Showing papers in "Journal of Applied Psychology in 1966"

Visual acuity as measured by dynamic and static tests: a comparative evaluation.

Abstract: In order to provide, for the 1st time, definitive information on the relationship between static visual acuity and acuity for a moving target (dynamic visual acuity), both types of acuity were measured for 17,500 Ss, ages 16-92. The results show: (a) acuity declines progressively with both increasing speed of target movement and advancing age, (b) males have consistently better acuity (both static and dynamic) than females, and (c) high intercorrelations exist between the static and dynamic tests, these correlations decreasing with increasing speed of target movement. These findings are presented primarily for their value in providing normative data to other researchers. Additional research is suggested to explain some of the relationships obtained in the study. (A)

The relationship of intentions to level of performance

Abstract: There has been considerable research on the relationship of various demographic, social, psychological, and personality variables to productivity or level of performance. Likert (1961) and Parker (19o3) have emphasized human relations and supervisor variables Katzell, Barrett, and Parker (1961) and Parker (1963) have examined the effects of situational (e.g., city size) variables on performance. Dunnette, Campbell, and Jaastad (1963) among other.-, have studied the effects of group structure on output quantiu Atkinson (1958) and McClelland (1961) have explored the relationship between the need for achievement and quantin of output. These appioaches have in common the fact that they do not specify what it is the individual is consciously trying to do in these situations. The piocess by which situational and supervisory variables affect performance is usualK left unspecified or is assumed to involve some complex conscious or unconscious reasoning process on the part of the individual The "need for achievement1' is specifically acknowledged not to be a part of the individual's conscious experience in spite of its apparent influence on his behavior (McClelland, Atkinson, Clark, & Lowell, 1953).

Effects of realistic stress and procedural interference in experimental lie detection.

Abstract: 2 different samples of police trainees were used to investigate: (1) the effect of realistic stress in experimental lie detection, and (2) the possible interference with the GSR channel resulting from the simultaneous recording of blood pressure. It was found that: (1) GSR detection results under stress were essentially similar to those obtained in mild experimental situations, and far superior in detection efficiency to analysis of heart rate changes. (2) The introduction of a blood-pressure cuff inflated to 80 mm. of mercury for the 90 sec. of interrogation (similar to actual field measurement conditions) reduced the efficiency of detection of the GSR channel. (3) There is some suggestion that GSR reactivity may be related to ethnic origin. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)