Showing papers in "Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants in 2017"
TL;DR: Essential oils, as sources of natural products, represent an alternative to synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical industry, alternative medicine, and natural the....
Abstract: Essential oils, as sources of natural products, represent an alternative to synthetic antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food and pharmaceutical industry, alternative medicine and natural the...
44 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the essential oils and volatiles from the aerial parts of Salvia leriifolia obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) approaches were analyzed using the GC and GC-MS instrumentations.
Abstract: The essential oils and volatiles from the aerial parts of Salvia leriifolia obtained by hydrodistillation (HD), solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME) and headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) approaches were analyzed using the GC and GC-MS instrumentations. Using the HD, SFME and HS-SPME methods, we were able to recognize thirty five, twenty seven and thirty seven components covering 95.30%, 98.35% and 93.32% of the oil compositions and volatile fractions, respectively. In the oil obtained by the HD method, β-pinene (13.88%), 1,8-cineole (13.74%), α-pinene (10.40%), α-cadinol (10.00%) and αbisabolol (7.35%) were the most abundant components whereas in the oil separated by the SFME approach, 1,8-cineole (24.13%), α-pinene (18.08%), β-pinene (11.91%), borneol (6.27%), α-cadinol (5.57%) and δcadinene (5.08%) were the major compounds. Also, in the volatile compounds isolated by the HS-SPME method, β-pinene (13.89%), 1,8-cineole (10.39%), α-pinene (8.74%) and δ-cadinene (8.25%) were the ma...
32 citations
TL;DR: EO’s from the two Monarda species exhibited a similar activity against pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains of fungi and bacteria from human, animal and plant source, and showed a lower minimum inhibitory concentration, i.e. a stronger activity, againstpathogenic microorganisms than beneficial microorganisms.
Abstract: Monarda spp. are promising Lamiaceae due to essential oil (EO) composition and antimicrobial activity. To investigate these properties, Monarda didyma and M. fistulosa were grown for two years in t...
29 citations
TL;DR: It was observed that the genetic differences were highly significant for key agronomic traits such as plant height, tillers/plant, citral content, herbage yield, oil yield and oil yield of Lemongrass.
Abstract: Lemongrass (Cymbopogon flexuosus L.) is an essential oil yielding perennial grass of Poaceae family. Owing to its several industrial and pharmaceutical applications, Lemongrass is gaining global si...
28 citations
TL;DR: To determine the experimental conditions where the maximum yield of essential oil of orange peel is obtained by applying a factorial design, the most relevant extraction process factors studied were the grinding time and the operating time.
Abstract: The food industry is growing significantly every year. Annually, large quantities of fruits and vegetables are grown to meet the population demand. Among them, the orange (Citrus sinensis) producti...
27 citations
TL;DR: Kaempferia galanga, a very important medicinal and aromatic plants of throughout Asia, was identified and named “Jor Lab K-1″ which was propagated through vegetative means using the rhizome as explant and has shown 35 percent superiority over the check variety.
Abstract: Kaempferia galanga is very important medicinal and aromatic plants of throughout Asia. It is used in skin diseases, piles, cough, fever, epilepsy, spleen disorders, wounds, asthma and rheumatism; a...
27 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties of black pepper essential oil and oleoresin and found that the essential oil was more antimicrobial than the other ingredients.
Abstract: This study was conducted to compare between chemical composition, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities of black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) essential oil and oleoresin. The essential oil and oleores...
26 citations
TL;DR: The chemical composition of essential oils hydrodistilled (HD), steam distilled (SD) and supercritical fluid extracted (SCFE) from the leaves of Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica from Pakistan were reported as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The chemical composition of essential oils hydrodistilled (HD), steam distilled (SD) and supercritical fluid extracted (SCFE) from the leaves of Cannabis sativa and Cannabis indica from Pakistan were being reported. Maximum yield of essential oil for both strains was obtained at 110°C, 130°C and 45°C for hydrodistillation, steam distillation and supercritical fluid extraction respectively. Yields of essential oil using SCFE technique were more than HD and SD extraction respectively. The main compounds of C. sativa essential oil were characterized by large amounts of caryophyllene (40.6-50.0%), humulene (9.51-16.0%), trans-α- bergamotene (4.42-6.31%) cis-β-farnesene (8.63-9.01%) and δ-limonene (5.13-8.19%) respectively. The main components of Cannabis indica were caryophyllene (21.1-25.1%), carophyllene oxide (4.13-5.02%), linalool (20.8-22.1%), trans-α-bergamotene (3.23-5.16%) and cis-β-farnesene (2.10-3.68%), menthol (7.20-9.43%), δ- limonene (6.13-7.19%), eucalyptol (9.67-12.10%), and carvone (2...
26 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of two essential oils from flowers and leaves of Achillea millefolium subsp mille folium were examined GC-MS analysis of the essential oils resulted in the identification of sixty and fifty-eight compounds constituting 9696 % and 9871 % of the total essential oil of flower and leave, respectively.
Abstract: The in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the two essential oils from flowers and leaves of Achillea millefolium subsp millefolium were examined GC-MS analysis of the essential oils resulted in the identification of sixty and fifty-eight compounds constituting 9696 % and 9871 % of the total essential oil of flower and leave, respectively The essential oil of flowers were characterized by a high number of monoterpenes such as borneol (1651 %), 1, 8-cineole (980 %), camphor (837 %), β-pinene (531 %) and α- pinene (464 %) Borneol (1232 %), 1,8-cineole (1051 %), β-pinene (933 %) and α-pinene (882 %) were the main monoterpenes of the essential oil of leaves Regarding anti-oxidation, the two investigated essential oils from flowers and leaves strongly reduced the diphenylpicrylhydrazyl radical (IC50 = 091 mg/ml and IC50 = 094 mg/ml), respectively These essential oils showed antimicrobial activity as well against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidise, Escherichi
24 citations
TL;DR: Assessment of the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Artemisia absinthium L. leaves AA EO collected in Brazil against a representative panel of cariogenic bacteria revealed that camphor 1, 19.0 %, E-caryophyllene 2, 9.3 %, eucalyptol 3, 6.8 %, germacrene D 6.7 %, and α-cadinol 6.5 % were the major chemical constituents
Abstract: This study reports on the chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Artemisia absinthium L. leaves AA EO collected in Brazil against a representative panel of cariogenic bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations MICs were determined by the broth dilution method in 96-well microplates. AA EO was inactive against most of the investigated oral pathogens, but it displayed moderate activity against Streptococcus mutans MIC = 250 μg/mL and very promising activity against Streptococcus mitis MIC = 62.5 μg/mL. Gas chromatography GC FID and gas chromatography mass spectrometry GC-MS revealed that camphor 1, 19.0 %, E-caryophyllene 2, 9.3 %, eucalyptol 3, 6.8 %, germacrene D 6.7 %, and α-cadinol 6.5 % were the major chemical constituents of AA EO. However, when tested alone, compounds 1, 2, and 3 were inactive MIC > 1000 μg/mL against all the studied microorganisms.
24 citations
TL;DR: The results of this study suggest that the essential oils of L. angustifolia have an interesting antimicrobial effect and may be a new potential source for a natural antimicrobial applied in pharmaceutical field and to develop a new wound healing product.
Abstract: Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a major public health problem. The emergence and spread of multi-resistant bacteria, associated with the limited number of antibiotics in development have led...
TL;DR: Results of study clearly indicated that the essential oils of S. bachtiarica possessed remarkable larvicidal properties and could serve as an alternative to synthetic insecticides for control of mosquito larvae.
Abstract: Mosquitoes play an important role in transmission of large number of diseases including malaria, filariasis and arboviral diseases. Increasing application of synthetic insecticides may be resulted ...
TL;DR: The effects of different drying methods (shade, sun, oven at 50°C, mid-infrared drying, and freeze drying) on the color, contents of total phenolic (TP) and rosmarinic acid (RA), and the contents of the total polyphenolic acid (RSA) were analyzed in this article.
Abstract: The effects of different drying methods (shade, sun, oven at 50°C, mid-infrared drying at 50°C and freeze drying) on the color, the contents of total phenolic (TP) and rosmarinic acid (RA), and the...
TL;DR: According to high correlation analysis between grain and oil yields, breeding for these two traits can be consistent in Iranian ecotypes of ajowan.
Abstract: To study essential oil content along with some agro-morphological traits of ajowan, eight different ecotypes from North west, center, south and east of Iran, were evaluated. The results of analysis of variance revealed significant difference among investigated ecotypes of ajowan for following characters including plant height, number of branches, number of umbels, number of umbellets in an inflorescence, biological yield and single plant yield at 1% probability level, and for number of secondary branches and oil content at 5% probability level. According to results of mean comparison analysis using Duncan multiple range test at 5% probability level the highest means of biological yield, single plant yield and oil content percentage were related to Shiraz ecotype. According to high correlation analysis between grain and oil yields, breeding for these two traits can be consistent in Iranian ecotypes of ajowan. Oil contents percentage in ecotypes from south and center were more than other parts of Iran.
TL;DR: In this article, an experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different drying methods on the quantity and quality of essential oils of Savory, a genus of Satureja with the Persian name of “Savory” is one of medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae.
Abstract: A genus of Satureja with the Persian name of “Savory” is one of medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of different drying methods on the quantity and quality of essential oils of Savory. The essential oils from shade, IR, hot air and ultrasonic dried samples were isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger apparatus and analysed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results obtained in this study indicated a significant effect of the ultrasound method in reducing the drying time at low temperature to maintain the yields and quality of essential oils of Satureja bachtiarica. By increasing the temperature from 40 to 60°C, the amount of p-Cymene in the hot air, infrared and ultrasonic methods reduced to 8 %, 3 % and 6 %, respectively, and that of γ-Terpinene reduced to 14.5 %, 14.9 % and 12.5 %, respectively. The ultrasonic drying method gives rise to increasing monoterpenes hydrocarbon content of the dry shade treatment from 3...
TL;DR: The galbanum, Ferula gummosa is a native plant of central Asia, was identified as an acaricide plant for the first time and had high toxicity on eggs and adults of two-spotted spider mite.
Abstract: The two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch, one of the major pests of various agricultural plants, causes many problems with agricultural, horticultural and ornamental plants. In recent years, using plant-derived compounds such as essential oils and extracts were attended to their insecticidal and acaricidal properties. The galbanum, Ferula gummosa is a native plant of central Asia, was identified as an acaricide plant for the first time of this study. The composition of the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS. The major components in the oil were β-pinene (50.1%), α- pinene (14.9%) and δ-3-Carene (6.7%). The impact on essential oil of this plant on fumigant toxicity, LT50, oviposition deterrent activity and repellency against T. urticae was studied at different concentrations. The results stated that F. gummosa oil had high toxicity on eggs and adults of two-spotted spider mite (LC50 was 6.98 and 6.52 μL L-1 for eggs and adults, respectively). In addition, all tested concentrations had...
TL;DR: In this article, a pot-based experiment was conducted on the medicinal plant basil following a completely randomized design in the research farm of Iran, where experimental treatments included supplementing the basic plant growth medium, a mixture of three parts soil and one part sand, with zero (control treatment), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % volume ratios of vermicompost and washed and unwashed spent mushroom compost (SMC).
Abstract: A pot-based experiment was conducted on the medicinal plant basil following a completely randomized design in the research farm of the Iran. Experimental treatments included supplementing the basic plant growth medium, a mixture of three parts soil and one part sand, with zero (control treatment), 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % volume ratios of vermicompost and washed and unwashed spent mushroom compost (SMC). Macronutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium and micronutrients such as iron, zinc, manganese and copper have been measured in the shoots of basil grown under above conditions. Essential oil of basil was extracted by Clevenger’s hydro-distillation apparatus and the ingredients of the essential oil have been identified using a gas chromatograph (GC) and a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry instrument (GC-MS). The results of micro and macronutrient contents in the shoot of basil showed the effectiveness of organic fertilizers (vermicompost and SMC) leading to an increase in ...
TL;DR: The essential oil of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) obtained by hydro-distillation (0.65%) was subjected to anti-candidal activity against vaginal and blood isolates of Candida albicans as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The essential oil of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) obtained by hydro-distillation (0.65%) was subjected to anti-candidal activity against vaginal and blood isolates of Candida albicans. Further the clove essential oil was analysed for its chemical components by GC-MS. Clove essential oil rendered the growth of all isolates of C. albicans, while most of isolates were resistant to flucanozole antibiotic. The inhibition of vaginal isolates of C. albicans by clove essential oil was found to be directly proportional to its concentration. Significant reduction in the growth of all isolates of C. albicans was observed at absolute concentration of clove essential oil as compared to the positive control (P≤0.05). The MIC and MFC values (1.25 μl/ml and 2.5 μl/ml respectively) was recorded for all C. albicans isolates except isolate no. 9, which had higher MIC (2.5 μl/ ml) and MFC (5.0 μl/ml) values than other. Clove essential oil also inhibited budding; it ranged from 23.7 to 42.9%. Results revealed that the ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the chemical properties of essential oil extracted from common basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were evaluated using GC-MS analysis and the results showed that SCFEEO exhibited better antibacterial activity against P. multocida whereas HEO displayed effective antifungal action against A. flavusas and showed superior biofilm inhibition and hemolytic activities.
Abstract: Variations in the yield, chemical composition and biological (antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, biofilm inhibition and hemolytic) attributes of hydro-distilled and supercritical fluid extracted essential oil (SCFEEO) from common basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) were appraised. The yield of hydro-distilled essential oil (HEO) (0.82%) significantly (p<0.05) exceeded than the SCFEEO yield (0.45%). Physical parameters such as color, solubility, density and refractive index of the tested oils revealed insignificant variation. GC-MS analysis established linalool (21.80%, 36.06%) and estragole (17.87%, 12.80%) as the major chemical compounds in the SCFEEO and HEO, respectively. The DPPH free radical scavenging capacity and reducing power for the SCFEEO were greater than those of HEO. Meanwhile, SCFEEO exhibited better antibacterial activity against P. multocida whereas HEO displayed effective antifungal action against A. flavusas as well as showed superior biofilm inhibition and hemolytic activities. Th...
TL;DR: The species show a wide variation in the essential oil yield and composition of fresh and dried samples of native tree species in the Atlantic Forest of Parana State, South of Brazil, and essential oil samples of Casearia sylvestris showed only sesquiterpenes.
Abstract: This work aimed to evaluate the essential oil yield and composition of fresh and dried samples of native tree species in the Atlantic Forest of Parana State, South of Brazil. The essential oil extr...
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of drying temperature and air velocity on the essential oil content of mint was studied and the drying test was performed in three air temperatures 40, 50 and 60°C, and two drying air velocity 1 and 2 m/s.
Abstract: The various species of mint are used in different industries such as pharmaceutical, food, cosmetics and health industry. Mentha aquatica L. are important species of mint. Drying process, in order to maintain the quality and quantity of essential oil extraction of the plant, it has an important role in the processing medicinal plants. Dryer tests were conducted in June 2016. In this research, the effect of drying temperature and air velocity on the essential oil content of mint was studied. The drying test was performed in three air temperatures 40, 50 and 60°C, and two drying air velocity 1 and 2 m/s. The essential oils from each organ type were extracted by hydrodistillation and the chemical components were analyzed by GC-MS. The results showed that increasing the drying temperature of 40 to 60°C was caused the loss of compounds such as α-terpinene, piperitone and β-myrcene. In addition with increasing air velocity dryer of 1 to 2 m/s caused increasing the percentage of volatile compounds such a...
TL;DR: In this paper, chemical composition and antioxidant activity as well as the in vitro α-amylase pancreatic lipase and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Eucalyptus globules leaves collected from Sfax (Tunisia).
Abstract: This study was designed to examine chemical composition and antioxidant activity as well as the in vitro α-amylase pancreatic lipase and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Eucalyptus globules leaves collected from Sfax (Tunisia). The main constituents (≥ 7%) identified by GC-MS in the essential oil of E. globulus are 1,8-cineole (48.2%), α-pinene (16.1%), γ-terpinene (8.9%) and p-cymene (8.8%). The IC50 values of essential oil, hexane, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts against α-amylase were 27.29, 27.10, 31.7 and 48.01 μg/ml respectively. However, the IC50 values of essential oil, ethyl acetate and methanolic extracts against pancreatic lipase were 17.85, 20.16 and 29.76 μg/ml respectively, suggesting powerful anti-diabetic and anti-obesity effects. Antioxidant activity (IC50=23 μg/ml) and hypotensive activity (IC50=98 μg/ml) of the methanolic extract were found to be the highest compared to the other extract. Based on these result...
TL;DR: In this article, the performance of Artemisia annua L with supercritical carbon dioxide method has been studied by means of the parameter optimization using response surface methodology, with an effective tool to predict optimal values of extraction parameters, with which the crude oil yield of 11.17% could be achieved at 25 MPa pressure, 50°C, 25 g/minute carbon dioxide flow rate and 2 hours extraction time.
Abstract: In this paper, the extraction of essential oils from Artemisia annua L. with supercritical carbon dioxide method has been studied by means of the parameter optimization using response surface methodology. The extracted oil was then purified with molecular distillation. The results showed that the response surface methodology was an effective tool to predict optimal values of extraction parameters, with which the crude oil yield of 11.17% could be achieved at 25 MPa pressure, 50°C, 25 g/minute carbon dioxide flow rate and 2 hours extraction time. The purification below 120°C could produce high-quality essential oil with the yield of 56.1%. The essential oil was mainly composed of six bioactive terpenes, namely limonene, (1s)-α-pinene, β-pinene, β-farnesene, α-caryophyllene, γ-elemene. It was suggested that A. annua L. was a potential source of antimicrobial/ antioxidant compounds and the combination of supercritical carbon dioxide and molecular distillation was a good process for the isolation of e...
TL;DR: Sitophilus oryzae (L) were subjected to essential oils extracted from Mentha piperita L, Rosmarinus officinalis L and Hyssopus officinalises L as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Sitophilus oryzae (L) were subjected to essential oils extracted from Mentha piperita L, Rosmarinus officinalis L and Hyssopus officinalis L. Chemical structure, repellency, fumigant toxicity and f...
TL;DR: Genotype and water supply can affect the dry matter, the essential oil content and yield of oregano, and the impact of water availability to the produced dry matter and essential oil yield and the interaction with the genotypes is shown.
Abstract: Origanum vulgare subsp. hirtum, known as Greek oregano, has an excellent quality and good adaptability to scarcity of water, growing in several habitats of Greece and its genetic variability could ...
TL;DR: In traditional medicine, Schinus molle was used in treating a variety of wounds and infections due to its antibacterial and antiseptic properties as mentioned in this paper, based on this, the chemical constituents, antimicr...
Abstract: In traditional medicine, Schinus molle was used in treating a variety of wounds and infections due to its antibacterial and antiseptic properties. Based on this, the chemical constituents, antimicr...
TL;DR: The fall armyworm causes damage at several stages of the maize crop and due to increasing resistance to synthetic insecticides the use of other techniques for its control has been growing.
Abstract: The fall armyworm causes damage at several stages of the maize crop. Due to increasing resistance to synthetic insecticides the use of other techniques for its control has been growing. The aim of ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the essential oils of dill are used in various food processing industries, pharmaceutical and health, and the authors proposed a method to extract essential oils from dill.
Abstract: Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) from parsley family (Apiaceous) is an annual plant. Essential oils of dill are used in various food processing industries, pharmaceutical and health. In this study the ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the essential oils from the fresh and shade dried leaves were analysed by GC and GC-MS and twenty nine compounds were identified in the fresh material while forty two compounds were present in the dried sample accounting for 93.5 % and 95.7 % of the oil respectively.
Abstract: Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng, Indian curry leaf plant is widely used in households for imparting a characteristic flavour to Indian dishes. The plant is reported to have significant medicinal value. The essential oil and dried leaves are exported to several countries due to its importance for culinary and medicinal value. Keeping in view, the chemical diversity of the plant, the essential oils from the fresh and shade dried leaves were analysed by GC and GC-MS. Twenty nine compounds were identified in the oil from the fresh material while forty two compounds were present in the dried sample accounting for 93.5 % and 95.7 % of the oil respectively. The main compounds from the fresh sample were trans-caryophyllene (26.7 %), α-pinene (10.7 %), terpinen-4-ol (8.5 %), sabinene (9.9 %), α-humulene (6.6 %) and β-elemene (5.6 %). The shade dried material showed the presence of α-pinene (34.4 %), trans-caryophyllene (11.4 %), sabinene (11.5 %) and terpinen-4-ol (5.3 %). The percentage of α-pinene in shade ...
TL;DR: Step-wise regression analysis showed that maximum, minimum and average temperatures as well as day length designated as the important environmental factors to explain variations of fresh and dry leaves essential oil contents.
Abstract: Changes in temperatures, relative humidity and day length play an important role in the variation of essential oils contents and its compositions in medicinal and aromatic plants. In order to inves...