Showing papers by "Wichita State University published in 1974"

A Fowler Flap System for a High-Performance General Aviation Airfoil

Abstract: A two-dimensional wind-tunnel evaluation of two Fowler flap configurations on the new GA(W)-1 airfoil was conducted. One configuration used a computer-designed 29-percent chord Fowler flap. The second configuration was modified to have increased Fowler action with a 30-percent chord flap. Force, pressure, and flow-visualization data were obtained at Reynolds numbers of 2.2 million to 2.9 million. Optimum slot geometry and performance were found to be close to computer predictions. A C sub L max of 3.8 was achieved. Optimum flap deflection, slot gap, and flap overlap are presented as functions of C sub L. Tests were made with the lower surface cusp filled in to show the performance penalties that result. Some data on the effects of adding vortex generators and hinged-plate spoilers were obtained.

A long term trend in tooth size in the Eastern Mediterranean

Abstract: Posterior occlusal tooth areas were measured for a sample of Greek and Turkish populations spanning a 8500 year period. Rates of reduction of 2% per 1000 years for maxillary teeth and 1% per 1000 years for the mandibulary teeth were found. These rates are shown to be greater than those for earlier populations from Western Europe.

Development of a Fowler flap system for a high performance general aviation airfoil

Abstract: A two-dimensional wind-tunnel evaluation of two Fowler flap configurations on the new GA(W)-1 airfoil was conducted. One configuration used a computer-designed 29-percent chord Fowler flap. The second configuration was modified to have increased Fowler action with a 30-percent chord flap. Force, pressure, and flow-visualization data were obtained at Reynolds numbers of 2.2 million to 2.9 million. Optimum slot geometry and performance were found to be close to computer predictions. A C sub L max of 3.8 was achieved. Optimum flap deflection, slot gap, and flap overlap are presented as functions of C sub L. Tests were made with the lower surface cusp filled in to show the performance penalties that result. Some data on the effects of adding vortex generators and hinged-plate spoilers were obtained.

The Effect of Item Format on Reliability and Validity: a Study of Multiple Choice and True-False Achievement Tests

Abstract: A sample of 529 nonurban high school students each responded to one of four test forms which differed in subject matter (natural science or social studies) and item form order (true-false items bef...

Absence of Photoreactivating Enzyme in Candida albicans, Candida stellatoidea, and Candida tropicalis

Abstract: In vitro assays demonstrate photoreactivating enzyme activity in extracts of Candida pseudotropicalis but not in extracts of Candida albicans, Candida stellatoidea, or Candida tropicalis.

Influences of cellular susceptibility to amphotericin B and of post-irradiation growth conditions on inactivation of Candida albicans by ultraviolet radiation.

Abstract: Earlier investigations have shown that inactivation of non-budding cells ofC. albicans by ultraviolet radiation is determined in part by (i) their post-irradiation incubation temperature, (ii) opportunity for exposure to long chain fatty acids or sterols and (iii) the nutri tional quality of their post-irraditation growth medium. These cultural conditions do not affect the viability of cells which are budding when irradiated nor the frequency of mutants among the survivors of irradiated, unbudded populations. Several lines of evidence have indicated that the post-irradiation growth conditions influence recoveries from non-genetic forms of uv-induced damage which are potentially lethal only for cells which are not in the process of division when irradiated. Studies reported here show that mutation to resistance to the polyene antibiotic, amphotericin B, changes the composite pattern of survival responses of uv treated unbudded cells to the three post-irradiation conditions. Acquisition of amphotericin B resistance does not alter the uv mutability of such cells nor the vulnerability of budding cells to uv inactivation. Differences in susceptibilities of cells to polyene antibiotics are known to be determined by differences in the composition and structural arrangement of their membranes. The present observations are consonant, therefore, with a previous proposal that post-irradiation temperature, nutrition and contact with lipid affect cellular recoveries from damages to processes which (i) are essential for initiation of cell division and (ii) are related to the organization of the cell membrane.

Conditions under which all preradical classes are perfect hereditary torsion classes

Abstract: (1974). Conditions under which all preradical classes are perfect hereditary torsion classes. Communications in Algebra: Vol. 2, No. 4, pp. 365-376.

Spoilers for roll control of light airplanes

Abstract: The paper presents an overview of the state-of-the-art of roll control spoilers for light airplanes. Reasons for using spoilers on light airplanes are presented. Several classical objections to the use of spoilers of such airplanes are critically examined. It is shown that mechanically driven spoiler systems can be designed. Flight test results of a new mechanically driven spoiler on the Redhawk airplane are discussed. Tunnel data of spoilers on the new general aviation airfoil GA(W)-1 are presented. Finally, a bibliography on spoiler data is included.

Methods for introducing analysis of conflict theory into the speech communication classroom

Abstract: As more and more communication courses deal with the subjects of conflict and communication theory, the more it becomes necessary to find an appropriate framework for presenting this subject matter. The framework offered here is based on three different types of communication that can occur within any conflict state: tacit, implicit, and explicit. Each of these communication types is explained and presented with suggested classroom exercises.

Two Computer-Based School Scheduling Programs Analyzed

Abstract: The authors present a discussion of Project PASS, an at tempt to study and compare two computer-based school scheduling methods as applied in two schools. They eval uate some of the advantages and disadvantages of the two systems and suggest applications for each.

Toward measurements of human communication through simulations

Abstract: Researchers have shown increasing interest in the use of simulations as alternatives to traditional research paradigms. Simulation paradigms have unique characteristics that influence the study of theory and real‐world events. This essay addresses five questions essential to the study of simulation methodology and offers guidelines for the evaluation of research employing simulations.

Calorimetric Studies of Superconductive Proximity Effects in a Two-Phase Ti—Fe (7.5 at. %) Alloy

Abstract: Transition metal binary alloys based on group IV elements such as Ti exist in various structural states depending on composition and heat treatment. In alloys for which the valence-electron-to-atom ratio z has a value between 4.0 and approximately 4.3, the high-temperature stable bcc (β) phase often undergoes structural change or decomposition during quenching. The transformations have been the subject of numerous studies in the metallurgical literature. For the present purpose the situation can be adequately summarized as follows. In almost every system the resulting structures are successively (a) martensitic (a′) for 4.0 ≤ z ≲ 4.1; (b) two-phase (β + ω) for 4.1 ≲ z ≲ 4.3; and (c) single-phase bcc for z ≳ 4.3. In other words, the low-temperature instability of the bcc lattice in the low-z range results in transformations to the hexagonal structured α′ or ω phase. The ω phase forms as a submicroscopic precipitate within the bœ matrix. Although there is a tendency for the precipitation to take place within 4.1 ≲ z ≲ 4.3, it is only at1 z = 4.12 ± 0.06 that the transformation occurs spontaneously and reversibly through a diffusionless process. The resulting “athermal” ω-phase particles have the same composition as the matrix. For larger values of z the precipitation is accompanied by diffusion. The occurrence, abundance, and composition of this “thermal” ω phase therefore depend on the quenching rate and on the temperature and duration of any subsequent heat treatment.2

Effect of delay of feedback and type of movement on laterally displaced vision

Abstract: Summary.-144 Ss were run in an experiment investigating the effects of type of movement (active vs passive), type of feedback (none, delayed, immediate) and the interaction effect on laterally displaced vision. The main hypothesis was that delayed feedback would be particularly effective under the condition of passive movement. While the main hypothesis was not supported, several secondary ones were supported. The hindering effect of the lack of significance of the main effect of type of movement on other hypotheses was pointed out Since the early work of Stratton (1896, 1897, 1899), there have been many studies of displaced vision. A variety of lens systems have been used, including those that totally invert the visual field, those that invert right and left, and those that simply displace the optic array a set number of degrees to the right or left, to name only a few. Most of the earlier work had, as its central problem, the question of why the world looked upright when the retinal image was inverted. Thus, lenses which inverted the retinal image seemed like a logical way to mimic this peculiarity of nature and plot the course of adaptation if, indeed, any occurred. The more recent studies have not focused on the problem of the inverted image but rather considered the use of displaced vision as a way of getting at the general question of perceptual development. Over the years several theoretical positions have emerged concerning the nature of perceptual adaptation to transformations of the optic array. No theory, however, is dominant, each seemingly capable of handling a good part of the data. Theories have been proposed in terms of perceptual variables (Kohler, 1964), motor learning (Smith & Smith, 1962), reafference (Held & Freedman, 1963), "felt position" (Harris, 1965), and in discrepancy information (Rock,