Showing papers in "Administrative Science Quarterly in 2014"
TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors examined the concept of humility among chief executive officers and the process through which it is connected to integration in the top management team (TMT) and middle managers' responses.
Abstract: In this article, we examine the concept of humility among chief executive officers (CEOs) and the process through which it is connected to integration in the top management team (TMT) and middle managers’ responses. We develop and validate a comprehensive measure of humility using multiple samples and then test a multilevel model of how CEOs’ humility links to the processes of top and middle managers. Our methodology involves survey data gathered twice from 328 TMT members and 645 middle managers in 63 private companies in China. We find CEO humility to be positively associated with empowering leadership behaviors, which in turn correlates with TMT integration. TMT integration then positively relates to middle managers’ perception of having an empowering organizational climate, which is then associated with their work engagement, affective commitment, and job performance. Findings confirm our hypotheses based on social information processing theory: humble CEOs connect to top and middle managers through c...
403 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report the results of an ethnographic study of a natural food cooperative in which they found an inherent tension in its mission between idealism and pragmatism, and explore the dynamics through which that tension was man- aged and engaged in day-to-day governance and activities.
Abstract: We report the results of an ethnographic study of a natural food cooperative in which we found an inherent tension in its mission between idealism and prag- matism, and we explore the dynamics through which that tension was man- aged and engaged in day-to-day governance and activities. Insights from participant observation, archival data, semi-structured interviews, and surveys provide a detailed and holistic account of the intergroup and intragroup pro- cesses through which the co-op negotiated its dualistic nature, as embodied in its hybrid organizational identity. The findings suggest that the value of each side of the duality was recognized at both the individual and organizational lev- els. Members' discomfort with the duality, however, led them to split the mis- sion in two and identify with one part, while projecting their less-favored part on others, creating an identity foil (an antithesis). This splitting resulted in ingroups and outgroups and heated intergroup conflict over realizing coopera- tive ideals vs. running a viable business. Ingroup members favoring one part of the mission nonetheless identified with the outgroup favoring the other because it embodied a side of themselves they continued to value. Individuals who exemplified their ingroup's most extreme attributes were seen by the out- group as prototypical, thus serving as ''lightning rods'' for intergroup conflict; this dynamic paradoxically enabled other ingroup members to work more effec- tively with moderate members of the outgroup. The idealist-pragmatist duality was kept continually in play over time through oscillating decisions and actions that shifted power from one group to the other, coupled with ongoing rituals to repair and maintain relationships disrupted by the messiness of the process. Thus ostensible dysfunctionality at the group level fostered functionality at the organizational level.
265 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a theory of a culture of companionate love at work is built, examining the culture's influence on people's behavior and feelings of affection, compassion, caring, and tenderness for others.
Abstract: In this longitudinal study, we build a theory of a culture of companionate love—feelings of affection, compassion, caring, and tenderness for others—at work, examining the culture’s influence on ou...
217 citations
TL;DR: Using a round-robin data set assembled from over 60 teams of more than 500 scientists and engineers across a variety of science and engineering disciplines, as well as longitudinal research product.
Abstract: Using a round-robin data set assembled from over 60 teams of more than 500 scientists and engineers across a variety of science and engineering disciplines, as well as longitudinal research product...
157 citations
TL;DR: The authors examined a setting in which an increase to an actor's status results in favorable inferences about quality in subsequent evaluations, and found that increases in status often lead to more favorable inference about quality.
Abstract: Although increases in status often lead to more favorable inferences about quality in subsequent evaluations, in this paper, we examine a setting in which an increase to an actor’s status results i...
150 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the relationship between immigrants and the foreign subsidiaries established in the U.S. by firms from 27 countries between 1998 and 2003, using data from a sample of foreign subsidiaries.
Abstract: Using data from a sample of foreign subsidiaries established in the U.S. by firms from 27 countries between 1998 and 2003, this study examines the relationship between immigrants and the foreign ex...
144 citations
TL;DR: The authors examine the consequences of social networking for an individual's morality, arguing that the content and approach of networking have different implications for how a person feels and argue that social media can have different consequences for different individuals.
Abstract: In this paper, we examine the consequences of social networking for an individual’s morality, arguing that the content and approach of networking have different implications for how a person feels
144 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reexamine organizational learning theories to reconcile the conditions under which prior internationalization experience leads to performance gains for multinational corporations (MNCs) in terms of performance gains.
Abstract: This study reexamines organizational learning theories to reconcile the conditions under which prior internationalization experience leads to performance gains for multinational corporations (MNCs)...
134 citations
TL;DR: This paper explored the influence of bank founders' institutional logics on the degree of risk taking in the organizations they found and found that individuals are more likely to be the carriers of institutional influences especially when operating collectively in larger teams, in which one expects more group conformity and diffusion of responsibility.
Abstract: Through archival data from 225 local banks founded between 2006 and 2009, as well as interviews with 73 bank founders, this paper explores the influence of founders’ institutional logics, specifically financial and community logics, on the degree of risk taking in the organizations they found. Local bank founders steeped in a financial logic see the bank as an investment vehicle and seek to maximize profits, while those motivated by a community logic are driven to meet community needs and focus less on profits. Despite demands from regulators and consultants that promote uniformity of operations, variation exists in banks’ risk strategies that seems connected to values and taken-for-granted predispositions inherent in such institutional logics. But such a connection is empirically demonstrated only in banks with larger founding teams. In those, increased internal representation of a financial logic is associated with higher use of risky deposit instruments to finance rapid asset growth, while a higher representation of a community logic is associated with lower use of such risky instruments. Furthering research on hybrid organizations that combine competing logics, this paper suggests that individuals are more likely to be the carriers of institutional influences especially when operating collectively in larger teams, in which one expects more group conformity and diffusion of responsibility. In smaller teams, individual discretion is more likely to dominate institutional forces
134 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined how ties with rival political parties maintained by Taiwanese firms from 1998 through 2006 affected business strategies, specifically the unrelated diversification into new industries, and demonstrated how the interplay of various ties affects a firm's strategy differently under different forms of government.
Abstract: Using data on 290 business groups, this study examines how ties with rival political parties maintained by Taiwanese firms from 1998 through 2006 affected business strategies, specifically the unrelated diversification into new industries. Taiwan’s recent democratization and emerging economy provide an ideal setting for studying the economic impact of firms’ ties with rival political parties. By focusing on a firm’s entire portfolio of ties instead of strictly dyadic business–government ties, we offer a novel model that demonstrates how the interplay of various ties affects a firm’s strategy differently under different forms of government. Our analysis shows that under a united government, ties to the ruling party facilitate entries of business groups into unrelated industries, while ties to the opposition parties inhibit such moves. Portfolios of ties to both the ruling and opposition parties impose additional obstacles to market entry. Under a divided government, however, ties to the ruling party are co...
127 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined the transition from a planned to a market economy in China using census data from China's National Bureau of Statistics from 1998-2006 to investigate multi-population dynamics, and found that the transition transition from planned to market economy was characterized by a transition in population density.
Abstract: To examine the transition from a planned to a market economy in China, this study uses census data from China’s National Bureau of Statistics from 1998–2006 to investigate multi-population dynamics...
TL;DR: An agent-based simulation model is used to investigate how coordinated exploration by multiple specialists, as in new product development, is different from individual search, and finds that coordinated exploration is subject to two pathologies not present in unitary search: mutual confusion and joint myopia.
Abstract: In this paper, we use an agent-based simulation model to investigate how coordinated exploration by multiple specialists, as in new product development, is different from individual search. We find...
TL;DR: Using a longitudinal study of professionals in two information technology services firms, as well as interview data, the authors illuminates how organizational fortunes influence individual performa cation of individuals.
Abstract: Using a longitudinal study of professionals in two information technology services firms, as well as interview data, this paper illuminates how organizational fortunes influence individual performa...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors trace the history of one class of innovative financial derivatives (interest rate and foreign exchange swaps) to show how these instruments undermined the separation of commercial and investment banking established by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 even as overt political action failed to do so.
Abstract: Regulators, much like market actors, rely on categorical distinctions. Innovations that are ambiguous to regulatory categories but not to market actors present a problem for regulators and an opportunity for innovative firms. Using a wide range of primary and secondary, qualitative and quantitative sources, we trace the history of one class of innovative financial derivatives—interest rate and foreign exchange swaps—to show how these instruments undermined the separation of commercial and investment banking established by the Glass–Steagall Act of 1933 even as overt political action failed to do so. Swaps did not fit neatly into existing product categories—futures, securities, loans—and thus evaded regulatory scrutiny for many years. The market success of swaps put commercial and investment banks into direct competition and, in so doing, undermined Glass–Steagall. Drawing on this case, we theorize that ambiguous innovations may disrupt the regulatory status quo and shift the political burden onto parties ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that existing directors tend to select a demographically different new director who can be recategorized as an in-group member based on his or her similarities to them on other shared demographic characteristics and explain how a new director's prior social ties to existing directors strengthen this recategorization process.
Abstract: This study advances a recategorization perspective to explain how an increasing number of directors have successfully obtained major board appointments and played important roles on boards despite their demographic differences from incumbent directors. We theorize and show that existing directors tend to select a demographically different new director who can be recategorized as an in-group member based on his or her similarities to them on other shared demographic characteristics. We further explain how a new director's prior social ties to existing directors strengthen this recategorization process and posit that recategorization increases demographically different directors' tenures and likelihood of becoming board committee members and chairs. Results from analyses of Fortune 500 boards from 1994 to 2006 provide strong support for our theory. This study suggests that increased board diversity on some demographic characteristics is associated with reduced diversity on others. It also suggests that some demographic characteristics, such as gender and ethnicity, would be more salient during the recategorization process than other characteristics. As a result, female and ethnic minority directors would need to be more similar to incumbents along shared dimensions than other demographically different directors (such as a young director) for them to be recategorized into the in-group.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a social structure characterized by cross-cutting demographics between occupational groups—in which occupational membership is uncorrelated with demographic group membership—can loosen attachment to the occupational identity and status order.
Abstract: We use data from a 12-month ethnographic study of two medical-surgical units in a U.S. hospital to examine how members from different occupations can collaborate with one another in their daily wor...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the effects of indirect ties (common clients) on acquirers' choices of partners for mergers and acquisitions and on the performance of the combined organizations.
Abstract: Using comprehensive data from the global advertising industry from 1995 to 2003, we examined the effects of indirect ties (common clients) on acquirers' choices of partners for mergers and acquisitions and on the performance of the combined organizations. We found that the probability of being acquired rose but the performance of merged entities declined--both by losing clients and by selling less to the clients retained--with the number of common clients connecting the target to the acquirer. Two potential mechanisms could account for this pattern of results: either managers hold positively biased beliefs about those connected to them through common clients, or they restrict their searches for potential acquisition partners to those they already know, despite the disadvantages of doing so, ignoring targets that may have more potential but with whom they have no indirect ties
TL;DR: The authors posits that markets can sometimes also be shaped by economic forces, bargaining power, and prior relationships between exchange partners, which is contrary to the general view that markets are shaped by economics and bargaining power.
Abstract: Contrary to the general view that markets are shaped by economic forces, bargaining power, and the prior relationships between exchange partners, this paper posits that markets can sometimes also b...
TL;DR: In this paper, the causal symbolic effect of status on the prices organizations charge for their products is identified, exploiting the classification of the châteaux of the Medoc, which sorted 61 wine pro...
Abstract: This paper identifies the causal symbolic effect of status on the prices organizations charge for their products. I exploit the classification of the châteaux of the Medoc, which sorted 61 wine pro...
TL;DR: This article found that employed men in traditional marriages tend to view the presence of women in the workplace unfavorably, perceive that organizations with higher numbers of female employees are operating less smoothly, perceive organizations with female leaders as relatively unattractive, and deny qualified female employees opportunities for promotions more frequently than do other married male employees.
Abstract: Based on five studies with a total of 993 married, heterosexual male partici- pants, we found that marriage structure has important implications for atti- tudes, beliefs, and behaviors related to gender among heterosexual married men in the workplace. Specifically, men in traditional marriages—married to women who are not employed—disfavor women in the workplace and are more likely than the average of all married men to make decisions that prevent the advancement of qualified women. Results show that employed men in tra- ditional marriages tend to (a) view the presence of women in the workplace unfavorably, (b) perceive that organizations with higher numbers of female employees are operating less smoothly, (c) perceive organizations with female leaders as relatively unattractive, and (d) deny qualified female employees opportunities for promotions more frequently than do other married male employees. Moreover, our final study suggests that men who are single and then marry women who are not employed may change their attitudes toward women in the workplace, becoming less positive. The consistent pattern of results across multiple studies employing multiple methods (lab, longitudinal, archival) and samples (U.S., U.K., undergraduates, managers) demonstrates the robustness of our findings that the structure of a man's marriage influences his gender ideology in the workplace, presenting an important challenge to workplace egalitarianism.
TL;DR: The Web has greatly reduced the barriers to entry for new journals and other platforms for communicating scientific output, and the number of journals continues to multiply as discussed by the authors. But this leaves readers and reviewers and
Abstract: The Web has greatly reduced the barriers to entry for new journals and other platforms for communicating scientific output, and the number of journals continues to multiply. This leaves readers and...
TL;DR: The authors may not be able to make you love reading, but global turning points understanding the challenges for business in the 21st century will lead you to love reading starting from now.
Abstract: We may not be able to make you love reading, but global turning points understanding the challenges for business in the 21st century will lead you to love reading starting from now. Book is the window to open the new world. The world that you want is in the better stage and level. World will always guide you to even the prestige stage of the life. You know, this is some of how reading will give you the kindness. In this case, more books you read more knowledge you know, but it can mean also the bore is full.