Showing papers by "University of Tennessee Health Science Center published in 1981"
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted to develop criteria for clinical remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which yielded an accuracy of more than 90% in RA patients.
Abstract: A study was conducted to develop criteria for clinical remission in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Data were provided by 35 rheumatologists on 175 RA patients considered to be in complete remission (with or without antirheumatic therapy) and 169 RA patients in partial remission or with active disease. Six criteria yielded optimal discrimination: morning stiffness absent or not exceeding 15 minutes, no fatigue, no joint pain by history, no joint tenderness, no joint or tendon sheath swelling, and no elevation of erythrocyte sedimentation rate. In this study sample, the presence of five or more of these criteria in an individual patient yielded 72% sensitivity for clinical remission and 100% specificity in discriminating RA patients with active disease. In a population sample, it is estimated that the overall accuracy of these criteria would be more than 90% in RA patients.
800 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It was disturbing to find that management error played some role in the development of eclampsia in 50% of the cases, and significant errors—including ineffective magnesium sulfate therapy, failure to treat adequately prior to transport, and lack of communication with a perinatal center are discussed.
122 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Serum magnesium levels at the time of seizure were below the therapeutic range in 11 of the 13 patients, thus prompting a study of serum Mg levels in preeclamptic patients treated with MgSO4.
100 citations
[...]
TL;DR: The sections in this article are: Representation of Muscle Properties, Multiple Units of Muscle, Relationships in Multiunit Function, and Some Measures of Muscle Function.
Abstract: The sections in this article are:
1
Representation of Muscle Properties
1.1
Dimensions Used
1.2
Models
1.3
Real Motor Systems
1.4
Summary
2
Properties of the Contractile Unit
2.1
Passive Mechanical Contributions
2.2
Response to Neural Signals
2.3
Interaction Between Neural and Other Inputs
2.4
Functional Variations
2.5
Summary
3
Multiple Units of Muscle
3.1
The Unit of Muscle Function
3.2
Relationships in Multiunit Function
3.3
Summary
4
Some Measures of Muscle Function
4.1
Summary
5
Motor Functions of Muscles
6
Final Summary
7
Epilogue
8
Appendix
8.1
Units for Measure of Motor Function
88 citations
TL;DR: A new electric stimulation pain assessment technique using the Tursky electrode and a non‐parametric analysis of subjects ratings was found sensitive to aspirin, morphine and opiate antagonists in a series of double blind cross‐over trials in normal adults.
Abstract: A new electric stimulation pain assessment technique using the Tursky electrode and a non-parametric analysis of subjects ratings was found sensitive to aspirin, morphine and opiate antagonists in a series of double-blind cross-over trials in normal adults. Stable individual differences in pain sensitivity (off medication) were maintained on two testing sessions 7 months apart. Older individuals were less pain sensitive than younger individuals. Men were more insensitive than women under age 30. Together, these results suggest the empiric usefulness of this pain measurement technique.
70 citations
TL;DR: Estramustine phosphate continues to be the most active agent in previously irradiated patients with hormonally refractory metastatic cancer of the prostate.
61 citations
53 citations
TL;DR: Pretreatment for 318 radiographic contrast media procedures in 284 patients with a prior anaphylactoid reaction to radiographic Contrast media was associated with no adverse effects in 294 procedures and this regimen is appropriate prophylaxis for high-risk patients.
Abstract: Pretreatment for 318 radiographic contrast media procedures in 284 patients with a prior anaphylactoid reaction to radiographic contrast media was associated with no adverse effects in 294 (92.5%) procedures. In 23 procedures (7.1%), mild or minimal reactions occurred that were of little or no consequence to the patient. One (0.3%) patient experienced transient hypotension, wheezing, and urticaria. The pretreatment program consisted of prednisone 50 mg orally every 6 hr for three doses ending 1 hr before the procedure and diphenhydramine 50 mg intramuscularly 1 hr before the procedure. Based on the cumulative results in the prospective series of 318 procedures, this regimen is appropriate prophylaxis for high-risk patients.
48 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In vitro proliferative response of lymphocytes from normal adults to P. carinii antigen was examined and it was found that this response was due primarily to thymus-derived (T cell) lymphocytes and was dependent upon the presence of adherent cells.
Abstract: Pneumocystis carinii pneumonitis (PCP) is a major complication in the immunocompromised host. Recent evidence suggests that most normal individuals have detectable antibody against this organism. The role of the various components of the immune system in protecting the host from acute PCP is unclear. We have examined the in vitro proliferative response of lymphocytes from normal adults to P. carinii antigen. Fourteen of 16 subjects had a positive response with stimulation indices greater than 3. This response was due primarily to thymus-derived (T cell) lymphocytes and was dependent upon the presence of adherent cells. The response was most likely not due to a mitogenic component in our antigen preparation, since lymphocytes from only 2 of 16 cord blood specimens had stimulation indices greater than 3.
35 citations
TL;DR: Filamentous muscle actin aggregated blood platelets while G-actin was ineffective and this aggregation could be blocked by ATP suggesting a possible role of actin-bound ADP in this process.
29 citations
TL;DR: Although there was a marked stimulation of vasoppressin release during the period of salt loading, a vasopressin pressor antagonist had only a small effect on arterial pressure, which suggests vasopressingin is not a major pressor agent in PN-salt hypertension.
Abstract: The role of vasopressin in the pathogenesis of partial ne-phrectomy (PN)-salt hypertension was examined in the rat. Hypertension was produced by reducing renal mass 70% and substituting 1% saline for drinking water 2 to 4 days after surgery. PN alone resulted in an increase in systolic blood pressure. Subsequent salt loading led to a further large increase in arterial pressure. On the second to third day after substitution of saline for drinking water, urinary vasopressin excretion (UADHV) was increased six-fold and the plasma vasopressin concentration was increased two and one-half-fold. UADHV) then fell to a level that was threefold greater than control values 5 days later. Although there was a marked stimulation of vasopressin release during the period of
TL;DR: In evaluating a patient with toxic psychosis, the clini cian should distinguish between a schizophreniform reaction with excessive sympathetic activity suggestive of amphetamine or co-aine overdose and a sensory-distorted reaction more likely to accompany hallucinogen ingestion.
TL;DR: The failure of some human cells to micron nucleate under conditions suitable for micronucleation of rodent cells appears related to the inability of these human cellsto attach and spread in the presence of Colcemid.
TL;DR: The results suggest that ASI-254 is capable of interacting with central sympathetic nervous system structures, but in contrast to digoxin, access to these structures from intravenous administration is limited.
Abstract: This study examined the role of cardiac beta-adrenergic receptors and cardiac sympathetic and vagal nerves in the cardiotoxicity of 3-beta-0-(4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-beta-D-glucopyranosyl) digitoxigenin hydrochloride (ASI-254). Vagally intact dogs received a constant rate intravenous infusion of either digoxin or ASI-254 in the presence and absence of practolol. Practolol pretreatment increased the dose of digoxin required to produce arrhythmias and markedly altered the pattern of toxicity, but did not alter the lethal dose. The terminal event was cardiac standstill rather than ventricular fibrillation as seen in digoxin control dogs. Practolol did not alter the toxic dose of ASI-254 and produced little change in the pattern of cardiotoxicity; both control and practolol-treated dogs died in cardiac standstill. Surgical sympathectomy did not alter the toxic dose of ASI-254, the character of toxicity, or the lethal dose compared to neurally intact dogs. However, vagal innervation may play a role in determining the type of cardiotoxicity produced by ASI-254. Vagotomy alone did not alter the toxic or the lethal dose of ASI-254; vagotomy did, however, alter the character of cardiotoxicity and terminal event. Our results indicate that ASI-254 infused intravenously does not interact with sites, central or peripheral, which activate the sympathetic nervous system. ASI-254 administered into the lateral ventricles produced signs of increased cardiac sympathetic nervous system activity. Tachycardia and arrhythmias produced by ICV ASI-254 appear to be neurally mediated since ganglionic blockade blunted these effects. These results suggest that ASI-254 is capable of interacting with central sympathetic nervous system structures, but in contrast to digoxin, access to these structures from intravenous administration is limited.
TL;DR: In this article, the levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine were measured in conscious, male rabbits, and the results indicated an action of the peptide at the adrenal medulla but offer no evidence of generalized stimulation discharge by angiotensin II.
Abstract: Plasma levels of norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine were measured in conscious, male rabbits. Twenty-minute infusions of 5, 50, and 500 ng/kg/min angiotensin II elevated mean arterial blood pressure by 8 (P less than 0.05), 23 (P less than 0.01), and 33 mm Hg (P less than 0.01), respectively. Plasma catecholamines were unchanged at all levels of angiotensin II infusion except epinephrine which rose from 15 +/- 3 to 52 +/- 17 pg/ml at 500 ng/kg/min. These data suggest an action of the peptide at the adrenal medulla but offer no evidence of a generalized stimulation discharge by angiotensin II.
TL;DR: A nonagglutinating derivative of wheat germ agglutinin has been prepared that binds to platelets and precipitates an antibody to the lectin and their redistribution may lead to secretion.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The lectin derivative had no effect on platelet aggregation by adenosine diphosphate, collagen, ristocetin, wheat germ agglutinin or trypsin but aggregation induced by epinephrine or thrombin was inhibited.
TL;DR: It is concluded that, in properly selected patients, surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus is best done in the newborn center under local anesthesia.
Abstract: The widespread availability of newborn centers and competent management of respiratory problems in the newborn have allowed survival of many infants with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) who previously would have died. Most deaths after surgical correction of PDA in the newborn have been due to problems in management of ventilation and nursing care. Since most patients are intubated and on respirators prior to election of operative closure, we decided to close the ductus in the newborn center, without moving the patient or disturbing the equipment. The same nurses and pediatric fellows would manage the infant after surgery. The first 9 consecutive premature infants with near-fatal respiratory problems associated with patent ductus arteriosus and operated upon in the newborn center all survived, improved, and were discharged home. There were no infections or other major surgical complications. We conclude that, in properly selected patients, surgical closure of the patent ductus arteriosus is best done in the newborn center under local anesthesia.
01 Jan 1981
Journal Article•
01 Jan 1981
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A case in which progressive destruction of the wrist occurred in a patient with minimal symptoms and no systemic complaints, thus emphasizing the insidious nature of the disease.
Abstract: Tuberculous arthritis usually occurs in the spine, hip, or knee. Tuberculosis is not usually considered early in the evaluation of monoarticular arthritis of a non- weight-bearing joint. We wish to present a case in which progressive destruction of the wrist occurred in a patient with minimal symptoms and no systemic complaints, thus emphasizing the insidious nature of the disease. A high index of suspicion is necessary if proper diagnosis and medical management are to be instituted.