Showing papers in "Journal of Comparative Economics in 1994"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the common features of these recessions, using the Hungarian economy as an example, and conclude that the most important factor here is the dwindling propensity to invest.

TL;DR: One third of the world population currently seems to be moving away from centrally-planned socialism towards some form of a market economy as mentioned in this paper, and it appears that there are essentially two different models of transformation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used a rigorous, inference-based procedure to demonstrate that inequality among the counties in an east coast province registered statistically significant increases between 1984 and 1989, and that the changing patterns of inequality were closely associated with the changes in the structure of the rural economy.

TL;DR: In this article, a township-village enterprise (TVE) is owned by local citizens and controlled by the TVG, and the residual benefits are shared among citizens and TVG officials.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed two new data sets: one on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and another on town and village enterprises (IVEs) and found zero TFP growth in SOEs and positive TF growth in COEs.

TL;DR: The three reasons for gradualism, agricultural reform should precede industrial reforms, state-owned enterprises can be reformed, and economic liberalization should precedes political liberalization, are not generalizable.

TL;DR: The state-owned sector has also performed adequately, improving incentives and productivity, and turning in a respectable growth performance, and moderate improvements in the state sector have thus supported a virtuous cycle of reform as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors take an overview of four years of systemic change in the whole of Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union and ask what the 10 main lessons are and see a sharp dividing line between failure and success, primarily distinguished by whether inflation has been brought under control.

TL;DR: From the start of its liberalizing reforms after 1978, China's price level remained remarkably stable compared to the more recent experiences of liberalizing economies in Eastern Europe as mentioned in this paper, which is puzzling because Chinese public finances deteriorated with falling government revenues and heavy borrowing from the state banking system.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide the first documented estimates of the terms-of-trade impact on all 15 countries of the former Soviet Union of shifting to international prices in their trade.

TL;DR: Vietnam's macroeconomic performance during the transition to a market economy has been very strong, better than those of most economies in Eastern Europe and of the former Soviet Union as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors argue that economic events of the past two years have been dominated by the unraveling of distortions that characterized the prereform economy, not Keynesian recession and recovery, and that this adjustment has been brought on by these macroeconomic reforms.

TL;DR: In this article, a control model, containing a multi-attribute utility function, is used to quantify the relative importance of leaders' various objectives in a village-level data set.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a survey of the state of the art in the field of computer science and apply it to the computer science field of biology. Comp. Econom., June 1994, 18 (3), pp. 000-000.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an unconventional theoretical analysis of the failure of shock therapy in reforming the Russian economy and present some key elements of a coherent and comprehensive policy-led transformation design and implementation needed to put the transitional process on the right track.

TL;DR: A discussion of the lessons of the experience of the first four years of the East European transformation is given in this article, where the situation of the state-owned enterprises, the decline in the effective labor supply and in investment, land reform, the banking system, the theoretical significance of the ending of shortages, the contraindications for price liberalization, the social costs of transformation, the conflict between liberalism and democracy, and the relationship between European transformation and Asian reform.

TL;DR: The authors analyzes the banking systems of the former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland in a comparative perspective with the aim of determining whether bank behavior has changed as a reaction to banking reform and the new market environment.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared technical and allocative efficiency among state, urban collective, township-village, and joint venture enterprises in the garment industry in China and found that state and urban collective enterprises are much less efficient, both technically and allocatively, than cooperative township-Village enterprise and joint ventures.

TL;DR: The main force behind macroeconomic reform has been rapid growth in the newly legalized private sector, which has arbitraged price controls and developed mechanisms to circumvent central and local government regulations as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: The reform theory of the early 1990s could not cope with the adjustment mechanisms put into place by dismantling the planning system and overcoming the consequent macroeconomic imbalances will require a degree of state intervention which most reformers neither contemplate nor comprehend as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the growth of agricultural production efficiency in nine centrally planned economics over two time periods, 1965-1977 and 1978-1989, and find that the second time period was one of agricultural policy reform for most of the nine countries.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the impact of direct taxes and cash social transfers on income distribution in Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland and Yugoslavia in the years before the collapse of communism.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine how alternative firm objectives affect incentives for investment in cost-reducing restructuring (ICR) and static welfare (SW) levels in a mixed oligopoly in which a public firm competes with private rivals.

TL;DR: In the Russian view, the Communist Party and former organs of the state are obstacles to economic reform, and therefore a thorough political reform was carried out first as discussed by the authors, and, therefore, a thorough economic reform was performed first.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-way dependency between state fixed investment and the magnitude of inflationary pressure was shown to be a function of the degree of tautness in the economy's supply capacity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider how the profitability of private firms is affected by the size of the state-owned sector and show that a decrease in the number of state owned firms may reduce total industrial output in the short run but encourage the entry of new private firms into the industry in the longer run and lead to an increase in total output.