Showing papers in "Behaviour Research and Therapy in 1968"

TL;DR: Post-experimental questionnaire data strongly supported the conclusion that Elation and Depression treatments had indeed induced elation and depression, and indicated that the obtained mood changes could not be attributed to artifactual effects.

TL;DR: A comparison was made between the fear and anxiety scales and an overall correlation of 0.49 between the FSS-FC and CMAS was similar to that obtained in adult studies.

TL;DR: An alternative explanation consistent with the above postulate states that the underlying mechanism of systematic desensitization is identical with that of habituation proceeding under optimal conditions (the “maximal habituation” hypothesis).

TL;DR: A theory of incubation, defined as an increment in CR strength occurring during a period of time when only unreinforced presentations of the CS are made, suggests the formation of a generalized “nocive response” which is made up of both UCR and CR.

TL;DR: The final scale consists of 21 types of heterosexual behavior which form a cumulative, ordinal scale which can be used as a hierarchy in desensitization therapy, or applied to the assessment of behavior change resulting from therapy.

TL;DR: This paper describes several operational factors which lend themselves to more objective assessment and therapeutic maneuvers and three treatment techniques which can presumably lead to effective and specific treatment procedures.

TL;DR: The effects of the after-school, remedial education program for low-achieving 5th and 6th grade children in an urban poverty area were found to be significant when compared with the gains of a control group who had no remedial program.

TL;DR: The effectiveness of vicarious and contact desensitization procedures for the group treatment of snake-avoidant children was investigated, with results predicted to yield significantly greater reductions in avoidance than did vicarious desensitized children.

TL;DR: A highly reliable time sampling assessment technique, which dichotomized classroom behavior into appropriate and inappropriate categories, was used to assess classroom behavior of institutionalized female adolescent offenders.

TL;DR: Covert sensitization was used to condition a phobic-type response to alcohol for the treatment of maladaptive drinking behavior and found it was an effective short-term treatment.

TL;DR: The role of muscular relaxation is reconsidered and it is argued that although training in progressive relaxation facilitates treatment, it is not a necessary element in therapy.

TL;DR: It was concluded that desensitization is useful in the treatment of test-anxiety, the use of group meetings for relaxation training is a distinct aid in the economical use of therapist time, and the effects of treating test- anxiety appear to generalize to other anxieties and fears of the clients.

TL;DR: Three factors emerged which seemed to be reasonably consistent across groups: fear of water, death-and-illness, and interpersonal events, and fear of discrete stimuli, which emerged significantly in three of the four groups.

TL;DR: Three behavior modification group treatment techniques were contrasted with each other and with both a placebo drug treatment group and a nontreated control condition in terms of relative effectiveness in reducing smoking rates of volunteer subjects.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that, of two groups of exhibitionists deconditioned with emotive imagery and aversive conditioning, the group with normal masturbatory fantasy deconditionsed significantly faster than thegroup with deviant masturbationatory fantasy.

TL;DR: There were significant differences between Ss who had implosive therapy and those who had bibliotherapy on the post test, and no significant differences were found between the implosives and eclectic verbal Ss on this post test.

TL;DR: Although physical complaints were eliminated when they were ignored, a normal pattern of eating was not reinstated by an extinction procedure, and selective positive reinforcement of progressive gains in weight and amount eaten gradually restored caloric intake and weight to desired levels.

TL;DR: The present paper deals with the question as to whether implosive therapy should be considered a behavioral therapy since only the third characteristic stated above can be ascribed directly to it.

TL;DR: Thirty-two female undergraduate students served as subjects, selected on the basis of extreme scores on Sarason's Test Anxiety Scale and Geer's Fear Survey Schedule II, showing a significant decrease in reported test anxiety while the Control Group showed a smaller decrement.

TL;DR: Experimental Ss' weekly test scores increased to a statistically significant extent in relation to the test scores of control Ss.

TL;DR: The procedures used to condition class-room behavior in autistic children are described and tokens were established as reinforcers, tantrum behavior was extinguished, Ss were conditioned to mimic words when prompted, and to identify several objects.

TL;DR: A program based upon discriminative stimulus “modeling” and sequencing of steps and goals into phases, proved more effective than two variants of token reinforcement economies which gave less attention to constraining and propping the target behavior.

TL;DR: Five female school dropouts were “hired” to complete remedial workbook assignments and paid (via a token system) for the items that they worked correctly, showing the token reinforcement system to function as such.

TL;DR: Psychogenic Impotence was treated by means of systematic desensitisation using intravenous methohexitone sodium as a means of countering anxiety and was found to be a very effective form of treatment.

TL;DR: A brief history of the implosion technique is followed by an illustrative case-history and a detailed description of the method is provided.

TL;DR: Pilot research reported here attempts to break the chain at its end, by making the narcotic “fix” unpleasant and noxious instead of gratifying.