Showing papers in "Journal of Environmental Radioactivity in 1997"

TL;DR: In this paper, a dated coral record from the French Frigate Shoals in the central North Pacific indicates that there are two major sources of Pu in this basin: close-in (tropospheric) fallout from nuclear weapons testing at the Pacific Proving Grounds in the Marshall Islands in the 1950s and global (stratospheric), which peaked in 1962.

TL;DR: In this article, the collective doses resulting from seafood consumption are calculated for each FAO area using radioactivity data for water and biota, with good agreement between the results calculated by these two methods, with the exception of the doses from 210Po via shellfish consumption.

TL;DR: In this article, the vertical distribution profiles of 137C and 90Sr in undisturbed soils at various locations and in various soil types were used to calculate the vertical migration rates of the two radionuclides.

TL;DR: A simple radiochemical procedure has been developed to separate lead and polonium simultaneously from different environmental and biological materials after adding 208Po tracer and lead carrier samples are decomposed using mineral acids.

TL;DR: In this paper, the mean activity ratio of 239,240 Pu 137 Cs in soil was 0.0224, which is very similar to the estimated value (0.0211) commonly attributed to the atmospheric nuclear test.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated the effective migration velocities of137Cs and 90Sr in typical soils of the Khoiniki district, Gomel region, Belarus, and obtained results on vertical migration of the radionuclides as a function of the soil type.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors calculate and present dose-rate conversion factor (DCF) values for 99 radionuclides that can be used in a generic sense to estimate the dose to a wide variety of plants and animals.

TL;DR: In this article, a halving time of 350 years for the loss of 239,240Pu activity from the sediment by dissolution was determined and a similar treatment of 137Cs data yielded an annual loss of 86 TBq in solution and a halve time of 23 years.

TL;DR: The level of 137Cs and 90Sr transfer to four grain crops and the change in transfer with time have been studied on two soils contaminated with fragments of nuclear fuel released during the Chernobyl accident as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the solid to liquid distribution coefficient, Kd, for iodine (125I) in Canadian Shield lake sediments and the loss rate of 125I from water to sediment for more accurate computer model predictions of the fate of 129I released from an underground disposal vault.

TL;DR: In this article, the vertical profiles of fall-out 210 Pb, 137 Cs (both weapons test and Chernobyl) and 241 Am (a decay product of 241 Pu) have been measured in the soils of three catchments in Cumbria, UK.

TL;DR: In this paper, two sampling campaigns were performed in 1993 at the Odiel marsh area (Odiel marsh) located in southwestern Spain, in the city of Huelva.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the effect of ion exchange laws on radiocaesium uptake in spinach (spinacia oleracea L, cv. Subito) in a solution culture experiment.

TL;DR: In this paper, the radon-222 content of water especially is of interest considering aspects of radiation protection or techniques to investigate hydrologie characteristics of aquifers using radon222 as a natural tracer.

TL;DR: In this article, the uptake, loss, conversion and translocation of tritium in wheat plants were determined following a unique short-time exposure to atmospheric Tritium under laboratory conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, two approaches are presented to estimate mycelium location of fungi in a coniferous forest in Bavaria, Germany, using soil and mushroom samples from the same soil horizon and year.

TL;DR: In this paper, soil gas and indoor radon concentrations have been measured around Jari in Parvati Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India, to study their relationship with the local geology.

TL;DR: Gamma-ray spectroscopic techniques were used to determine uranium, thorium and potassium contents in coal and fly ash samples originated from the southwestern part of Turkey, where an emergency case (because of levels above the alarm set-point in the atmosphere) was announced in February 1993 as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, an extensive study of the presence of natural radionuclides in a marshland area located in the vicinity of a phosphoric acid production complex in southwestern Spain is presented.

TL;DR: A database on natural and arttficial radioactivity in drinking water was produced in this paper, which revealed that 54% of the waters sampled contain a total alpha radioactivity of less than 0.185 Bql-t and only 12% above 0.37 Bq 1-t.

TL;DR: In this paper, a quantitative analysis of the dynamics of 137C bioavailability in soils contaminated following the Chernobyl NPP accident, based on a 6-year (1987-1992) observation period, and a dynamic model describing the behaviour of radiocaesium in meadow ecosystems are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, a combination of direct gamma spectrometers, radiochemical separation and α-spectrometry, and β-counting was used to measure α-, β- and γ-radioactivity.

TL;DR: In this paper, radio tracers are described in terms of kinetic transfer coefficients instead of Kds and the model simultaneously solves the hydrodynamic equations, the suspended matter equation and the equations which describe the time evolution of radionuclide concentrations in each one of the four phases.

TL;DR: Aerosol samples were taken in Lithuania and in a highly contaminated region in Russia following a forest burning experiment as well as in the middle troposphere (at altitudes of up to 6 km). Physical and chemical properties and sizes of 134,137 Cs, 90 Sr, 7 Be, 32 P, 33 P, 35 S, stable S and P carriers and their changes in the atmosphere were investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, a double exponential decay model was used to predict the ingestion dose following tritium release in cabbage, lettuce, and soil, and showed that the last 5% of the applied HTO would appear to be complete within 48 h. This represents a considerable increase over the 6h loss period predicted by the current STAR-H3 model.

TL;DR: In this paper, a high-purity germanium gamma-ray spectrometer was used to determine the 133Xe activity of a commercial air-reduction plant in Allentown, Pennsylvania.

TL;DR: In this paper, the radionuclide concentrations (238U,232Th) in building materials by means of gamma-spectrometry were measured using a particular instrument, called an "emanometer".

TL;DR: The maximum concentration of 99 Tc in the Techa River at Nadirov Bridge was found at a depth of 14-18 cm as discussed by the authors, and the mean ratio between the two levels was 0.41 × 10 −3.

TL;DR: In this article, the RABES model was used to explain the vertical migration of 137Cs in soil, in three different areas in the Northeastern region of Italy, and the soil-to-plant transfer factor has been calculated as a function of the elapsed time since the radionuclide deposition.