Showing papers in "Journal of Biological Standardization in 1973"

TL;DR: The full data concerning the history of attenuated poliovirus strains developed by one of us for vaccine production are brought together in the report below to be both helpful and informative to those involved in the production and control of poliov virus vaccine (oral) prepared from these strains.

TL;DR: With the same combination of stabilizers and lyophilized tissue culture smallpox vaccine, whether the ampoules were sealed in vacuo or in nitrogen, turned out to be more stable than lyophILized calf lymph.

TL;DR: In this treatise an attempt has been made to present a detailed description of a tried and tested complete procedure on the neurovirulence test.

TL;DR: The toxicity of four different ‘cationic’ quaternary ammonium compounds was tested in cultures of primary monkey kidney cells and in mice and rabbits and showed that the toxic action was time dependent.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined sera from patients with typical cutaneous or general allergic reactions and other complaints after application of non-infectious smallpox vaccine for precipitating antibodies against calf serum and its albumin- or globulin-fraction respectively.

TL;DR: Rate of initiation of growth was reduced in the low concentration of 1:7,000,000 with maximum recovery at 21 days, whereas maximum recovery occurred in 7–10 days in the six control media which were similar in promoting growth.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the assay methods proposed for the potency assay of diphtheria and tetanus toxoids in the European Pharmacopoeia are appropriate for their purposes provided that certain safeguards are observed.

TL;DR: A comparison was made of three pools of virus prepared from the type 3 Sabin original poliovirus, and a similar study of commercial and experimental harvests made from them revealed differences related to tissue culture passage and seed.

TL;DR: In this article, the stability of freeze-dried Cendehill® strain was studied and the results demonstrate that the vaccine is very stable when stored under appropriate conditions, such as at room temperature and at 36 °C.

TL;DR: The sensitivity of several influenza viruses to 1-adamantanamine (1-Adam) was studied using the plaque inhibition test in rhesus monkey kidney cells and it was found that the resistance to 2-Adam could be transferred from one influenza virus to another.

TL;DR: A vaccine strength of about 5000 TCID50 per dose, that was found to induce more than 95% conversions while still giving comparatively few side-reactions, would appear to be most suitable for routine vaccination of children against measles.

TL;DR: Although there is no general agreement on interpretation as yet, it is recommended that the International Standard should be used as a basis for comparing results and that, if secondary standards are used, they should be calibrated against the International standard by the complement-fixation test.

TL;DR: The results indicated that the potencies of the preparations as determined in each animal species correlated highly with the human serologic responses.

TL;DR: An attenuated recombinant influenza A virus, previously screened in volunteer trials for its potential value as a live vaccine, was tested for two possible hazards, uncontrolled spread to unvaccinated people and subsequent enhancement of virus virulence by multiple man-to-man passages as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: It was concluded from results that serum proteins (especially the globulin fraction) are adsorbed onto the cells and possibly also onto the surface of larger, enveloped viruses and are not completely removed by the conventional washing procedures.

TL;DR: In this article, three different preparations of Brucella abortus (strain 544) were compared for their virulence in guinea-pigs at three different dose levels, and two of the preparations, a freeze-dried culture and a culture stored in liquid nitrogen, had been stored for 12 months.

TL;DR: It was clearly shown that an active immunity could always be induced after two toxoid injections, but a number of patients had serum titres lower than 0·01 i.u./ml during a transient period.

TL;DR: Results confirm previous findings that strain 19 vaccine confers a worthwhile degree of protection against Br.

TL;DR: A 5% suspension of ‘Saccharomyces cerevisiae siccum’ (dried inactive baker's yeast) can be used equally well in the typhoid mouse protection test as 5% mucin and the yeast suspension appears to have about the same pathogenicity promoting activity weight for weight for typhoid as does mucin.

TL;DR: The fundamental criteria which allow treatment of stationary, stoppered bottle cultures of human diploid cell strain WI-38 as a quantitative system are: the number of cells seeded, the composition of medium, thenumber of cell population doublings and the ratio of the volume of medium to that of air.

TL;DR: Two sensitive immunological techniques on laboratory animals were used to check the purity of products: guinea-pig sensitization to impurities of egg-origin and immunodiffusion analysis of anti-chicken protein antibodies appearing in rabbit sera hyperimmunized with the tested vaccines.

TL;DR: Five combinatorial pools of 28 antisera to enteroviruses were prepared for virus-typing purposes, composed in such a manner that any of the virus types could be identified by the pattern of neutralization produced by the set of pools.

TL;DR: The comparative study by quantitative precipitation of the one-zone flocculating sera with that of three complex standard sera is presented and can serve to standardize crude and purified tetanus toxoid preparations.

TL;DR: It was concluded that a reduction in the number of rabbits required for the potency testing of this type of vaccine is undesirable and there were no significant differences between the serological response of male and female rabbits or in the susceptibility of Swiss White, C 57 black and C3H strains of mice to any of the five toxins tested.

TL;DR: Potency value as determined by the active mouse-protection test of the freeze-dried Hungarian Standard Pertussis Vaccine (HSPV) has not decreased over this period, and it appears from studies that the potency value can be affected substantially by the virulence of the challenge strain, but also by the mouse strain used.

TL;DR: Thirteen laboratories in nine countries performed comparative assays of the proposed standards together with four immune sera from fowls, and established the standards as the International Standard for Anti- Salmonella pullorum Serum and the International standard for anti-Salmonella pulledorum serum.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate a uniform quality of the vaccines over a period of 712years and compliance with requirements formulated by other authors and recently accepted in principle by the European Pharmacopoeia.

TL;DR: Following the large-scale production and biological standardization of cardiolipin antigens a National Standard for syphilitic serum as well as some working standards have been prepared and a simple calculating method has been developed to facilitate the use of the International Unit.

TL;DR: The degree of skin sensitization elicited by one of the strains was significantly lower than that of the other two strains, and it is recommended that in order to produce a reasonably standardized vaccine only those strains exhibiting a similar degree of allergenicity should be used.