Showing papers in "Insect Biochemistry in 1982"

TL;DR: The de novo biosynthesis of linoleic acid was demonstrated in the cockroach, Periplaneta americana, the termite, Zootermopsis angusticollis and the cricket and it was demonstrated that radioactivity was incorporated into the fragments containing carbons 1–9 and 13–18, suggesting that the entire molecule was labelled.

TL;DR: In this paper, a single substance from the venom gland of the ant Myrmica rubra L. was identified as 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine by microchemical methods and by comparison with the synthetic compounds.

TL;DR: An unsaturated compound, 1,2-dehydro-N-acetyldopamine, has been obtained from locust cuticle and it is suggested that the compound is an intermediate in the normal sclerotization of insect cuticle, and a hypothetical scheme is presented for the metabolic pathways of N-actyldopamines during sclerOTization.

TL;DR: In vitro experiments showed that Malpighian tubules were effective at removing octopamine added to the incubation medium, and it is proposed that release ofOctopamine from thoracic nerves can account for much of the increase inoctopamine that occurs in haemolymph during the first few minutes of flight.

TL;DR: The delay in recovery in recovery is interpreted as being due to the time taken for the replacement of amine storage vesicles, which resulted in almost maximal depletion of the stored amines.

TL;DR: In the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.), high prostaglandin levels in the testes and the female spermatheca are reduced in the presence of the prostaglandsin synthesis inhibitors aspirin, acetaminophen and indomethacin.

TL;DR: The cellulase activity of Mastotermes darwiniensis was present in the salivary glands and in the hindgut when carboxymethylcellulose was used as the substrate, and produced mainly, maltose and maltotriose during the hydrolysis of amylose.

TL;DR: In this article, the symbionts from the pea aphid were incubated with [35S]-methionine and most of the proteins labelled differed from those detected by staining.

TL;DR: Results demonstrated that insect insulin and vertebrate insulin are structurally similar.

TL;DR: Rhodnius prolixus Stal contained cathepsin D in the posterior midgut to breakdown ingested blood proteins to establish an extracellular digestive proteinase consistent with the presence of cat hepsin B and lysosomal carboxypeptidase B, that have also been detected in the Posterior Midgut of R. Prolixus and other blood sucking Hemiptera.

TL;DR: Exochitinase from moulting fluid, integument and pupal haemolymph of Manduca sexta was greater than two orders of magnitude more active in hydrolyzing a series of N- acetylglucosamine oligosaccharides than the β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (EII).

TL;DR: The ATPase from brain is unaffected by JH, which indicates that some, at least, of the ATPase activity found in follicle cells is different from theactivity found in other tissues.

TL;DR: Analysis of the heart accelerating peptide neurohormone D showed the following amino acids in nearly molar ratios: Asp 2, Glu 1, Pro 1, Phe 1, Ser 1, Val 1.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the two enzymes act as key enzymes regulating temperature-dependent interconversion between glycogen and trehalose in this insect.

TL;DR: It was found that haemolymph of third instar larvae of Sarcophaga peregrina was selectively incorporated into the fat body in the early pupal stage and that 20-hydroxyecdysone was essential in this process to activate thefat body to incorporate storage protein.

TL;DR: Four high mol.

TL;DR: The CNS of adult houseflies, locusts, fleshflies and larval cotton leafworm had comparatively high concentrations of alanine, GABA, aspartate, octopamine, dopamine, noradrenaline and glutamate (glutamine).

TL;DR: Results suggest that the prepupal fat body of C. ethlius sequesters at least one and probably two (the 720 K and 580 K proteins) of the three major fifth stadium haemolymph proteins.

TL;DR: It is inferred that the vitellin of C. erythrocephala is an oligomer, probably a tetramer, of the 49 and 46 K polypeptides which are synthesized by the fat body and secreted without major processing.

TL;DR: Control at the PFK locus appears to be responsible for the differential, temperature dependent synthesis of glycerol and sorbitol as cryoprotectants in E. solidaginis, which could result in a severe restriction of flux through the PFP locus at low temperature blocking low temperature Glycerol synthesis and potentiating Sorbitol production.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the direct resorption of haemolymph storage proteins by fat body; however, it may only in part account for the storage protein pool accumulated by pharate pupal and pupal fat body tissues.

TL;DR: JH titre may regulate JHE activity at precise times during the reproductive cycle of D. punctata, and both oocyte growth and high J HE activity were restored in allatectomized females treated with hydroprene, a JH analogue, in a dose-dependent fashion.

TL;DR: By transplanting ovaries into males, it was possible to demonstrate that the polypeptides produced in the ovary are phosphorylated in a manner that was not distinguishable from that found for haemolymph vitellogenin polypePTides.

TL;DR: Observations strongly suggest that phosphofructokinase acts as a primary key enzyme that regulates the end product, either glycerol or trehalose, of glycogen breakdown during diapause; the relatively high activity of Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase found in the glycersol-accumulating insects may also facilitate the formation of glycerols.

TL;DR: Electrophoretical analysis of haemolymph proteins from Rhynchosciara americana in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate revealed the occurrence of two vitellogenic polypeptides, V 1 and V 2, with molecular weights of 240,000 and 220,000 respectively.

TL;DR: Tyrosine glucoside serves as a primary source of tyrosine and glucose for cuticle formation in Lepidoptera undergoing metamorphosis.

TL;DR: Long chain acyl-CoA desaturase activity has been characterized in a microsomal fraction from the adult housefly, Musca domestica, and it is shown that females did not synthesize large amounts of alkene after day two, and the correlation with desatur enzyme activity was not as strong.

TL;DR: Chemical analysis of hydrocarbons, triacylglycerols and free fatty acids present in hexane extracts of the crop, oesophagus and postpharyngeal gland of colony-founding queens of Solenopsis invicta Buren illustrates that the oesophile enlarges into a thoracic crop concomitant with wing muscle histolysis.