Showing papers by "University of Hartford published in 1986"

Level of postassault sexual functioning in rape and incest victims.

Abstract: In a systematic study, 372 sexual assault survivors and 99 women with no history of sexual assault were interviewed with regard to their sexual histories to determine the incidence and types of sexual dysfunctions in these two samples. The women also completed the Sexual Arousability Inventory. Of the sexual assault survivors, 58.6% of the women were experiencing sexual dysfunctions, with 71% of them reporting that their sexual assaults were related to their development of sexual problems. In contrast, only 17.2% of the nonassaulted women reported experiencing any sexual problems. Differences in the types of sexual problems experienced by the two samples are noted, as are treatment implications. The sensitivity of the Sexual Arousability Inventory to assault-related sexual dysfunctions was affected by the educational level of the sexual assault survivors.

Designing a decision-support system for enrollment management

Abstract: Over the next two decades, effective enrollment management is going to be critical to the future of tuition/enrollment-dependent colleges and universities, especially in states where the number of high-school graduates is expected to decline by 30–40% (WICHE, 1984). This paper outlines the conceptual framework, design, and implementation plan for building a decision-support system (DSS) for enrollment management at the college level in a private, comprehensive university. It begins with a brief overview of the DSS as a concept, the computer-hardware environment, and the fourth-generation software tools used to implement the system (Briggs, 1982; Goetz, 1982; Moore and Greenwood, 1984). Research designs and application-development strategies are reviewed to illustrate the potential of the DSS approach to enrollment management.

Alienation, Occupational Self-Direction, and Worker Consciousness: An Exploration

Abstract: Alienation is reconceptualized in terms of low position on three dimensions of occupational self-direction (autonomy of the worker, complexity of the work, and variety of the tasks performed) isolated by Kohn and Schooler. Factor analysis of survey data confirms the existence of these three dimensions, and their impact on job satisfaction and class consciousness within the working class is explored. Specific hypotheses are abstracted from the work of several writers on the new working class, whose explanations, we argue, focus on occupational rather than class factors as independent variables. Regression analyses show that one of the occupational dimensions (complexity) has a positive effect upon both class consciousness and job satisfaction. In general terms, the approach adopted here provides a way of organizing and presenting in a testable form a wide range of hypotheses relating work experience to job satisfaction and class consciousness.

Self-management of diabetes in a Puerto Rican population.

Abstract: A convenience sample of 74 clients with type II diabetes mellitus was followed in the home by public health nurses. Participants were observed and interviewed to determine the pattern of self-management behaviors in the areas of insulin administration, urine testing, and dietary intake. One-third to one-half of the respondents could be judged as being noncompliant with one or more aspects of the treatment plan: over one-half (38) reported skipping insulin doses; 52 varied the time they administered their insulin; and 25 had stopped testing their urine. Breaks in procedures of insulin administration were also in evidence, with the most serious being cessation or taking incorrect doses by 21 respondents. Meal skipping was reported by the majority: 41 skipped their bedtime snack and 25 skipped breakfast. Quantitative dietary analysis showed close to adequate nutrient intake with the exception of calcium and iron. Traditional Puerto Rican foods such as rice and beans were present in 53 percent of the meals despite the overriding belief that these foods should be avoided by persons with diabetes mellitus. Case data revealed interference factor in the spontaneity of life imposed by the diabetic management plan. This shows the need for flexible approaches to home care of Puerto Rican diabetics and for increased knowledge of how effectively to alter the plan of care to meet the demands of daily living.

The role of menu titles as a navigational aid in hierarchical menus

Abstract: A between-subjects experiment was conducted to determine the effects of the presence/absence of menu titles on the search time and the number of incorrect choices made when navigating a hierarchical menu structure. Subjects were required to search for a randomly selected target item in a four level, three choices per level (43) menu structure. Subjects in the experimental group had titles for each sub-menu screen. Titles reflected the path traversed from the previous sub-menu screens. Control group subjects did not have titles displayed. While subjects in the experimental group did not search at a statistically significant faster rate, as the depth of the search (level) increased they did search with greater accuracy than those in the control group.

Productivity Growth and Changes in the Terms of Trade in Japan and the U.S.

Abstract: In this paper we employ a recently proposed procedure (Dlewert and Morrison[1985]) for adjusting real domestic product and productivity for changes in a country's terms of trade. We apply this procedure to a comparison of two major industrialized countries, the U.S. and Japan. The approach is based on assessing the impact on, alternatively, production or final sales to domestic purchasers, of changes in terms of trade and the balance of payments deficit in a consistent accounting framework. This treatment of international trade allows for comparative statics analysis based only on production theory. The comparison is carried out for a relatively open economy, Japan, with an economy that may not be as vulnerable to terms of trade changes, the U.S. for the years 1967 to 1982.

A Behavioral and Histological Examination of Young Rats Receiving Homotopic Embryonic Neural Transplants in Motor Cortex

Abstract: Neural transplantation is a field extensively researched from as early as the beginning of the twentieth century. Studies have been conducted with three broadly defined objectives and have evolved chronologically as follows: (1) the use of transplants (both neuronal and extraneuronal) simply to assess the viability of “nerve grafts,” and as a tool for studying regeneration in the central nervous system; (2) studies centering on neural transplantation as a method for elucidating the phenomena of neuronal migration and specificity and the relationship of these events to the ordering of the CNS during embryogenesis; and (3) neural transplantation from the standpoint of a technically viable and specialized field of research, with emphasis on the anatomical, functional, and physiological nature of the transplants. It has been in the context of this latter domain that the clinical implications of transplantation work have recently received considerable attention. A review of the primary studies carried out in these three general subgroups follows.