Showing papers in "Journal of Hydrology in 1992"

TL;DR: The Xinanjiang model as discussed by the authors is a rainfall-runoff, distributed, basin model for use in humid and semi-humid regions, where evapotranspiration component is represented by a model of three soil layers.

TL;DR: A neural network is developed to forecast rainfall intensity fields in space and time using a three-layer learning network with input, hidden, and output layers and is shown to perform well when a relatively large number of hidden nodes are utilized.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the factors influencing infiltration and runoff was carried out using data obtained under simulated rainfall conditions on 87 plots in arid and semi-arid areas of West Africa, arranged in a hierarchical sequence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a new method for drainage network delineation which incorporates an alternative method for direction assignment over a digital elevation model (DEM) to produce realistic directions, and performs well on two complex DEMs.

TL;DR: In this article, stable isotope (18 O and 2 H) and geochemical signatures are used to gain some insight into recharge processes and groundwater salinization mechanisms in a semi-arid rangeland catchment.

TL;DR: In this article, an idealized fracture consisting of two parallel plates propped open by isolated asperities is considered, and boundary element calculations, analogue electrical conductivity measurements and an effective medium approximation are used to study the permeability of fractures with circular, elliptical and irregular asperity shapes.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a method for simultaneous model parameter estimation and source characterization in a coupled groundwater flow and contaminant transport simulation model using a non-linear maximum likelihood estimation.

TL;DR: In comparison between radar and gauge measurements of rainfall, part of the scatter in the results has been attributed to the differences between the sample volumes (representativeness errors) as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors defined macropores as channeling pores of different radii in which the flux density (with unit hydraulic gradient) occurring in the minimum sizes of such pores is greater than or equal to the saturated matrix hydraulic conductivity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used the Van Genuchten equation with the Burdine condition m = 1 − 2 n and the Brooks and Corey equation for K(θ) for all soil types, even when applied to the two extreme cases used by Talsma and Parlange.

TL;DR: In this paper, regional flood frequency curves in a number of semi-arid and arid areas have been assembled to illustrate their extreme slope and skewness, and the mutual similarity of these curves.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a water balance model to examine the factors controlling the effects of climate change on catchments in the UK and found that changes in monthly runoff are controlled by catchment geology and the current summer balance between rainfall and potential evapotranspiration, with the greatest sensitivity in the driest catchments with lowest runoff coefficients.

TL;DR: In this article, throughfall variability of a maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait) stand for two consecutive years was determined in a 50m × 50m plot at the centre of an 18-year-old stand.

TL;DR: Schot et al. as discussed by the authors studied the relation between groundwater composition, land use, soil conditions and flow patterns on a regional scale for the Gooi and Vechtstreek area in the Netherlands.

TL;DR: In this paper, a set of new monthly rainfall runoff models (water balance models) is defined, for use in river catchments smaller than about 4000 km2, without appreciable frost or natural or artificial lakes.

TL;DR: In this paper, tritium and 18O concentrations in precipitation and runoff were used to provide further insight into the groundwater storage properties of the Wimbachtal Valley, a catchment area of 33.4 km2, extending between 636 and 2713 m a.s.

TL;DR: A regional assessment of non-point-source contamination of pesticide residues in ground water was made of the San Joaquin Valley, an intensively farmed and irrigated structural trough in central California as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, a two-dimensional solute-transport model, modified to simulate transient groundwater-lake interaction, suggests that the rising water table during the wet season leads to local flow reversals toward the lakes.

TL;DR: Stable hydrogen (δD) and oxygen isotope ratios of the Ganga river system are reported for the first time in this paper, showing that high-altitude streams (Ganga headwaters) show a relationship close to that of the global meteoric water line.

TL;DR: In this paper, the asymptotic variance of normalized generalized extreme value (GEV) and probability weighted moments (PWM) quantile estimators has been derived for index-flood analyses.

TL;DR: In this article, Gash's analytical model of interception was used to estimate the sensitivity of interception to canopy structure and climatic parameters, and simulated data fitted the measured data satisfactorily (r2 = 0.75).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used principal components analysis (PCA) for the analysis of water quality changes in the Dan metropolitan region of Israel's Coastal Plain aquifer, using Schoeller and Piper diagrams to facilitate the description of the various geochemical groups of water and help to explain quality changes.

TL;DR: In this article, a procedure to calculate the steady-state mass concentration, mass flux and transport rate of suspended blowing snow over continuous snowcovers has been coupled to extensive measurements of the mass flux of suspended snow.

TL;DR: In this article, alluvial ground waters used for irrigation in the southwest Lockyer Valley, Queensland, experience varying salinity problems, and they are categorized by chemical type, and hydrochemical sections are plotted for major cation data (magnesium, calcium and sodium).

TL;DR: In some aquifers nitrate-N concentrations of up to 80 mg 1−1 have been found, and this is a severe constraint on water supply development for small settlements as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, Hanford Loam was used as a test soil to determine the precision, accuracy and nature of two methods to extract soil water for stable isotopic analysis: azeotropic distillation using toluene, and simple heating under vacuum.

TL;DR: In this article, the geochemistry of the Congo and the Ubangi rivers was studied in order to understand the seasonal variations of the physico-chemical parameters of the waters and estimate the annual dissolved fluxes exported by the two rivers.

TL;DR: In this article, the interpretation of spatial and temporal variations in soil water content across a small rangeland catchment is examined, and the impact of antecedent soil water conditions is investigated for a suite of R-5 event simulations with a quasi-physically based rainfall-runoff model.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of parameter uncertainty on the simulation of recorded floods and design floods, using the HBV hydrological model, were examined using two Swedish catchments with hydropower development.