Showing papers in "Behaviour Research and Therapy in 1971"

TL;DR: Results were consistent with those of a previous study where autistics showed stimulus overselectivity in an experiment involving three modalities and the previously non-functional stimulus was made functional when trained separately.

TL;DR: Improvement has persisted so far to 3 months followup in patients with chronic obsessive-compulsive neurosis, and modelling and flooding produced significantly more improvement than did relaxation control treatment.

TL;DR: Specific recommendations are made for the behavioral treatment of obesity, with the success of the treatment seeming to depend upon the effectiveness with which environmental stimuli are brought under control rather than depending upon motivational or other personal characteristics of the overeater.

TL;DR: The presence of self-stimulatory behavior was associated with increased response latency for the mute autistics and the response latencies of the latter group decreased as Ss received increased training in responding to the auditory stimulus.

TL;DR: A self-control procedure involving the use of behavior modification techniques was compared with a contract system and an attention-placebo control group, finding significant losses for both treatments after 12 weeks but a ten month follow-up revealed that the weight loss was not permanent.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a method for measuring the performance of a single node in a set of images.ING and INDEXING, e.g., this article.

TL;DR: Flooding is a promising technique for the reduction of fear in anxious phobic patients and the essential therapeutic components of flooding still have to be determined before it can be used routinely.

TL;DR: The present case study illustrates that other sleep state mal Adaptive behavior, in this case nocturnal headbanging, is amenable to the same behavior modification techniques which are used to modify maladaptive behavior during the waking state.

TL;DR: In the male, measurement of penile erection can be used to indicate a response to a sexual stimulus but not necessarily generalised arousal accompanying it, and sexual arousal can therefore be operationally defined as a combination of general arousal and specific sexual responses.

TL;DR: Wolpe and Lang as discussed by the authors analyzed responses to the Fear Survey Schedule-III and replicated the results on a second independent sample, finding that the most statistically sound criterion for selecting subjects, assessing behavior change and investigating generalization effects in clinical and experimental procedures.

TL;DR: The group receiving a 15-min exposure period displayed the most fear as indexed by the contact and distance measures, and it is suggested that serious consideration be given to controlling the length of pretest exposure time in analogue studies.

TL;DR: Differences in response styles between men and women were found which indicated that women generally related their fears more easily than men, and general fears could be clustered in a shortened fear schedule to benefit further exploration of this area.

TL;DR: The results suggest that (1) faradic shock punishment combined with self-management training will for most subjects eliminate cigarette smoking, and (2) post-treatment therapist monitoring seems to be an important variable affecting long term cessation of smoking.

TL;DR: This study describes an aversive conditioning experiment in which favorite foods were paired with noxious odors to help overweight Ss achieve and maintain a weight loss.

TL;DR: The kind of drink ordered and the magnitude of sips taken in the course of a drinking session of alcoholic beverages in a bar-and-lounge environment were found to differ significantly between 15 social drinkers and 16 hospital admitted alcoholics with previous histories of hospitalization for alcoholism.

TL;DR: Results indicated an overall decrease in those scale factors most associated with psychotic behavior, and a means to shorten the time required to establish the effectiveness of the reinforcement contingencies in a token program is suggested.

TL;DR: Some foundations are laid for a multi-process theory based on the habituation of the orienting reflex and it is predicted and found that with items at the top of the hierarchy, desensitization is faster when long presentations are used, while for low items the reverse is the case.

TL;DR: Three groups of 10 Ss each received tape-recorded desentitization along a snake approach hierarchy, and the Ss in the SD++ and SD+ conditions displayed significant behavioral improvements, while those in theSD group did not.

TL;DR: For both SAS and GSR, the Desensitization group showed a significantly greater reduction than did either of the other two groups, and differences were maintained at a 2-week followup.

TL;DR: Two experiments were conducted to see whether response prevention (flooding) is effective in eliminating well-established avoidance behavior in rats, and if spaced acquisition of the response influenced the efficacy of response prevention.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the concept of the elasticity of a demand curve to understand the behavior of chronic psychiatric patients in a token system and found that patients' behavior in the token system was similar to the consumption schedules and Engel curves found in economic investigations.

TL;DR: The findings question the necessity of simultaneously pairing muscle relaxation and aversive scenes in treating anxiety by the preprogrammed systematic desensitization and non-simultaneous groups.

TL;DR: The Wolpe-Lazarus Fear Survey Schedule was administered in a neurotic population and factor analyzed, and total Fear Survey scores and Factor II (Interpersonal) showed a similar pattern of significant positive associations with both measures.

TL;DR: It is concluded that counseling and group desensitization in this 7-session model is an effective and efficient technique to modify anxiety responses to test taking situations.

TL;DR: In this paper, nine psychophysiological propositions generated by desensitization theory were examined in the light of recent research and four propositions were substantially confirmed, four partially confirmed and one was not confirmed.

TL;DR: The purpose of this research was to make an intensive study of a single subject to see if specific conditions could be identified under which a chronic alcoholic's drinking could be controlled, in a setting in which environmental variables could be systematically varied and drinking behavior documented.

TL;DR: The results indicated equally reliable measurements in all four groups on approach and pulse rate scores, equivalent repeated-testing changes in avoidance behavior, pulse rate, and self-reported fear, and discrimination of touch and no-touch Ss on the basis of response latency in both test methods.

TL;DR: Fourteen female Ss were exposed to systematic desensitization focusing on snake imagery and developed their own hierarchies for desensitizedness, and displayed significant behavioral improvement by contrast with seven untreated controls.

TL;DR: Some experimentally established parameters affecting fear reduction in rats are examined with a view to their relevance in modifying phobic behavior in man.