Showing papers by "Stockholm School of Economics published in 1982"
TL;DR: The Irrationality of Action and Action Rationality: Decisions, Ideologies and Organizational Actions as mentioned in this paper is a book about the rationality of action and action rationality.
Abstract: The Irrationality of Action and Action Rationality : Decisions, Ideologies and Organizational Actions
505 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a survey carried out with a sample of 426 Swedish male adults was conducted, where questions were asked on attitudes to taxation, attitudes to tax crimes, the respondent's economic situation, tax evasion in the sense of underreporting income and overstating deductions, black payments, and tax planning.
165 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors address the following questions: What role does the board of directors play in wholly and partly owned foreign subsidiaries in MNCs? What is the composition and responsibility of the subsidiary boards? What are the potential determinants of the role and effectiveness of the board?
Abstract: This paper addresses the following questions: What role does the board of directors play in wholly and partly owned foreign subsidiaries in MNCs? What is the composition and responsibility of the subsidiary boards? What are the potential determinants of the role and effectiveness of the board? Three different roles are identified. The research indicates that certain strategic, structural, and environmental variables may explain differences in board functioning in different MNCs. The paper also discusses some factors which influence the functioning of the subsidiary board within an MNC.
54 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of tax schedule changes on prices and tenure choice in the Swedish housing market have been studied and it is shown that, given the present asymmetric treatment of owner-occupants vs. renters, an increase in the degree of progressivity is likely to lead to an increasein prices of both owner-occupied and rental housing.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a system of computable general equilibrium models for a small open economy is presented, which is intended for analysis of resource allocation problems in the long run, in which the economy's endowments of capital and labor can be reallocated among the production sectors in response to changes in world market conditions.
19 citations
TL;DR: This article used simple gratification scores derived from a convenience sample's assessment of actual news items and an equal number of similar but unpublished items to predict respondents' knowledge of city affairs, and found that while the sheer amount of reading does not covary with knowledge of local government, it matters why people read their local papers.
Abstract: Starting from a concept of two pursued gratifications—immediate rewards, relaxative reasons, pleasure-seeking, and the like; and delayed rewards, such as cognitive or instrumental reasons—it is suggested that these are two separate dimensions rather than a single dichotomy. These dimensions are believed to correlate quite differently with knowledge on municipal affairs as obtained from newspaper reading. Simple gratification scores are derived from a convenience sample's assessment of actual news items and an equal number of similar but unpublished items. These scores are used to predict respondents' knowledge score. Results indicate that while sheer amount of reading does not covary with knowledge of city affairs, it matters why people read their local papers. If the readers want to learn about municipal politics, they tend to be taught; consequently, if they read city affairs articles for fun, they learn rather little. Media effects seem to depend strongly on the motives of the media users—on the media ...
17 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors trace misconceptions about the use of models to the existence of different conceptions of the term “model.” Policy models are quite often less theory-based than models in the traditional disciplines, especially in cases where the policy models deal with the long-term developments of sociotechnical systems.
Abstract: With the increasing use of complex computer models for high-level policy decisionmaking, the problem of correctly interpreting and communicating model results becomes a more general concern. This paper traces misconceptions about the use of models to the existence of different conceptions of the term “model.” Policy models are quite often less theory-based than models in the traditional disciplines, especially in cases where the policy models deal with the long-term developments of sociotechnical systems. The authors examine the use of an example of one such model. Generalising from the authors' experiences in other fields of application, e.g., global modeling, the problems of interpreting model results are discussed. The proper use of future-oriented policy models is clarified by the introduction of typologies implying distinctions, e.g., between forecasting, “what-if,” and learning models, and between different “levels” of results, viz. model outcomes, model inferences and policy-issue oriented interpretations.
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a general equilibrium framework to reveal some of the important mechansims in the rather complicated interplay among the variables causing Swedish demoeconomic development between 1871-90 and examine the role of external and internal migration in Swedish industrialization.
Abstract: It is possible within a general equilibrium framework to reveal some of the important mechansims in the rather complicated interplay among the variables causing demoeconomic development The model for this study is a computable general equilibrium model within the tradition of multisectoral growth models and is designed to fit Swedish prewar development and to enable counterfactual analysis The model is reviewed briefly followed by comments on the database estimation procedure and validation; displays of some comparative static experiments; and an evaluation of the capability of the model in replicating Swedish demoeconomic development between 1871-90 before examining the counterfactual simulations which address the role of external and internal migration in Swedish industrialization There are at least 2 reasons for carrying out comparative static experiments: by undertaking parameter changes and exploring the equilibrium effect on the model further insights will be realized concerning the behavior of the model and its validity; and some of the comparative static experiments are interesting from the point of view of policy analysis because they reveal the static total effect on the economy of changes in some variables discussed by 19th century Swedish politicians The experiments are organized into 2 groups: rural and population experiments The base run simulation from 1871-90 indicates that the model captures the essential factors of the demoeconomic development of Sweden The models ability to replicate historical trends in some of the crucial variables permits use of the base simulation as a reference point when undertaking counterfactual simulations The 1st simulation evaluates the effects of emigration on the Swedish economy; the remaining 2 simulations assess the importance of rural to urban migration The model indicates that without emigration real rural wages would have been 18% lower in 1880 and 100% lower in 1890 Urban wages would have been unaffected in 1880 but 15% higher in 1890 Emigration apparently had a positive effect on the standard of living in the rural areas but possibly even larger rural to urban migration than occurred in the simulation would have happened in the absence of emigration Rural to urban migration apparently had a significant growth creating effect The reallocation of labor force to the more dynamic and high wage urban sector with its modern technology and higher rate of productivity change was of great importance to the economic performance of the national economy More rural to urban migration has a temporary growth creating effect but in the long run this effect disappears because it also decreases the wage gap between rural and urban areas and consequently has a boomerang effect on itself