International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research 

About: International Journal of Agricultural Science and Research is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Crop yield & Agriculture. It has an ISSN identifier of 2250-0057. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 620 publications have been published receiving 1579 citations.

The different impact on the growth of cool season turf grass under the various conditions on salinity and draught stress.

Abstract: The research studies the different impact on the growth of cool season trufgrass under the various conditions on salinity and drought stress. and was conducted in a greenhouse at northeast agriculture university in china department of horticulture during 2012-2013 using hydroponics system, toimpact on the growth responses of three cool-season turf grass species, Kentucky bluegrass (poapratensis L.), Rough bluegrass (Poatrivialis), and Perennial ryegrass (Loliumsperenne) in terms of shootlength and root lengths and dry matter (DM), and percent canopy green cover (%CGC) under salinity and drought stresses. All these turf grasses were grown in Hoagland solution for 80 days prior to initiation of salinity or drought stresses. Then, 22meqNaCl/L culture solutions per day were added for each -0.1 MPa OP of salinity stress, or 70 and 115 g of PEG/L were added for -0.2 and -0.4 MPa OP of drought stress treatments, individually. The treatments included control, -0.2 and -0.4 MPa OP salinity, -0.2 and -0.4 MPa OP drought stress. Four replications of each treatment were used in a randomized complete block design experiment. During the stress period, grass shoots were clipped weekly for dry matter production, shoot and root lengths were measured and percent canopy green cover was calculated. The weekly clippings and the roots at the last harvest were oven dried at 50oC and dry matter weights were recorded. All 3 grass species were more severely affected by drought than salinity. Bluegrass was the most and bentgrass the least rigorously affected by either drought or salinity stress.

Induction of defense enzymes and phenolic content by Trichoderma viride in Vigna mungo infested with Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata.

Abstract: Trichoderma viride is one of the most important biocontrol agents (BCAs) that have been used in agriculture across the globe. They provide systemic resistance to plants infested by various fungal phytopathogens. Biocontrol activity of Trichoderma based BCAs inheres in their ability to orchestrate various biochemical pathways in plants parasitized by fungi. Although studies delineating biocontrol activity of Trichoderma against fungal pathogens are documented, there is need for divulging the biochemical basis of disease resistance being induced by Trichoderma. Therefore, investigations pertaining to induction of such systemic resistance and associated biochemical responses is essential to understand the mechanism of biological control by Trichoderma viride. In this regard, current study was designed to understand the role of T. viride in inducing defense enzymes (Peroxidase, Polyphenol Oxidase and Phenyl Alanine ammonia Lyase) and total phenolic content in black gram exposed to pathogens Fusarium oxysporum and Alternaria alternata. It was found that the biocontrol agent, T. viride induced higher levels of defense enzymes in black gram during pathogenesis by F. oxysporum and A. alteranata. Therefore, it was concluded that plant defense enzymes play a vital role in mitigating pathogen-induced stress in legume, Vigna mungo during the biological control by T. viride. Outcomes of the study will be useful in formulating T. viride based BCA formulations to control wilt and blight diseases caused by fungal phytopathogens.

A review on weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogea L.).

Abstract: Groundnut or peanut is highly susceptible to weed infestation because of its slow growth in the initial stages upto 40 DAS, short plant height and underground pod bearing habit. Unlike other crops, weeds interfere with pegging, pod development and harvesting of groundnut during different stages of crop growth besides competing for essential resources. Therefore, weeding has to be completed before pegging. Groundnut weeds comprise diverse plant species from grasses to broad-leaf weeds and sedges and cause substantial yield losses (15-75%) which are more in bunch type than in virginia groundnut. Critically viewing, the manual and mechanical methods of weed control, besides being less effective, costly and time demand as well as need to be repeated at frequent intervals. Chemical weed control is a better supplement to conventional methods and forms an integral part of the modern crop production cultivation and in this review, various physical, chemical and mechanical methods that curtail the growth and spread of weeds have been discussed. The common weed management practice for groundnut is pre-emergence application of selective herbicides like pendimethalin or fluchloralin followed by one hand weeding. Thus use of herbicides is one of the options left with the farmers to eliminate crop weed competition at early growth stage of crop. Hence, a brief review is presented on the nature of weed spectrum in groundnut, competition between crops and weeds, their effect on growth and yield, different weed management practices for groundnut

Identification of the phenolic components in Bulgarian raspberry cultivars by LC-ESI-MSn.

Abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometric (ESI-MS) detection in positive and negative ion modes has been used to identify phenolic compounds in five red raspberry cultivars from Bulgaria. Photodiode-array detection (PDA) has been used to screen the main classes of phenolic compounds, such as ellagitannins, anthocyanins, flavonol glucosides, flavan-3-ols and phenolic acid glycosides. A total of 60 components were tentatively characterized. The anthocyanins were cyanidin and pelargonidin types, found predominantly as their glucosylrutinosides. The major flavonol glucosides were quercetin and kaempferol types found mainly as their rutinosides and glucuronides. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total anthocyanin content were evaluated by FRAP assay, Folin-Ciocalteu method and pH-differential method respectively.

Socio-economic and environmental changes with transition from shifting to settled cultivation in North-Eastern India: an ergonomics perspective.

Abstract: „Jhum‟, a shifting agriculture technique pertaining to North-Eastern Region of India (NERI) is traditionally being practiced by local tribes from ancient ages. This practice accounts almost 86% of total shifting cultivation area of India, imposes a severe ecological threat to environment in hilly areas in recent years. Demographic density, expansion of trade networks, economic and social change are now pushing „Jhum‟ into increasingly marginal. Most of the local people are gradually moving towards wet or settled cultivation as shifting cultivations hardly have any inclination to produce a surplus. Instead of this transition from shifting to settled cultivation, overall agricultural yield is insufficient to fulfil local need. Among predisposing factors at the background of low agricultural (both shifting and settled cultivations) productivity in NERI, use of local artisans made primitive tools/equipment which are ineffective/not well suited with user‟s physical capacity and incapable of providing better performance for higher efficiency and inadequate irrigation facility are few worthy to mention. Current paper highlights present situation of agricultural practice, socio-economic-ecological changes due to transition from traditional to settle cultivation in NERI and root causes of low agricultural productivity of this region following extensive literature review. This paper has also been aimed to demonstrate existing scenario of ergonomic interventions and future direction to come up with better ergonomic design strategies for improvement of agricultural hand tools and machines for making NERI as self-dependent foodgrains producer.