grave negative evidence that it requires extensive modification in order to remain a viable theory.
Abstract: Spence’s theory of discrimination learning (1936, 1937) which was orginally proposed to account for the phenomenon of transposition, is, when combined with certain postulates of the Hullian system, capable of dealing with an impressive range of empirical data from the related areas of stimulus generalization, transposition, and discrimination learning. A new class of study introduced by Hanson, (1957, 1959) based upon the comparison of generalization gradients obtained with and without prior discrimination training has, in the authors’ view, been a recent source of embarrassment for the Hull-Spence approach. The present paper reviews a number of these and similar studies, and concludes that the Hull-Spence formulation is now confronted with such grave negative evidence that it requires extensive modification in order to remain a viable theory.