Showing papers in "Cataloging & Classification Quarterly in 2002"
TL;DR: Describes and analyzes the following three issues which elicit strong but divergent views among cataloging faculty, students, and practitioners: (1) practice versus theory in cataloging education; (2) dividing book and nonbook cataloging into separate classes versus teaching the cataloging of all materials in a single class.
Abstract: SUMMARY Describes and analyzes the following three issues which elicit strong but divergent views among cataloging faculty, students, and practitioners, and seem to have done so for as long as people have been writing about cataloging education: (1) practice versus theory in cataloging education; (2) dividing book and nonbook cataloging into separate classes versus teaching the cataloging of all materials in a single class; and (3) what setting is best for teaching cataloging–formal graduate school courses, on the job training, or continuing education offerings. Speculates on how these issues may play out in the future as cataloging education continues to evolve in the 21st century.
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the current state of graduate bibliographic control education in the United States is examined through reviewing the literature, analyzing web sites for 48 LIS programs, and corresponding with and interviewing BCL educators.
Abstract: SUMMARY The current state of graduate bibliographic control education in the United States is examined through reviewing the literature, analyzing Web sites for 48 LIS programs, and corresponding with and interviewing bibliographic control educators. In reviewing the recent bibliographic control education literature, six primary themes were identified: background/ contextual information, theory versus practice, responsibilities and skills needed by catalogers, relations between educators and practitioners, the universality of cataloging, and curricular issues. Each of these areas is examined in depth. The study conducted examined the number and types of bibliographic control education available in LIS programs in the US. It also collected information on which textbooks were being used in each course. It appears from the study that some courses are increasing in number. The primary areas of bibliographic control education examined include organizing information, technical services, classification theory, i...
32 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an ideal library school is described, and the authors argue that cataloging should be at the heart of library education and argue that alternatives to vocabulary control and bibliographic architecture such as Google are better and cheaper than cataloging.
Abstract: SUMMARY Enemies of cataloging today include ill-informed administrators, information scientists in library schools, and those who think that alternatives to vocabulary control and bibliographic architecture–such as Google–are better and cheaper than cataloging. Bibliographic control and cataloging should be at the heart of library education. An ideal library school is described.
31 citations
TL;DR: A theoretical framework is outlined, including methodological consequences in terms of how to go about teaching students of knowledge organization and users of information retrieval systems the literate activity of using the bibliographic record as a text.
Abstract: SUMMARY Conceptualizing the bibliographic record as text implies that it needs to be treated as such in order to fully exploit its function in information retrieval activities, which affects how access to works can be achieved A theoretical framework is outlined, including methodological consequences in terms of how to go about teaching students of knowledge organization and users of information retrieval systems the literate activity of using the bibliographic record as a text For knowledge organization research, this implies that providing access to texts and the works they embody is not a technical matter, but rather a literate issue
24 citations
TL;DR: Research in knowledge organization is summarized, indicating ways in which ontology, epistemology, and semiotics have lately been used as looking glasses through which to view the social informational roles of works.
Abstract: SUMMARY The purpose of this volume is to extend our understanding of the work entity and its role in information retrieval Basic definitions are reviewed to provide a summary of current thought about works, their role in the catalog, and the potential for better accommodating them in future information retrieval environments A discussion of entities for information retrieval and works as entities follows Research in knowledge organization is summarized, indicating ways in which ontology, epistemology, and semiotics have lately been used as looking glasses through which to view the social informational roles of works
24 citations
TL;DR: The authors discusses the development of descriptive cataloging from 1830 to 1908 and focuses on the careers of Antonio Panizzi, Charles Coffin Jewett and Charles Ammi Cutter and analyzes the various rules and codes put forth by both Americans and British librarians and the eventual cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom.
Abstract: SUMMARY This paper discusses the development of descriptive cataloging from 1830 to 1908 and focuses on the careers of Antonio Panizzi, Charles Coffin Jewett, and Charles Ammi Cutter and the development of the American Library Association (ALA) and the Library Association of the United Kingdom (LAUK). It analyzes the various rules and codes put forth by both Americans and British librarians and the eventual cooperation between the United States and the United Kingdom.
19 citations
TL;DR: A follow-up study explores the views of library educators with regard to cataloging education and found library educators, in general, agreed with practitioners on the listed cataloging competencies for all entry-level academic librarians.
Abstract: SUMMARY The topic of cataloging education for catalogers and non-catalogers alike has been a perennial topic for practitioners. This follow-up study explores the views of library educators with regard to cataloging education. Twenty-three educators with primary teaching duties in reference, twenty-nine educators with primary teaching duties in cataloging and seventy educators whose primary teaching duties were in neither reference nor cataloging in ALA-accredited master's degree programs responded to a survey based on the ALCTS Educational Policy Statement, Appendix: Knowledge and Skills, Intellectual Access and Information Organization concerning the importance of cataloging competencies for all entry-level academic librarians. The survey found library educators, in general, agreed with practitioners on the listed cataloging competencies for all entry-level academic librarians.
19 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present demographic data from the Association of Research Libraries to argue that professional staffing in technical services/cataloging positions is declining, and two factors are identified as possible causes: a consistent and long-term drop-off in hiring, and unusually high retirement rates resulting from the advanced age of these staff.
Abstract: SUMMARY This paper presents demographic data from the Association of Research Libraries to argue that professional staffing in technical services/cataloging positions is declining. Two factors are identified as possible causes: first, a consistent and long-term drop-off in hiring, and second, unusually high retirement rates resulting from the advanced age of these staff.
18 citations
TL;DR: The subject is analysed as a relation between the entities in the third group: concept, object, event, place and the entity work, and the model identifies the logical entities, attributes and relationships which run between these entities.
Abstract: The National Central Library in Florence, Italy, has commissioned a feasibility study for the renewal of the Soggettario [Subject headings for Italian libraries]. [It is indispensable for the theoretical development to take place within the international debate and to approach the topic of a new Soggettario with reference to the FRBR.] The subject is analysed as a relation between the entities in the third group: concept, object, event, place and the entity work. The model identifies the logical entities, attributes and relationships which run between the entities. The article returns to and amplifies the user tasks of FRBR which involve a subject: (1) Find the works on a given subject; (2) Find the works in which a concept is significantly treated; (3) Select a work by its main subject only; (4) Lead to a search for works on related subjects; (5) Lead to a search for works in which related or connected subjects are handled.
18 citations
TL;DR: The introduction of new areas of study, corresponding curricular changes, and the nature of LIS faculty as influencing the role of cataloging in the professional education of librarians are identified.
Abstract: SUMMARY Explores factors that have influenced library and information science education over the past two decades. Emphasis is placed on cataloging instruction and particularly cataloging as a required course. Identifies the introduction of new areas of study, corresponding curricular changes, and the nature of LIS faculty as influencing the role of cataloging in the professional education of librarians. An analysis is provided of the changing perception of the importance of cataloging in professional library education programs.
17 citations
TL;DR: Bibliographic families of models may better reflect disciplinary intellectual structures and relationships, thereby providing information retrieval that is reflective of human information seeking and use purposes such as teaching and learning.
Abstract: SUMMARY This paper is about important artifacts of scientific research, namely models. The author proposes that the representations of scientific models be treated as works. Bibliographic families of models may better reflect disciplinary intellectual structures and relationships, thereby providing information retrieval that is reflective of human information seeking and use purposes such as teaching and learning. Two examples of scientific models are presented using the Dublin Core metadata elements.
TL;DR: This paper is written from the perspective of a manager of cataloging operations, and considers the kinds of skills, education and training needed for both catalogers and managers, and suggests how such skills can be acquired and maintained.
Abstract: SUMMARY Catalogers and those who manage cataloging operations need a broader practical knowledge base than can be reasonably acquired in library schools, especially since the availability of cataloging coursework in library schools has decreased over time. This paper is written from the perspective of a manager of cataloging operations, and considers the kinds of skills, education and training needed for both catalogers and managers. It concentrates primarily on library specific education, computer, and communication skills, and suggests how such skills can be acquired and maintained.
TL;DR: Preliminary results show that the clusters formed by the relationship types used here are of unequal size, and it is suggested that alternative strategies be investigated for their potential to create more useful clustered displays.
Abstract: SUMMARY Displays grouping retrieved bibliographic record sets into categories or clusters may communicate search results more quickly and effectively to users than current catalog displays providing long alphabetical lists of records. Bibliographic records associated with three large fiction works are analyzed to discover the presence of relationship-type indicators. Preliminary results show that 94% of the records in this study contained indicators of cluster type that would allow them to be correctly identified automatically. However, the clusters formed by the relationship types used here are of unequal size. Because of this, it is suggested that alternative strategies be investigated for their potential to create more useful clustered displays.
TL;DR: A model program providing four levels of expertise is presented to illustrate that future cataloging education will have a broader scope, incorporating metadata and various aspects of information organization.
Abstract: SUMMARY This paper describes challenges in organizing digital resources, the role of cataloging in such an effort, forces that threaten the future of cataloging, and responses from the field. It identifies ten issues for consideration when one designs a future cataloging education program. A model program providing four levels of expertise is presented to illustrate that future cataloging education will have a broader scope, incorporating metadata and various aspects of information organization. The program shows that LIS programs can meet different market demands to cover cataloging and metadata topics adequately to help students and ensure the central role of the profession in future information organization.
TL;DR: In this article, the mentors' perspective on teaching cataloging and their experience in teaching future colleagues via the Web board was examined, and the mentors were asked to critique assignments from students enrolled in Professor Gertrude Koh's classes at the Graduate School of Library and Information Science at the Dominican University in River Forest, Illinois through the use of an Internet bulletin board.
Abstract: SUMMARY Cataloging experts from across the United States were asked to critique assignments from students enrolled in Professor Gertrude Koh's classes at the Graduate School of Library and Information Science at the Dominican University in River Forest, Illinois through the use of an Internet bulletin board (WebBoard™, O'Reilly & Associates, Inc.). This paper examines the mentors' perspective on teaching cataloging and their experience in teaching future colleagues via the WebBoard.
TL;DR: An opinionated and very informal exploration of the reasons that cataloging is often disparaged or undervalued, with suggestions for initiatives that might improve perceptions and enable advancement of cataloging agenda.
Abstract: SUMMARY An opinionated and very informal exploration of the reasons that cataloging is often disparaged or undervalued, with suggestions for initiatives that might improve perceptions and enable advancement of cataloging agenda.
TL;DR: The authors' thoughts on the importance of subject cataloging in graduate LIS education, the theory versus practice debate, goals, class work, grading, making it concrete to the students, ordering topics in the courses, separating subject analysis from descriptive cataloging, and concerns for the future are discussed.
Abstract: SUMMARY The authors, Professor Arlene G Taylor and her doctoral student, Daniel N Joudrey, discuss their approach to teaching subject cataloging in the graduate library and information sciences (LIS) program at the University of Pittsburgh's School of Information Sciences This essay discusses the authors' thoughts on the importance of subject cataloging in graduate LIS education, the theory versus practice debate, goals, class work, grading, making it concrete to the students, ordering topics in the courses, separating subject analysis from descriptive cataloging, and concerns for the future In the not too distant past, library schools considered the teaching of Dewey Decimal Classification and Library of Congress Subject Headings to be totally adequate preparation for graduates to function subject-wise in their chosen profession As time has moved on we have gone through periods in which even these were considered unnecessary “because keyword searching is better than subject headings” and “classifica
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors of original works, actors, and directors are useful to both search and view in LibCat, while few perceived editor, consultant, and camera person as useful.
Abstract: In this study, Texas A&M University faculty and graduate students from 16 departments completed a survey about their methods of finding videocassettes in the library, how they searched the online catalog LibCat for videocassettes, and their perceptions of catalog record elements. Results demonstrated that the majority of respondents used LibCat the most often for finding videocassettes. They searched by title and were satisfied with known item searching. Finally, respondents considered authors of original works, actors, and directors as useful to both search and view in LibCat, while few perceived editor, consultant, and camera person as useful.
TL;DR: This paper looks at some old and new attempts to isolate the fundamental principles underlying AACR and analyzes the relationship of these principles and rules to the final product, the library catalog, pointing out differences between catalogs that are paper-based and those that are electronic.
Abstract: SUMMARY Recent attempts to assess the adequacy of AACR as a descriptive cataloging code for the online environment have focused attention on cataloging principles. This paper looks at some old and new attempts to isolate the fundamental principles underlying AACR. It considers catalog objectives, principles, and rules and looks at how these relate to one another. It analyzes the relationship of these principles and rules to the final product, the library catalog, pointing out differences (in this regard) between catalogs that are paper-based and those that are electronic. Finally, it comments on the present effort of the Joint Steering Committee for Revision of AACR to formulate a statement of principles to be included in a new introduction to AACR.
TL;DR: Examination of the implementation of a different approach to the expression of the subject content of monographs in the cataloging record using a post-coordinate, thesaurus of keywords, and in-depth analysis of mistakes in indexing found a medium level of inter-indexer consistency.
Abstract: The overall objective of this study was to examine the implementation of a different approach to the expression of the subject content of monographs in the cataloging record, i.e., the use of a post-coordinate, thesaurus of keywords, using inter-indexer consistency testing and in-depth analysis of mistakes in indexing. A sample of 50 non-fiction monographs was subject cataloged by 16 library science students (non-experienced indexers) using the new Hebrew Thesaurus of Indexing Terms (1996). The 800 indexing records of the non-experienced indexers were compared to the “correct indexing records” (prepared by a panel of three experienced indexers). Indexing consistency was measured using two different formulas used in previous inter-indexer studies. A medium level of inter-indexer consistency was found. In the analysis of mistakes, it was found that the most frequent mistake was the assignment of indexing terms to minor subject matter (i.e., subjects that were less than 20% of the content of the boo...
TL;DR: The OCLC course paves the way for a new standardized program of online cataloging education that will be tailored for working catalogers at all levels of expertise and that will offer specialized, yet convenient, training in a wide variety of formats.
Abstract: SUMMARY This article endorses the use of Web-based instruction for cataloging education as represented by OCLC's online course, Cataloging Internet Resources Using MARC21 and AACR2. This type of instruction is particularly useful to working catalogers (professional and paraprofessional alike) who cannot spare the time or the expense to attend workshops and seminars in order to receive training in the latest developments in the field. The OCLC course also paves the way for a new standardized program of online cataloging education that will be tailored for working catalogers at all levels of expertise and that will offer specialized, yet convenient, training in a wide variety of formats.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present case studies that describe the nature and characteristics of three works wherein the primary manifestations are cartographic, including Ptolemy's Geographia, Martini's Novus Atlas Sinensis and Bailey's Ecoregions of the United States.
Abstract: SUMMARY The methods cartographers and publishers have used to compile and distribute maps in the past are central to historians of cartography in their thinking and documentation of them as works. This article presents case studies that describe the nature and characteristics of three works wherein the primary manifestations are cartographic. The cases are mapped into an entity-relationship model and include Ptolemy's Geographia, Martini's Novus Atlas Sinensis and Bailey's Ecoregions of the United States. Consideration is made of the implications of using cartographic works as entities for information retrieval.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the role of the community of catalogers in the formal education process and its role in the area of informal continuing education, especially for electronic discussion lists such as AUTOCAT.
Abstract: SUMMARY The community of catalogers (defined as “those who work with you”) plays a relatively small role in the formal education process. It plays a greater role in training as new hires talk to their new colleagues, subscribe to electronic discussion lists (especially focused lists such as the Passport for Windows list, LCWeb, AUTOCAT, etc.) and become involved in professional associations, cooperative projects, etc. Its greatest role, however, is in the area of informal continuing education. That is especially true for electronic discussion lists such as AUTOCAT. Such lists fill a gap in the education/training continuum: how to find quick, specific answers to questions when your library lacks either the personnel or print or electronic resources to provide them. They extend the community of catalogers from those who work with you to the entire world.
TL;DR: The survey results show that an ongoing collaboration among librarians, employers and educators is needed to refine and simplify the process of authority control education.
Abstract: SUMMARY Educating librarians to perform authority work and catalog maintenance involves formal education in library school and both on-the-job and in-service training However, the path from library school graduate to authority control librarian is neither direct nor self-evident The authors surveyed the membership of the AUTOCAT electronic discussion group to determine how librarians learn the theory and practice of authority control and catalog maintenance; strategies that would make authority control easier to learn; levels of educational responsibility involved for the library schools, individual librarians and their employers; and how librarians value authority control The survey results show that an ongoing collaboration among librarians, employers and educators is needed to refine and simplify the process of authority control education
TL;DR: The paper discusses all of the problems in the cataloging of Arabic script materials in detail and highlights various attempts, both successful and unsuccessful, made to resolve them.
Abstract: Some of the problems in the cataloging of Arabic script materials are due to the peculiarities of Arabic books not generally found in European or American imprints, such as the lack of a chief source of information, missing date of publication, mixing up the term impression with edition, etc. Other problems result from the difficulties in determining the form of Arabic personal and corporate names, lack of standard Arabic subject headings, poor coverage of Islamic and Arabic literature, history, culture, customs, and religion in Western classification systems, limitation of the MARC format in dealing with the requirements of Arabic script materials, and the lower standard of cataloging education and training. The paper discusses all of these problems in detail and highlights various attempts, both successful and unsuccessful, made to resolve them.
TL;DR: In this article, it is argued that a textual approach provides an incomplete methodology for the retrieval of the component parts of a television series, and the use of work identifiers in the collocation of episodes.
Abstract: SUMMARY Although performed works are defined based on their collaborative nature and rules for mixed responsibility in AACR2R, descriptive practices are vague when applied to the cataloging of a television series—a type of performed work. Is the umbrella title identical as the title expressed in a bibliographic series? Or is it the collective title of the work and each episode a part? A key factor in this decision is in understanding how performed works are distinct from textual works. By highlighting the seminal television situation comedy I Love Lucy as an example, it is argued that a textual approach provides an incomplete methodology for the retrieval of the component parts of a television series. Descriptive areas in AACR2R are explored, particularly issues related to seriality, whole-part relationships, and the use of work identifiers in the collocation of episodes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the usage of textbooks in bibliographic control education was examined by analyzing the Web sites of the 48 ALA-accredited LIS schools in the United States, excluding only the program at the University of Puerto Rico.
Abstract: SUMMARY As part of the study reported in this paper, the usage of textbooks in bibliographic control education was also examined. This information, which is presented in the following sixteen tables (see the Appendix), was obtained by analyzing the Web sites of the 48 ALA-accredited LIS schools in the United States, excluding only the program at the University of Puerto Rico. The course description and the syllabus for each course were examined to determine the textbooks used. If a current syllabus was not available on the Web, the school's cataloging faculty was contacted by e-mail. In a few cases, telephone interviews were conducted to obtain the needed information. Data collection occurred between September 14, 2000 and February 12, 2001. From the 48 schools in this survey, it was found that 92 individual textbook titles were being used in ALA-accredited US graduate schools in the area of bibliographic control education. The total number of textbooks required for all the courses was 422 (a figure that ...
TL;DR: To gauge the value of the required UNCG cataloging course and its impact on their professional duties, graduates of the UNCG MLIS program were surveyed during the last quarter of 2001.
Abstract: SUMMARY The debate over whether cataloging courses should be required has continued for many years between faculties in various ‘library’ schools. To gauge the value of the required UNCG cataloging course and its impact on their professional duties, graduates of the UNCG MLIS program were surveyed during the last quarter of 2001. Of the 191 respondents, whether they had positions as catalogers or not, the overwhelming majority (89%) felt that such a course is essential and should be required.
TL;DR: This paper includes specific suggestions on how to make cataloging exciting and combines theory and practice, avoid memorization, and require students to show a mastery of core principles rather than picky details.
Abstract: SUMMARY Cataloging remains a fundamental component of library and information science and has many lessons to teach the architects of the Internet age. All students can benefit from taking a cataloging course, especially if it stresses cataloging as one specific answer to the problems of managing information and places cataloging within a larger context that also includes indexing and Internet search engines. Students deserve cataloging courses that combine theory and practice, avoid memorization, and require them to show a mastery of core principles rather than picky details. This paper includes specific suggestions on how to make cataloging exciting.
TL;DR: The well-known 91 rules of the 1841 British Museum catalog, adopted in July 1839, had an ancestor in a draft of 73 rules from March 1839 as mentioned in this paper, a document that might be called the original rules of Antonio Panizzi.
Abstract: SUMMARY The well-known 91 rules of the 1841 British Museum catalog, adopted in July 1839, had an ancestor in a draft of 73 rules from March 1839, a document that might be called the original rules of Antonio Panizzi. The code, finally sanctioned by the British Museum Trustees, has some substantial differences from the original draft, differences that seem to foreshadow later discussion on cataloging rules. In this preliminary analysis, some of these differences are described. Additionally, the origin of the rules is discussed.