Showing papers in "Brain and Language in 1976"

TL;DR: A neuropsychological dissociation of heuristic and algorithmic processes based primarily, though not exclusively, on semantic and syntactic information, respectively is supported.

TL;DR: There is no evidence for “perceptual impairment” underlying dyslexic subjects' low scores and prolonged latencies, as the distribution of their errors is similar to that of normal children.

TL;DR: The language development of three 9- and 10-year-old children possessing only a right or a left hemisphere was studied, results in incomplete language acquisition.

TL;DR: There was a significant sex difference overall, such that males were more clearly lateralized than females on a dichotic listening task, and the hypothesis of a sex difference is at least tenable and merits further investigation.

TL;DR: The authors' analysis appears to indicate a relative hemispheric equipotentiality which permits the transfer of language representation to the opposite hemisphere in the case of a unilateral lesions in childhood.

TL;DR: Both latency and miss rate measures indicated that failure to name a word is associated with reduced semantic field for that word, supporting the view that nameing is, in part, determined by the convergence of associations.

TL;DR: The results of a tachistoscopic recognition experiment indicate that visual field differences cannot be explained in terms of verbal response requirements, and suggest that initial preprocessing is carried out more efficiently by the right hemisphere, and that this pre processing is more important for certain types of lettering than for others.

TL;DR: On the test of symbolic gesture interpretation aphasic patients performed significantly worse than any other group of brain-damaged patients and only a mild relationship was found between comprehension and reproduction of symbolic gestures.

TL;DR: It was proposed that language functions, though represented in the right hemisphere of normal people, are functionally localized in the left when the control which the left hemisphere exerts over the right is weakened or removed, e.g., by commissurotomy, right hemisphere language is released.

TL;DR: Patients with right-hemisphere damage, who ostensibly have no linguistic impairment, are relatively incapable of solving two-term series problems in which comparative adjectives in the premise and question are antonymic, suggesting that verbal reasoning depends, in part, upon nonlinguistic imaginal processes subserved by the right hemisphere.

TL;DR: Alajouanine et al.'s pioneering neurolinguistic studies of phonetic disintegration, both in the semiological context of Broca's aphasia and as an isolated clinical entity, are briefly discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, different varieties of deviant spoken language segments (phonemic, morphemic, verbal, and syntagmic paraphasias and telescopages, neologisms) and different forms of spoken language behaviors (thematic production, dyssyntaxia, glossolalia, and glossomania) are defined and exemplified.

TL;DR: A patient with a rather pure word deafness showed extreme suppression of right ear signals under dichotic conditions, suggesting that speech signals were being processed in the right hemisphere.

TL;DR: It was found that right visual field superiority which was independent of scanning direction appeared at the fifth grade, suggesting that hemispheric dominance and its attributes, parallel and sequential pattern recognition processes, is the major factor which determines the field preference for verbal material.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the neural mechanisms involved in learning to read and write may be critical for the complete establishment and maintenance of language dominance in the left hemisphere, and that, in this case, the patient's failure to acquire reading and writing skills altered the normal evolution of language lateralization and resulted in the right hemisphere assuming the dominant role.

TL;DR: The perception of 60 emotionally toned sentences, divided into meaningful and meaningless utterances, by high- and low-verbal aphasics and right hemisphere-damaged subjects who were not aphasic was investigated and while the happy mood seemed to be the least frequently selected among the three moods, closer inspection indicated that the subjects in absence of response bias were distinguishing among theThree moods with equal success.

TL;DR: Analysis of postoperative findings let to the conclusion that the responsible lesion was in the white matter of the left occipitotemporal region, below the angular gyrus and lateral to the lateral ventricle, and is therefore distinctly differentiated from the classical lesion in alexia without agraphia, which may be described as splenio-occipital.

TL;DR: Gross inspection of 30 human brains (60 hemispheres) from patients without hearing impairment revealed the following configurations of gyri: one on left and two on right (14 of 30); two on left-right-left-right (11 of 30;) and the proportions of these combinations appear to persist in larger tallies.

TL;DR: After resection of the left anterior temporal lobe, a 17-year-old girl showed a dissociation of the verbal and nonverbal elements of lateral body orientation, but was impaired in producing and understanding body part names.

TL;DR: It was concluded that meaning is a more salient parameter of wordness than is pronounceability and possible mechanisms for processing words presented to the left visual field were discussed.

TL;DR: Bilateral tachistoscopic procedures were utilized to investigate the visual half-field preferences of 15 stutterers and a group of 15 normal controls, and indicated reversed cerebral processing for the stuttering group as compared with the control group.

TL;DR: The authors explored the effects of semantic constraints on the occurrence of paralexic responses in two patients who tend to produce semantic errors in reading aloud, and found that using words as proper names (e.g., “brown” vs. “Sam Brown”) and short, highly familiar phrases to restrict the meaning of the target word were effective in reducing the frequency of semantic errors.

TL;DR: Memory for sequences became critical for linguistic performance of aphasics as information load increased, and memory for sequences was significantly impaired in aphasic only.

TL;DR: It was discovered that the number of intervening words had a greater effect on the aphasics for all conditions than it did for the other groups, however, when the rate of presentation was slowed, the Aphasics showed considerable improvement while the other patients maintained their same level of performance.

TL;DR: An analysis of span scores reveals that within each group there were no significant differences between the modes of presentation or the response modes, andrehension of spoken language significantly correlated with digit span scores.

TL;DR: Comprehension performance of 15 aphasic adults was studied while altering the rate of speech presentation and varying the pause time between the major phrases within sentences of increasing grammatical complexity.

TL;DR: The hypothesis is put forth that hyperlexia in children suggests the existence of an innate written language capacity, and the implications of this hypothesis for linguistic theory are discussed.

TL;DR: Alcholics and Control patients demonstrated increasing ability to rehearse semantically related words together as the organizational salience of the list increased, which placed the two control groups at a distinct advantage over the Korsakoff patients at the time of recalling the list.

TL;DR: A deaf man who became aphasic for sign language was seen 4 years after a left-hemisphere stroke, and was impaired, relative to nonaphasic deaf controls, in the imitation of complex nonlinguistic hand movements.