Showing papers in "Advances in Space Research in 1987"

TL;DR: In this article, an ecological model is developed to estimate annual net primary productivity (NPP) in 12 North American biomes, combining existing models which address canopy photosynthesis in response to light, temperature, and moisture availability, and account for respiration.

TL;DR: The Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II (SAGE II) as mentioned in this paper is a seven-channel sun-photometer measuring stratospheric aerosols, ozone, water vapor, and nitrogen dioxide during each spacecraft sunrise and sunset.

TL;DR: A zone around a giant planet in which such satellites could exist as a tidally-heated habitable zone is defined, compared to the habitable zone which results from heating due to the radiation of a central star.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of comparison of modern methods of calculating electron-density profiles from ground-based vertical-incidence ionograms are presented, showing that the shapes of the resulting electron density profiles depend upon the peak height and electron density of the E and F-layers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the volumic mass and solubility of organic compounds in Titan's oceans were analyzed using thermodynamic modeling, and the results suggest that the oceans of Titan could be free of any "icebergs" of organic molecules.

TL;DR: In this paper, the spatial, temporal and spectral development of coccolithophore blooms in the NE Atlantic has been studied using CZCS and AVHRR images.

TL;DR: In this paper, a vector-spherical-harmonic (VSH) representation of the wind field is used in constructing a computer model of time-dependent global horizontal vector neutral wind and temperature fields at altitude 130-300 km.

TL;DR: The biochemical stoichiometry for protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, and lignin production in the edible and inedible parts of plants is developed and flux values for all components are derived for a steady-state system with wheat as the sole food source.

TL;DR: The physical and chemical processes responsible for cometaryionospheres are now beginning to beunderstood, due to comparisons betweentheoretical results and observations of the ionospheric plasma and magneticfield of cometHalley as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the characteristics of radar backscatter from the height region 60 -100 km are examined in order to try and better understand the nature and origin of the scatterers, in particular, the evidence for quasi-specular scatter, in which the signal returned from the zenith is found to be much larger than from off-vertical directions, is examined.

TL;DR: A substantial quantity of wind data have been assembled from radar systems since CIRA-72 was formed: most of these radars include height ranging, and operate on a regular and even continuous basis.

TL;DR: In this paper, a first attempt for an application to CZCS measurements over the North Sea indicates the advantage of the inverse technique for the retrieval of phytoplankton, suspended matter and yellow substance.

TL;DR: The ionospheres of the major planets Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus are reviewed in light of Pioneer and Voyager observations as mentioned in this paper, and refinements to pre-Voyager theoretical models are required to explain the results, most notably the addition of significant particle ionization from 'electroglow' and auroral processes and the need for additional chemical loss of protons via charge exchange reactions with water.

TL;DR: In this paper, the mesoscale distribution of phytoplankton in the Mauritanian coastal upwelling area has been mapped using a series of CZCS scenes covering more than one year.

TL;DR: The Illinois State Geographic Information System has a number of automated data sets containing land-use information, including original land survey plat maps that show the boundaries of forests, prairies, and wetlands as they existed prior to European colonization in the early 1800s as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: A nearly global set of data on the nitric acid distribution was obtained for seven months by the Limb Infrared Monitor of the Stratosphere (LIMS) experiment on the Nimbus 7 spacecraft as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The preliminary cultivation experiment for determining optimum cultivation conditions and for obtaining the critical design parameters of the cultivator itself has been conducted and Spirulina seems very suitable for obtaining oxygen and food as a useful source of high quality protein.

TL;DR: In this article, the ozone reference models are proposed, similar to the Keating and Young (1985) models which were prepared for the new COSPAR International Reference Atmosphere.

TL;DR: In this paper, a preliminary analysis of high-resolution infrared spectra of the aurorally dosed lower thermosphere above Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Alaska, obtained by an uplooking cryogenic field-widened interferometer (FWI) is presented.

TL;DR: Temporal and spatial deviations of ion velocity from the dominant flow of the Venusian ionosphere were detected in data collected from a retarding potential analyzer (RPA) aboard the Pioneer-Venus orbiter spectrometer.

TL;DR: In this article, the data bases and computational techniques used in recent models of the O3 distribution in the earth atmosphere are described, summarizing the results of ongoing efforts to define an O3 reference model for incorporation into CIRA.

TL;DR: The intent of the presentation is to provide a description of the extent to which a bioregenerative life support system can meet the constraints of the space environment, and to assess the degree to which system efficiency and stability can be increased during the next decade.

TL;DR: Glycoalkaloid levels in tuber of controlled-environment-grown plants are within the range of levels found in tubers of field grown plants, indicating productivities in this range should be realized from potatoes.

TL;DR: In this article, the results on the Shuttle environment are presented, covering the spectral range from 2 microns to 120 microns, and the spatial, spectral, and temporal variations are described.

TL;DR: Japanese research activities have been conducted and will be continued under the tentative guideline of CELSS research activities as shown in documents /1/, /2/.

TL;DR: In this paper, the VEGA balloon measurements indicate that the dynamical heat flux is upward and has an amplitude that ranges from 0 to 360 W m^(−2) in the middle cloud region.

TL;DR: Sanko et al. as mentioned in this paper showed that the S3 mixing ratio in the lower atmosphere of Venus is (8±3)×10−11 at 5 to 25km according to the Venera 14 measurements and several times lower at the locations of Veneras-11 and -13.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that complex mixtures of complex organic molecules (kerogens) together with aqueous alteration products of igneous minerals may be the source of the dark matter that is distributed so widely throughout the solar system.

TL;DR: An improved ionospheric global empirical reference model (RIM-85) is established for the distributions of density (Ne), temperature (Te), and effective collision frequency (νe) of electrons between 65 and 600 km.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider what types of swath altimeter might take advantage of this possibility and conclude that both multi-feed, large antenna instruments and an interferometric design could provide valuable advances.