Showing papers in "Bioscience Hypotheses in 2009"

TL;DR: In this paper, a novel hypothesis assumes that BRONJ results from increased bacterial adhesion to bone coated with bisphosphonates, which is mediated by proteins termed "microbial surface components which recognise adhesive matrix molecules" (MSCRAMM).

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ONJ is associated with mucosal damage, which could be mediated via BP induced soft tissue toxicity, and discussed potential consequences of the above hypothesis for practitioners and investigators.

TL;DR: Evidence and explanations for the passive stabilization hypothesis are provided and it is shown that the autoreceptors enhance stabilization of EDA only when fewer than 25% of the SNc cells remain.

TL;DR: It is believed that a honey bee dietary deficiency of pyrethrums and other micro-nutrients from pyrethrum producing plants allows parasitic mites to either kill the honey bees directly or reduce honey bee resistance to other pathogens.

TL;DR: The sexual interference hypothesis as mentioned in this paper argues that additional sexual signals evolve as a way for males to hinder female mate choice by interfering with the propagation and reception of other males' sexual signals.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that regulated biophotons can generate intrinsic optical representations in the primary visual cortex and then propagate variably degraded versions along cytochrome oxidase pathways during both perception and imagery could resolve the imagery debate and the underlying issue of continuity between perception and abstract thought.

TL;DR: It is hypothesize that increased shear strain facilitates the development of vulnerable plaques by stimulation of atherosclerotic plaque neovascularisation that sprouts from the adventitial vasa vasorum, and validation of this hypothesis paves the road to the use of adventitial shear strained as risk assessment in plaque.

TL;DR: It is suggested that individuals with strong and weak lateralizations behave differently because of differences in the ability of one hemisphere to inhibit the functions of the other in each type of brain organization.

TL;DR: A hypothesis is presented that inextricably links the unique biochemistries of learning and memory in region CA1, to that of cell survival signaling, and a signaling mechanism is proposed to explain how both pathways can be simultaneously regulated.

TL;DR: A hypothetical system of gene regulation that would allow for precise and reproducible development of a single eukaryote cell into a multi-cell/clone/tissue organism through internal guidance alone, without external cues or environmental coordinates is designed.

TL;DR: The dysregulated activation of a transcription factor, nuclear factor-E2-related factor-2 (Nrf2) which regulates the expression and coordinated induction of a battery of cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory genes in response to oxidative stress and inflammation, might play a critical role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.

TL;DR: Theoretically, it is very unlikely that a single idea explains everything in a biological system and theorists should recognise this: if they do not, their readers will, and will discount their ideas because of their lack of awareness of their context.

TL;DR: Two ROS indicators, dichlorofluorescin diacetate and MitoSOX™ Red, were applied to visualize ROS on the frontal interior abdominal wall of living SD-rats and revealed an unexpected ROS distribution pattern.

TL;DR: It is concluded that free circulating light chains, through infinite possibilities of polymorphisms determined by the variable domain are potential disturbing agents of many biological cascades or structures and could likely play the first role in multiple diseases.

TL;DR: It is shown that the eye indeed appears to be the inverting culprit based on this author's entirely original, but untested, concept of a cyclopean origin to vertebrates at a time when single-eyed chordates were evolving to double-eyed agnathan fish.

TL;DR: Hemoglobin variants are associated with protection from malaria and stem cell engineering may yield erythrocytes with new modified hemoglobin which might protect against severe malaria.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the arcuate nucleus (ARC) modulates satiety in response to metabolic indicators of energy state, postprandial neuropeptide secretion from the gut, and vagus nerve stimulation, which may resolve contradictions and inconsistencies in data that previous theories could not explain.

TL;DR: It is hypothesize that topical application of siRNA eye drops may be a safe and effective therapeutic option in ocular surface diseases with temporary changes of gene expression and that si RNA eye drops targeting different genes may simultaneously treat several ocularsurface diseases.

TL;DR: It is hypothesize that the extent of diurnal variation in stature is more in children as compared to adults in a population than in other populations.

TL;DR: It is suggested that Cryptosporidium and other gastrointestinal parasites, including Giardia, could be a reservoir of genetic material and a environment where assortment between that genetic variation can occur and a source of zoonoses through infection of the ‘target’ animal (including humans).

TL;DR: It is proposed that the abnormality of ASP–C5L2 pathway contributes to insulin resistance in smokers.

TL;DR: Aldo-keto reductase family 1 B10 is a novel protein identified from human hepatocellular carcinoma but overexpressed in the liver and lung cancer, making it a potential cancer diagnostic and/or prognostic marker.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that old, post-reproductive individuals in these species may act as repositories of acquired knowledge, thereby providing an evolutionary benefit for their group, and is suggested to be largely independent from the degree of genetic relatedness within the group.

TL;DR: The consensual basis for selecting research topics works for incremental innovation, but is the enemy of radical breakthroughs.

TL;DR: It is proposed that viruses cross extracellular barriers by hitch-hiking on bacteria or sperm cells which can transport themselves across mucosal layers designed to protect the underlying cells from pathogen attack.

TL;DR: This article compares two hypotheses regarding the mechanisms responsible for aging in humans and other mammals, and concludes that the active mechanism provides a much better fit to observational evidence while the passive mechanism provides the best fit to traditional evolutionary mechanics theory.

TL;DR: In this article, a reduced serotonergic activity has been consistently linked to an increased rate of rejection of unfair offers in the ultimatum game (UG), a simple two-person bargaining between a proposer and a responder.

TL;DR: It is hypothesize that the activity of marker proteins expressed both in brain and alimentary tract should parallel functional morphology in organs at the molecular level, and that the reverse concentration of CA-II in saliva and brains of cattle and primates might be the first molecular evidence of the validity of the “expensive tissue hypothesis”.

TL;DR: For example, the Bioscience Hypotheses editorial policy has been altered to include both an increased role for peer advice and an occasional role for editorial advice to bring out the ideas in a form that I think most likely to attract interest from our readership as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In contrast to the dogma, the authors hypothesized that cancer stem cells could also be induced by chemotherapy in those regions without sufficient drug delivery due to the imbalance of the angiogenesis and insufficient blood supply in certain regions of the tumor mass.