Showing papers in "Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme in 1988"
TL;DR: In this article, the caracteristiques contrainte-deformation sont mesurees for chaque tube, dans les directions axiale et circonferentielle, and the charge de ruine est determinee et comparee a la valeur calculee.
Abstract: Les experiences sont realisees sur des tubes en acier X-42 et X-65, de geometrie imparfaite c'est-a-dire presentant un ecart par rapport au cylindre parfait. Les tubes sont soumis a des pressions externes. Les caracteristiques contrainte-deformation sont mesurees pour chaque tube, dans les directions axiale et circonferentielle. La charge de ruine est determinee et comparee a la valeur calculee. La difference la plus importante observee entre les valeurs calculees et mesurees est de l'ordre de 8%
53 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the earthquake is considered as a partially correlated stationary random process characterized by a power spectral density function (PSDF), and the cross-spectral density function between two random inputs along the length of the pipe is defined with the help of the local earthquake PSDF, which is the same for all points, and a frequency-dependent, exponentially decaying function (with distance).
Abstract: Submarine pipelines are many a time buried into a jet-blasted channel in the seabed. Seismic response of such buried pipelines are investigated in this paper. The earthquake is considered as a partially correlated stationary random proceeds characterized by a power spectral density function (PSDF). The cross-spectral density function between two random inputs along the length of the pipe is defined with the help of the local earthquake PSDF, which is the same for all points, and a frequency-dependent, exponentially decaying function (with distance). A lumped-mass model with 2-D beam elements is used to write the equation of motion. Soil resistance to dynamic excitation along the pipe length is obtained in an approximate manner with the help of frequency-independent impedance functions derived from half-space analysis and Mindlin's static stresses within the soil due to point loads. The responses are obtained by a spectral analysis for horizontal ground motions in two principal directions, which are assumed to coincide with pipe axis and the perpendicular to it. Using the proposed method of analysis, a parametric study is conducted. The results of the study help in understanding the behavior of buried submarine pipelines under seismic forces and its differences from that of the buriedmore » pipelines on land.« less
22 citations
TL;DR: Modelisation de l'endommagement de la permeabilite de roches poreuses, du aux mouvements de particules solides and a leurs blocages dans les pores of la roche..
Abstract: Modelisation de l'endommagement de la permeabilite de roches poreuses, du aux mouvements de particules solides et a leurs blocages dans les pores de la roche. Le modele est base sur les principes de la filtration en lit profond et de la cinetique des reactions chimiques. La validite est determinee a partir de deux etudes en laboratoire. Dans la premiere, le fluide de completion contenant de la boue de forage est pompee a travers une roche synthetique; dans la seconde des saumures ne contenant pas de particules solides sont pompees a travers des gres non consolides provenant des champs de gaz de la mer Adriatique
19 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a modele de fatigue determinant les cycles a la rupture dans des câbles soumis a une traction axiale fluctuante is described.
Abstract: Description du modele de fatigue determinant les cycles a la rupture dans des câbles soumis a une traction axiale fluctuante. Le modele est base sur la consideration des contraintes de contact
11 citations
TL;DR: The Gladys McCall prospect lies at the western edge of the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge about 88 km (55 mi) southeast of Lake Charles in Cameron Parish, Louisiana The test well is 4825 m (15,831 ft) deep and was drilled in 1981 under the US Department of Energy geopressured-geothermal research program as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The Gladys McCall prospect lies at the western edge of the Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge about 88 km (55 mi) southeast of Lake Charles in Cameron Parish, Louisiana The test well is 4825 m (15,831 ft) deep and was drilled in 1981 under the US Department of Energy geopressured-geothermal research program The well was shut in at the end of October 1987 after it had produced over 27 million barrels of brine and 676 MMscf gas, without any significant pressure decline The stratigraphic section seen in this test well consists of alternating sandstones and shales with about 350 m (1150 ft) of net sand between 4393 m (14,412 ft) and 4974 m (16,320 ft) The producing reservoir is bounded on the north and south by faults The east-west dimension is poorly defined due to lack of deep well control Eleven prospective production zones have been identified The pressure maintenance and the continuous high brine yield from the reservoir may be due to laterally overlapping and connected sandstones, communication between overlying and/or underlying reservoirs, growth faults acting as passageways for brine, shale dewatering, or possible communication of zones behind the casing
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a simple methode de calculs de la limite d'inflammabilite dans l'air de melanges de combustibles gazeux (hydrogene, monoxyde de carbon, ethylene, propane) avec des diluants (azote, dioxyde de carbone, helium) is elaborated.
Abstract: Elaboration d'une simple methode de calculs de la limite d'inflammabilite dans l'air de melanges de combustibles gazeux (hydrogene, monoxyde de carbon, ethylene, propane) avec des diluants (azote, dioxyde de carbone, helium)
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review world experience, the research, economics, design and safety considerations for hydrogen gas pipelines, as well as the engineering, design, and construction methods which were considered necessary by Novacorp International Consulting Inc. for successful completion of the project.
Abstract: Design of cross-country hydrogen pipelines is still uncommon. No industry-accepted codes and standards have been developed to guide the engineering and design of such facilities. A hydrogen pipeline was required to connect a hydrogen purification plant to an anhydrous ammonia production facility. Since no pipeline standards were available, special considerations were required during the design and engineering stages. The small molecular size and reactivity of hydrogen presented unique problems. So do the hydrogen embrittlement/attack/delayed failure phenomena, inverse Joule-Thompson effects and special concerns for commissioning, operation and maintenance. This paper will review world experience, the research, economics, design and safety considerations for hydrogen gas pipelines, as well as the engineering, design and construction methods which were considered necessary by Novacorp International Consulting Inc. for successful completion of the project.
9 citations
TL;DR: The physical constraints imposed by the ocean as a propagation medium, by the seafloor as a backscattering boundary, and by the measuring instruments are briefly reviewed in this article.
Abstract: Because the average ocean depth is four kilometers, seafloor investigations are mostly remote sensing operations. The primary means to determine the morphology, the structure, and the texture of the seafloor are acoustic. This paper considers the current seafloor remote sensing approaches involving acoustic backscattering. The physical constraints imposed by the ocean as a propagation medium, by the seafloor as a backscattering boundary, and by the measuring instruments are briefly reviewed. The sonar systems currently used by the oceanographic community for deep seafloor acoustic backscattering measurements deal with these constraints differently, depending on their specific application and on whether they are towed behind a ship or mounted on her hull. Towed sidescan systems such as Gloria II (U.K.), the Sea Mapping and Remote Characterization (Sea MARC) I and II, the Deep Tow system of the Marine Physical Laboratory (MPL), and hull-mounted systems, such as Swathmap all give a qualitative measure of backscattering by converting echo amplitudes to gray levels to produce a sidescan image of the seafloor. A new approach is presented which uses a Sea Beam multibeam echo-sounder to produce similar acoustic images. Quantitative measurements of backscattering have been attempted in recent experiments using the Deep Tow system and Sea Beam. Such measurements provide some insight into the geological processes responsible for the acoustic backscatter, with useful applications for geologists as well as designers and operators of bottom-interacting sonars.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a new method was developed to analyze transient gas-liquid two-phase flow in natural gas pipelines, which utilizes the two velocity mixture model to derive the basic equations.
Abstract: A new method is developed to analyze transient gas-liquid two-phase flow in natural gas pipelines. This method utilizes the two velocity mixture model to derive the basic equations. Also, a new model, which expresses phase conditions for multicomponent natural gas-condensate system, is presented to derive mass conservation equations for each hypothetical component. Transient air-water two-phase flow experiments were conducted using a test pipeline 105.3 mm in diameter and 1436.5 m long. Experimental conditions include, increasing or decreasing air flow rate with constant water flow rate, and transition from single-phase air flow to air-water two-phase flow. Experimental data were compared with calculated results, and the agreement was very good. Furthermore, calculated results agreed very well with a published field data.
8 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, stress concentration factors in a T and a K-T tubular joint were determined using the finite element method (FEM) for basic load cases (axial load or bending moment) in one of the braces or in the chord.
Abstract: Stress concentration factors (SCFs) in a T and a K-T tubular joint have been determined using the finite element method (FEM). The SCFs are determined for basic load cases (axial load or bending moment) in one of the braces or in the chord. The results of the FEM are compared with available experimental data and with parametric formulas. The T-joint results for brace loadings agree reasonably with the parametric formulas. The K-T joint results for in-plane bending agree reasonable with the parametric formulas.
TL;DR: In this paper, a conceptual model of the Gladys McCall reservoir was developed based on the cross-flow from sands overlying/underlying Sand Zone No. 8 for the observed pressure maintenance.
Abstract: The Gladys McCall geopressured reservoir consists of an interbedded sequence of relatively thick sands and thin shales. The lateral extent of the reservoir is not well defined, Gladys McCall Well No. 1 produced approximately 4.0 X 10/sup 6/ m/sup 3/ (25 X 10/sup 6/ barrels) of brine from Sand Zone No. 8 from October 7, 1983 through May 1987. Analysis of the flow data from the well has led to the development of a conceptual model of the reservoir, which depends on the cross-flow from sands overlying/underlying Sand Zone No. 8 for the observed pressure maintenance. The fluid source is remote from the well in the sense that the fluid from the neighboring sands must flow a long distance to find a vertical pathway around the intervening shale stringers in order to recharge Sand Zone No. 8. A reservoir simulation model based on the conceptual model provides an excellent match to the detailed downhole pressure buildup measurements made during the original Reservoir Limits Test and two subsequent short-term buildup tests. The model has also been employed to match the production history of the Gladys McCall No. 1 well and to predict future reservoir response. Nevertheless, the reservoir model employed ismore » not unique and alternate models for pressure maintenance are also being investigated.« less
TL;DR: Recherche d'un systeme integrant les diverses approches de la conception des installations energetiques (notamment les centrales thermiques et combinees): analyse thermodynamique basee sur le 2eme principe de la thermodynamicique, synthese, optimisation thermoeconomique.
Abstract: Recherche d'un systeme integrant les diverses approches de la conception des installations energetiques (notamment les centrales thermiques et combinees): analyse thermodynamique basee sur le 2eme principe de la thermodynamique, synthese, optimisation thermoeconomique
TL;DR: Augmentation de la limite d'extinction des flammes de methane par addition de petites quantites de methane, d'ethylene, de propane, and d'hydrogene a un ecoulement d'air devant la chambre de combustion.
Abstract: Augmentation de la limite d'extinction des flammes de methane par addition de petites quantites de methane, d'ethylene, de propane, d'hydrogene a un ecoulement d'air devant la chambre de combustion. Prediction de cette amelioration a partir d'un modele theorique
TL;DR: In this article, le laboratoire, mis en service le 23/7/1987 a l'Universite de la Nouvelle Orleans, comprend un bassin de 38,3 × 4,6 × 2,4 m, un simulateur de courant et de vagues.
Abstract: Le laboratoire, mis en service le 23/7/1987 a l'Universite de la Nouvelle Orleans, comprend un bassin de 38,3 × 4,6 × 2,4 m, un simulateur de courant et de vagues. Il permet de poursuivre la recherche sur le comportement des bateaux en eaux profondes calmes ou agitees, en eaux peu profondes calmes, agitees ou en presence de courant et de tester les structures en mer en vue de leur amarrage
TL;DR: In this article, a bituminous coal from Illinois (Colchester No. 2) in acid slurry was electrolyzed anodically at 1.2-1.3 V versus SCE (saturated calomel electrode) and 65-75/sup 0/C.
Abstract: A bituminous coal from Illinois (Colchester No. 2) in acid slurry was electrolyzed anodically at 1.2-1.3 V versus SCE (saturated calomel electrode) and 65-75/sup 0/C. Hydrogen gas was observed to evolve at the cathode with almost 100 percent Faradaic current efficiencies, while simultaneous desulfurization of coal was noted in the anode compartment. In order to enhance sulfur removal, the cations of Ce (IV) and Fe (III) were added to coal slurries. Up to 80 percent reduction in sulfur content of the coal was observed.
TL;DR: Etude de l'aptitude de cinq cultures microbiennes a epurer les boues de forage a base d'huile and les dechets d'exploitation de puits de petrole situes au large des cotes de la Louisiane (Etats-Unis) as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Etude de l'aptitude de cinq cultures microbiennes a epurer les boues de forage a base d'huile et les dechets d'exploitation de puits de petrole situes au large des cotes de la Louisiane (Etats-Unis). Deux cultures, l'une provenant des eaux usees domestiques et l'autre d'un traitement des dechets de raffinerie, donnent de bons resultats
TL;DR: In this paper, a nouvelle methode for pipelines subaquatiques is proposed, which consiste a utiliser deux pipelines coaxiaux for le transport des produits petroliers d'une plateforme en mer au terminal ou aux raffineries sur terre.
Abstract: L'isolation thermique des pipelines subaquatiques est realisee par une nouvelle methode qui consiste a utiliser deux pipelines coaxiaux pour le transport des produits petroliers d'une plateforme en mer au terminal ou aux raffineries sur terre. La conception et la mise en œuvre de cette nouvelle methode est developpee. Plusieurs applications sont presentees: transport des fuel-oils lourds d'une plateforme de la Mer Adriatique a Ravenne (Italie), connection d'une plateforme de production a la plateforme principale grâce a un pipeline subaquatique de 7800 m de long, utilisation de deux pipelines pour transporter le petrole brut d'une plate-forme de production a une installation de stockage amarree en un seul point
TL;DR: Mesure des proprietes mecaniques d'echantillons de schiste et de gres preleves dans le reservoir d'un puits geothermique geopressurise, par des essais de compaction triaxiale a des pressions similaires.
Abstract: Mesure des proprietes mecaniques d'echantillons de schiste et de gres preleves dans le reservoir d'un puits geothermique geopressurise, par des essais de compaction triaxiale a des pressions similaires
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present model predictions of time histories of the temperature and humidity ratio within a hyperbaric chamber under conditions of compression and decompression, with and without vortex tube-assisted environmental control.
Abstract: Model predictions of time histories of the temperature and humidity ratio within a hyperbaric chamber under conditions of compression and decompression are presented with and without vortex tube-assisted environmental control. The effects of ventilation and ascent and descent rates on the environment within the chamber and the power required by the environment control system, with and without vortex tube assist, are also presented. Results demonstrate that the vortex tube assist system is an effective means of more precisely controlling the environment within hyperbaric chambers with substantial savings in power. The model used incorporates a complete description of the pyschrometric properties of the humid gas mixture within the chamber, plus the sensible and latent heat loads produced by the occupants and wet porch.
TL;DR: Application d'un modele stochastique ameliore de dispersion turbulente de particules and de rupture tourbillonnaire for des gaz de combustion.
Abstract: Application d'un modele stochastique ameliore de dispersion turbulente de particules et d'un modele de rupture tourbillonnaire pour des gaz de combustion. Bon accord entre les predictions et les resultats experimentaux
TL;DR: Caracteristique de fonctionnement d'un debitmetre de gaz a ecoulement massique critique et domaine de validite des mesures lorsque l'ecoulement presente un etranglement apres le debitmetres as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Caracteristique de fonctionnement d'un debitmetre de gaz a ecoulement massique critique et domaine de validite des mesures lorsque l'ecoulement presente un etranglement apres le debitmetre. Methode de mesure a utiliser pour eviter les erreurs
TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the methods currently available for submarine pipeline repairs, and some future developments in the field of submarine pipeline repair are briefly outlined, and the emergency pipeline repair services available are described.
Abstract: The failures of submarine pipelines in the North Sea, and the response of pipeline operators are first discussed. Against this background, the methods currently available for submarine pipeline repairs are reviewed. The Emergency Pipeline Repair Services available are described, and some future developments in the field of submarine pipeline repair are briefly outlined.
TL;DR: In this paper, five different methods of pore size calculation have been compared on a rig fabricated in line with ASTM-F316 standard and results of careful measurements are reported, indicating that the values obtained by some methods are in close agreement with specification.
Abstract: The pore size characteristics are widely used in specifying and comparing filter media. Several methods of calculation have been prepared by researchers and some of these have formed the basis of well-known standards. In this paper five different methods of calculation have been compared. The experimental work has been performed on a rig fabricated in line with ASTM-F316 standard and results of careful measurements are reported. The results indicate that the values obtained by some methods are in close agreement with specification. The electron micrograph of filters revealed the random distribution of pore sizes and shapes leaving the use of some theories to question. The practicality and limitations of different methods have been discussed.
TL;DR: In this paper, a dual fuel coal-water fuel/oil burner was developed for demonstration in a 20MW industrial utility boiler and a single-burner commercial operation in an oil-designed package steam boiler.
Abstract: The Canadian program of coal-water fuel (CWF) technology development has included the demonstration of commercial burners for CWF in both coal and oil-designed utility boilers. The demonstrations clearly showed that these burners were prototypes, and were, in fact, modified oil burners that were mismatched to the rheological properties of the CWF. As the demonstrations were proceeding, a simultaneous research program was undertaken in which the basic principles governing atomization and combustion of CWF were studied. Results from the fundamental studies which led to the development of a novel prototype dual fuel CWF/oil burner are described. In the various stages of development, the burner was scaled up from 1.5 MW{sub th} to an industrial scale of 16 MS{sub th} for demonstration in a 20-MW{sub (e)} oil-designed industrial utility boiler and for a single-burner commercial operation in an oil designed package steam boiler. A summary of the burner performance in these demonstrations is also given in this paper.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a set of formulas for T and Y-joints, which gives not only the magnitude of maximum SCF as in the presently available formulas, but also the variation of SCF around intersection.
Abstract: Many of the offshore structures used for oil exploration and exploitation are built of tubular members. The repeated damages in tubular joints have clearly shown that the safety of these structures depends on the safe fatigue design of the joints. The fatigue life of the joint depends very much on the Stress Concentration Factor, SCF. The current practice is to use semi-empirical formulas proposed by various investigators to determine SCF. While some of the formulas give the maximum SCF, others give the SCFs at both the crown and saddle points. The design of fatigue life using the value of maximum SCF is conservative, while using SCFs at crown and saddle is unsafe. The main aim of this paper is to propose a set of formulas for T and Y-joints, which gives not only the magnitude of maximum SCF as in the presently available formulas, but also the variation of SCF around intersection.
TL;DR: Etude experimentale de la deformation d'un assemblage filete n'ayant qu'une spire de filetage, lorsqu'il est soumis a une force de traction as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Etude experimentale de la deformation d'un assemblage filete n'ayant qu'une spire de filetage, lorsqu'il est soumis a une force de traction Etude theorique par la methode des elements finis en introduisant une fonction penalite comme condition de contact Extension de l'etude a un assemblage filete couramment utilise dans les puits de production de gaz ou de petrole